Lifecycle Development Analysis Report: Amy's Case Study MOD005912

This report provides a comprehensive analysis of Amy's lifecycle development, focusing on the impact of her mother's death, her relationship with her father, and her experiences during adolescence. The report examines Amy's life stages, including infancy, childhood, and adolescence, detailing the physiological, emotional, and social changes she underwent. It also identifies Amy's needs at different points in her life, applying Maslow's hierarchy of needs to understand her psychological, safety, and belongingness needs. The report further explores the interplay of nature versus nurture in Amy's behavior and development, highlighting how her environment and experiences shaped her actions and choices. The analysis includes Amy's involvement in risky behaviors and the challenges she faced in the care system, offering insights into the complexities of her development and the factors influencing her life trajectory. The report aims to provide a deeper understanding of Amy's case, considering the various developmental theories and their practical implications.

Lifecycle Development

INTRODUCTION
The report is about the thirteen year old girl Amy. Amy was a family of four with her
father Dave, mother Nina and her younger sister Maisie. They are black African and Caribbean
heritage people and used to attend church on daily basis. The problem in the family starts when
Nina died and left the girls behind at a very young age. At the age of ten Amy was provided with
the care service and the service was not taken on regular basis. The relationship between Amy
and her father are not good and their conversation often ends up in arguments. The father cannot
handle her anger as well as aggression but still he loves her. Amy did not respect the care service
authorities and can lead her younger sister’s life in wrong direction. After Nina’s death Dave
started dating Laura within six months and the two daughters’ did not like the lady at all, they
started showing signs to their father that they do not like the lady by not having food made by
her and stayed in their room when Laura arrives. Amy started to do things her way and did not
want to listen to anyone. She left for days and go missing, started bunking from the school and
staying out late. Dave has to lose his job for finding Amy and have to leave Maisie with his
parents. Dave also suspect involvement of Amy in Sexual acts with her elder boyfriend along
with having drugs and not using contraception. The lifecycle development of Amy is discussed
in the report with the application of theories of lifecycle development. The different needs Amy
at different points of life cycle are identified along with their impacts.
MAIN BODY
TASK 1
The human body changes with time and require food for the changes. All human need the
same nutrients for the development as well as for the changes. The human goes through different
stages of life during the change period. The major stages of life are infancy, childhood,
adolescence, early adulthood, middle adulthood and late childhood. Proper health as well as
wellness at the different stage of life is achieved by taking proper nutrition along with proper
exercise (Becket and Taylor, 2016). Development in the life cycle refers to the series of changes
that occur due to the maturation that are complex, progressive and continuous. The process of
development and moving to the next stage of the life cycle is called transition.
Infancy is from the age of zero to two years old and the important physiological changes
occur during this time. The body truck grows faster than the rest of the body parts along with the
development of the organ and the organ system are rapid and brain neurons are formed. Fontanel

is the soft spot on the skull of the baby’s head that help in the rapid growth.in the first eight
weeks the Posterior fontanel closes and after the eighteen months the anterior fontanel closes.
Millstones are reached such as sitting, walking and vocalizing. The childhood stage is from two
to twelve years of age (Budday and Kuhl, 2020). In this stage the limbs grow faster and make the
body appearance more proportionate. When the third year is completed the body is more slender
as well as taller and have an erect posture. Amy in this stage got the correct posture and the
bones become stronger, this continuous till the time of puberty. The millstones are running,
drawing, self-feeding, learning and speaking that was learned by her at her home till nine before
her mother’s death. The changes during the adolescence are learned by Amy at the care service
and are from the eleven to fourteen years of age. The puberty is divided into two that is 9 to 13 is
puberty and 14 to 18 year is late adolescence. The childhood period is from four to eight years, in
this stage Amy started going to the school. In this stage of life the development of the emotional
as well as the physiological changes takes place. The size of the brain is developed to the size of
an adult at the age of ten. The attitudes as well as the opinions deepen in this stage. Amy is very
opinionated at this stage is only listening to self. The children start taking clues from the family
members along with the culture. The child starts to mimic the behaviour of their parents in this
stage. The adolescence is started from eleven to fourteen for the girls. The physiological
development that takes place is the development of the sex characteristics along with the onset of
menstruation in Amy at this stage.
Social
Emotional
Cognitive
Physical
Early Adulthood (18-40)
General developmental expectations at next stage
PCES
The secondary sexual characteristics are developed at this stage such as the development
of the breasts in Amy’s body. The body alterations as well as rapid growth takes place this stage.
The emotional and mental adjustment will be maintained by proper nutrition and Amy is not
getting the proper diet and she is consuming drugs that might impact her growth. The late
adolescence starts from fourteen to eighteen. The changes in the late adolescence are that Amy

