Report: Developing Leadership and Management Skills at ASDA

This report analyzes and compares leadership and management skills, using ASDA, a British supermarket chain, as a case study. It evaluates contemporary leadership and management theories, such as transformational and transactional leadership, and contingency and scientific management theories. The report highlights key differences between leadership and management, focusing on aspects like the basis of influence, emphasis, strategy, and power. It examines key performance indicators (KPIs) for ASDA, including sales per store, sales per employee, conversion rate, customer retention, and customer satisfaction, to assess organizational leadership and management performance. The report further discusses how effective communication, resource management, and a clear vision, driven by leadership, contribute to improved management performance and overall organizational success.

Developing leadership and
management skills

EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
Management is the process through which a group is controlled for the establishment of
the collective goals. The leadership on the other hand is also a very similar concept in which an
individual's ability is used for motivating and enabling others the goals for the contribution of the
organizational success. Influencing and inspiring the separation of leaders form the leaders and
managers is in the terms of the power and control and also the ways in which they motivate their
followers towards success. Understanding and critical evaluation of contemporary theories and
model of management and leadership for referring the effectiveness of the developing a
demonstration of the effective leadership.

Table of Contents
INTRODUCTION ..........................................................................................................................4
MAIN BODY...................................................................................................................................4
Analysation and comparison of leadership and management......................................................4
Key performance metrics of the organization..............................................................................7
Organizational Leadership and Management Performance.........................................................8
CONCLUSION..............................................................................................................................10
REFERENCES..............................................................................................................................12

INTRODUCTION
Leadership is the ability of an individual or a group for influencing or guiding the
followers or other members of the organization towards the collective goals. Management is a
process which is helpful for the management of process of planning, decision-making,
organizing, leading, motivating and controlling of the human resources. Both the managers and
the leaders need skills which help them to be efficient in the leadership and the management.
Development of these skills is very crucial for the leadership and management of the
organization. Management skills are the practices which helps in developing and deploying
people for their skills. The proper implementation of these skills need to be identified for the
perfect job role in the organization. Leadership skills are the ones which make the leaders
effective in their decision-making such that they can take top-notch decisions and also be
effective in the management of the organizational concept. The efficiency of the organization
towards their operations is directly related to the skills which their leadership or management
has. For this project the chosen organization is ASDA which is a British supermarket chain. This
organization deals with all different types of products including groceries. The organizational
structure of this organization is very flat so that it can have flexibility in the organization which
is common for an organization of such a calibre. In this project the appropriate academic
theories, models and professional sources are analysed and evaluated for the comparison of the
leadership and management of the organization. This project also helps in the analysation of the
impacts of leadership and management for the relations of the overall performance with the help
of the key performance metrics of the organization sector. It is the project also helps in the
measurement of the organizational leadership and management performance.
MAIN BODY
Analysation and comparison of leadership and management
Leadership is a personal influence which is seen as the personal influence which is
helpful for the development for the ways in which they can inspire the people of the organization
to reach the goals and be able to make a difference in the organization. There are different
leadership theories which is useful for understanding and analysing the effectiveness of the
leadership,
Transformational Leadership :

This is a leadership style in which the leaders encourage, inspire and motivate the
employees for being innovative and creative in their practices such that they are able to bring
growth and shape to the future success of the organization (Gümüş and et.al., 2020). These
leaders are very inspirational and motivation for their work force and without the help of
micromanagement are able to gain the trust of the employees.
Transactional Leadership :
This is the theory which involves some motivation but through the method of direction in
which the followers primarily through the appealing of their own interest. The power of the
transactional leaders are considered to be formal authoritative and responsibility of the
organization which help the business in the obeying the instructions of the leaders. These leaders
believe in motivation through the systems of rewards and punishment.
The management of the organization can also be analysed with the help of certain
theories which help in the development of the organization operations. Following are some
theories of management,
Contingency theory of management :
It is a approach which is considered to be based on the theory of management for the
effectiveness of the contingent or the department interplay in-between the application of
management behaviours in the specific situations (Hammad and Hallinger, 2017). It also known
as a situational approach which is used by the management to as it is believed that no one way is
the perfect for addressing the decision which is needed to be made in the organization.
Scientific management theory :
It is the theory of management which is used for the analysation of the synthesis that
helps the operations of the business to flow fluently. The main objective of this theory is to
improve the economic efficiency with the help of methods such as labour productivity. This
theory is understood properly with the art of knowing exactly what is desired by the organization
for understanding the best and cheapest way for the business operations.
There are major differences between the management and the leadership of an
organization such as ASDA,
Basis of comparison Leadership Management
Meaning Leadership is said to be a skill
which helps and individual or a
Management is known as an art
which is systematically organizing