will develop the desire to be independent and identities different from the family members due to
the psychological and emotional changes due to the psychological as well as emotional changes.
Amy started staying away from her parent as she don want to be like him. Amy starts to take her
own decisions where the caregivers and the parents need to provide her with the direction in life.
Nature and Nurture
The hormone based behaviours; disposition and traits are called nature while the
environment, experience and culture are called the nurture. The mental as well as physical health
is affected by the nature and the nurture. The Amy’s is behaving very distinct from her sister and
has no care for her younger sister as she left her sister behind and goes missing for days. The
nature of Amy is turning more careless towards her sister and thinking for her only (Richards,
2018). She is not taking care of her health and involving unprotected sexual activities and
consuming drugs. She is not communicating with the people at the authorities at the care services
and misbehaving with the authorities and her father. She is getting angry and aggregative to all
the people around her.
TASK 2
Need:
It refers to the desire or the aspiration or want that will lead to have encouragement of
initiatives. The concept related to need is difficult to define because it is far beyond the need of
food, water and shelter (Newark, 2020).
Theory related with needs:
There are various theories that can be determined with regard to needs. Out of them
Maslow’s need hierarchy theory suits and determine the needs with respect to an individual at
different phases of life.
Maslow’s theory:
As per this theory there are five categorization of needs. These needs are the base that
will lead an individual to move and to take efforts within the direction of their satisfaction.
Psychological needs:
This includes the basic needs which are required to be fulfilled by an individual in order
to get satisfaction. These needs include getting of adequate food, clothing and shelter (Li, Chen,
and Hui, 2019). Maslow said that these are the basic and essential needs which are required to be
fulfilled before moving to the next stage of need.

Safety needs:
After the fulfilment of basic needs then the safety need come into force. As per this need
an individual need adequate safety with regard to themselves in terms of theft, violence or health
safety. Likewise, here safety regarding an individual family is also included. These needs are
generally fulfilled by family and society (Fallatah and Syed, 2018). For example, emotional
security, financial security, health and wellbeing and various others.
Belongingness need:
This need is related with belongingness and social need. It is related with the emotional
need and on that basis making of interpersonal relation and affiliation. It includes friendship,
trust, acceptance, love and various other. As an individual is having a direct relation with the
surrounding and society so this need ensures that the emotions will be fulfilled (Desmet and
Fokkinga, 2020).
Esteem need:
This is the next level of need. Here an individual wants respect, dignity, achievement,
desire of reputation among the society and surrounding. This means that as per this need self-
reputation and desire become active (Li and et.al., 2018). This is because after the fulfilment of
the above needs an individual needs care and respect with regard from surrounding and society.
Self-actualization need:
This is the phase of need where the individual dreams come into reality. This is because
is the stage where an individual got everything which it want and desire. Here an individual feel
self-fulfilment, personal growth, peak experience and various other feelings.
Amy’s need:
In case of Amy who is a 13 years old girl, there is certain existence of need. This means
that like others she also possess certain needs which are need to be fulfilled. At per the present
case of Amy her main need includes safety, psychological and belongingness needs. This is
because being a small girl she is in high need of her mother and family. As in the case, she lose
her mother so this need become more active that she got adequate safety in terms of emotional
support with regard to her father Dave. As it is also seen that after the death of her mother, her
father came in relation with Laura and she didn’t like Laura at all. So at this stage it is very
essential that her safety need with regard to its family will be meet so that she can concentrate on