group to lead other followers and
team members by being an
example to them (Hammad,
Samier and Mohammed, 2020). It
can be said as the lesson which
involves the influence of a person
or a group that it can help the
organization in the achievement of
the objectives through willingness
and enthusiasm.
and coordinating the things which
are helpful for being efficient in the
organization. Management is the
combination of five principles which
when work together are able to
develop complete balance in the
management process. These
principles are planning, organizing,
staffing, leading & directing and
controlling and coordinating of the
organizational practices.
Basis The main basis of the leadership is
based on the level of trust the
followers have towards their
leader. Trust is very essential
between the leaders and followers
for ensuring that the followers are
listening to the leaders and
ensuring the effectiveness of the
organization.
Due to having the control the
employees listen to the management
of an organization. This control
asserted by the management is very
less effective as asserting control can
only influence the employees to
work as much they should. This is
the reason why the management is
unable to motivate the employees.
Emphasis The emphasis of the leadership is
towards inspiring people which
allows the leaders to grow in the
organization.
The emphasis of the management is
towards managing the activities of
the employees and the department.
Strategy Strategy for leadership is being
proactive such that they can
predict the future for analysing
what is going to happen.
In management the strategy which is
used is reactive. Meaning that the
management reacts when there is a
result of some situations (Parvin,
2019).
Focus on The focus of the leadership is The focus of the management is

towards the encouragement of the
employees for achieving the
organizational success in the
operations (Zia, 2020).
towards bringing stability in the
organization which is helpful for the
management in the increasing the
effectiveness of the organization.
Power The leaders have the power of
influencing the people for success
of the organization.
In the management of the
organization the power is of ruling
the management which includes the
employees. This allows them to
make the employees follow the
instructions of the organization.
Key performance metrics of the organization
The key performance metrics or indicators are known as the tool which helps in
understand the factors which portrays the performance of ASDA. Following are the key
performance indicators (KPI) for ASDA,
Sales per store :
This organization owns many stores in UK thus, the analysation of its performance can
also be done with the help of a decision-making of this organization (Kantanen and et.al., 2017).
The calculation of this indicator can be done with the help of dividing the sales with the total
number of stores. It helps the organization with a clear idea of which of its store are the most
effective.
Sale per Employee :
As a retailer this organization has many employees. This is an indicator which shows the
effectiveness of the performance of the employees. With the proper comparison of the employee
performance with the average of performance of the employees helps the business in the
understanding how effective the employees are in the organization.
Conversion rate :
The rate at which the business is able to convert the customers which visit the store into
those which have purchased the products and services of the organization is considered to be
conversion rate of the business. It can be said that with the help of dividing the total number of

sales with the total number of visitors in the organization this indicator can be calculated (Retail
KPIs - 12 KPIs You Should Be Tracking, 2019).
Customer Retention :
Most business owners want to retain the customers thus, the customer retention for
ASDA is very essential in measuring the performance of its operations. It is very important for
the organization to track customer retention so that the business can be able to hang onto the
customers. Higher the customer retention of this business higher is the efficiency of the business
towards their operations.
Customer Satisfaction :
This is that metric which is correlated with the retention since the level of services that
are good or bad can directly effect the retention rate and reflect on how satisfied are the
customers. It is measured by the NPS score which is developed with the help of survey or
feedback after the customers have enjoyed the services and products of the organization.
Organizational Leadership and Management Performance
Organizational Leadership is defined as the strategy used by leaders for managing and
directing group of employees in terms of company's goal achievement (Sinaga and et.al., 2018).
It's an important aspect in effective working, clearing vision and mission and increasing profits
for enterprises. Management performance is a procedure of interaction between leaders and
subordinates for continuous evaluation of work. Leadership in firms plays an important role in
improving management working capabilities by influencing the working culture and system of
co-workers. Various benefits firms leadership delivers-
Effective communication: As with the aid of leader enterprise may tends to improve
communication process between workers by resolving all issues and problems and providing
clear direction between departments about how to work (Leadership Styles and How to Find
Your Own, 2021). With the help of proper communication company able to process work more
properly and effectively resulting in increasing efficiency of work with an immediate sales
revenue generation.
Effective resource management: With an impactful team leading and direction to every
employee results in proper utilization of resources (Wegner and et.al., 2021). Fully and effective
resource management results in appropriate working of all production and machinery along with

achieving maximum level of potential. Apart from that resource management also aims at
increasing profit of company in long run.
Clear Vision: Another impactful benefit leadership provides with clearly delivering
vision of organization. With every company's main aim to earn profits and by the leader's proper
guidance aid in organization for increases productivity and dealing with less hinders in work
resulting in achieving of group and firm goal.
Motivates Workplace: Strong business leaders aims at motivating employees and
workplace for increasing and achieving benchmark (Jamali and et.al., 2022). With proper
motivation of employees delivers, a boost in employee morale which ends up in increasing
smooth working, diffuse any doubts and increase in sales.
Different leadership styles impacts differently in performance evaluation as some may
cause in positive impacts and some may give negative impacts, according to leadership style an
enterprise chooses. Various methods affecting management performance as
Autocratic affecting management performance: Also known as Authoritarian
leadership impacts in working of 'ASDA' as under this style leader have the authority or power
of decision-making by their own (Alnuaimi, 2020). The leader takes full responsibility and
authority of all delegation of work and team leading. If 'ASDA' aims to implement this style may
end up in negative result, as the subordinates perform tasks in accordance to order given to them
by team lead. If the decision taken by leader fails that may result in huge loss for the firm. As it
may not delegate works in according to specific job role requirements, which may ends up in
failure for the company.
Democratic style affecting: Democratic or also being called as participative leadership
style characterized with participation of employees in various working and decision-making of
firm. This type of leadership affects in positive way, if ASDA turns to use this type of
organizational style aids in increasing the working performance of employees. With the proper
delegation of authority and work ends up choosing right person for right job results in effective
decision-making and effective working between subordinates (Omer, Sadq and Ahmed, 2017).
Apart from these leaders also serves as moderator of ideas and suggestion for his team and to
focus on improve working and increase production function. Advantages of democratic style
 Increase in motivation between co-workers with boost in morale.
 More effective co-operation with every department.

 Decreasing in employee turnover for continuous improvement.
 Problem free working of firm.
Laissez-fair affecting management performance: This type of style works as Free-rein
leadership i.e. non interfering type of leadership (Pinto, 2019). If company aims to adopt this
methods may end up in negative impact on working of firm. With no leader accepting the
responsibilities the decision-making may end up in hands of employees as they all need to take
decisions for betterment. Having no leader to guide and self-made decision-making end up in big
and major fights between people of enterprise as everyone believes in their final thoughts needs
to be followed and some may even oppose decisions taken by others which results in clashes
between departments, overflowing of production and inventory, low sales revenue for firm and
decreased management performance. Not just internally but also affects company's market value
and brand royalty in eyes of customers.
Apart from the above other leadership styles also tend to affect managing performance of
employees in both negative and positive aspect such as under Transformational leadership puts
a positive impact on working as leader continuously works on encouraging and inspiring
employees for improving efficiency of workers (Waruwu and et.al., 2020). With increase in
morale and encouragement in workers result in improving management performance. As with
improved value system of workers may end up in resulting improved efficiency, higher gaining
and lower costs and scraps in production functions. Or with choosing Transactional leadership
may end up in negative impacts on enterprise as under these followers follow their own interest
and end up in different results for different issues.
CONCLUSION
From the above analysis it had been concluded that leadership and management skills
both are important aspect and may put various impacts on the organization working. Both
leadership development and management skills provides various benefits to firm for improving
efficiency and effectiveness in order to increase profits accumulation and goal achievement of
companies. The report covers an executive summary in regard to showcasing about how
effective implication in order for achieving company's success. The report also delivers about
proper analysis of team leadership and its various styles and also about comparison in between
management and leadership on the basis of strategy, focus, meaning and power. Analysis also
showcase about various key performance metrics like sales per store, conversion rate and many

more. Lastly, analysis shows organizational leadership and management performance with
various benefits provided by company leadership and various styles affecting management
performance in aspect of positive and negative comments. As the report majorly focus on two
main aspects and different sub points showcasing 'ASDA's performance in aspect of analysis and
how firm able to achieve efficiency and effective. With the proper implementation of terms
enterprise may able to gain competitive advantage over others gaining more customers and
grabbing large share of market.

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Leadership Styles and How to Find Your Own. 2021. [Online]. Available Through:
<https://www.americanexpress.com/en-us/business/trends-and-insights/articles/the-7-
most-common-leadership-styles-and-how-to-find-your-own/>
Retail KPIs - 12 KPIs You Should Be Tracking, 2019 [Online]. Available through:
<https://www.cascade.app/blog/retail-kpis>