her studies and lead a good life. In the same manner her psychological need in terms of
fulfilment of basic needs related with food, clothing and shelter also need to be meet because she
is fully depended on her parents including her father Dave. This means meeting of this needs in
terms of enabling better life is also important with regard to Amy.
However, being a girl of 13 years, belongingness and social need in terms of friendship
and love and affection is also common. Thus, it can also be major need of Amy because during
this phase of life every individual want that it can got love and affection.
However, it is also to be noted that in case of non-fulfilment of needs of Amy, she will
lose her path of life which could lead to her in big danger. Her habits with regard to life will also
be affected in terms of affecting and indulging in bad habits as it is seen in the case that she lose
focus towards the school and making relation with her boyfriend at such early stage. Thus, it is
very essential that her need will be meet in a synchronised manner so that she can lead a good
life.
Inter-relationship:
Amy’s needs are totally interlinked and related with each other. This is because as she is
having a need of safety in terms of emotional support which is related with psychological and
belongingness need. This is because if she will not get adequate security then her concentration
towards the basic need including foods and various other will be loose and she becomes careless.
Likewise, if the need of safety will not be meet then it will lead to the activeness of
belongingness need.
It is also to be noted that these fulfilment or non-fulfilment of need is having a direct relation
with the future development of Amy. This is because if her need will not be meet then it will
distract her life and her habit. It will also lead to the development of the bad habits as she got
developed in terms of drinking and making relation with her boyfriend at the early stage of life.
This means that if the need will not be meet in the current phase of life then it will lead to have
affection towards the future development in terms of affecting her future negatively. This can
also be understood that if the psychological and safety needs will not be meet then Amy will find
alternative solution in order to fulfil those needs. This is also seen in the case as when she didn’t
get adequate security from her father then she start making relation with others. She also started
drinking and all. This will have a direct impact over her health and her future too because a small

mistake in this stage of life may endanger her entire life. However, on the other hand fulfilment
of the needs will lead to have better development of future in terms of good life.
Dynamics of race, culture and ethnicity with an influence over development:
These are the broad terms and concepts which have a major impact over the development.
This is because these are the aspects of discrimination. This means that the society make
discrimination on these aspects which may lead to have a direct impact over the life of
individual. This can be understood as if an individual is from lower class or race, if an individual
is of different culture or ethics follower then it will be discriminated and as a result its life in
terms of mental and social will be affected. This means that when an individual will be judged on
these basis then it will lead to have an adverse impact over an individual social and mental life in
terms of its disturbance. In the same manner, family situation, income, education community
also puts an influence over an individual life in terms of making it complicated and distracted.
This is clearly seen in case of Amy too because dude to her family situation she was disturbed
and her life is affected in terms of losing focus towards studies. Likewise, lack of education also
lead to disturbing her life in terms of making early age sex with her boyfriend. Thus, it can be
right to said that these socio-cultural factors have a major and direct impact over the life of an
individual.
TASK 3
The Erick Erikson discuss about the role of culture, society as well as conflicts in the ego.
The theorist develops a psychosocial theory that is based on the psychodynamic framework.
Erickson believed that the personality can be changed though life as well as he studied the
impact of socialisation on the personality. The completion of the stages helps in the development
of the individual’s virtues. The stage that is not completed during the process then the stage can
be completed later in any date. The individuals are not psychological developed if the stage is
not completed and this also leads to low sense of the self-worth and in and some cases the mental
ill health is also experienced. The family issues of Amy can be resolved by the theory as Amy is
the starting stage of life and the theory is capable of generating creative and guides the children
for the future. The theory helps in learning the working of the world in patterns for development
in the future (Maree, 2020). The theory is able to guide Amy for the right and wrong decisions
for them.

The theory of Erickson has the limitation and has valid criticism to them. The theory did
not explain the kind of experiences that are need for the successfully completing the stages of the
theory. The theory also does not explain how the individual move from one stage to the other or
move to the next stage. The major criticism of the psychosocial theory is that it does not explain
the exact mechanism for solving the conflicts of individual’s life and helps them in moving from
one stage to other. The development from one stage to the other is also not described clearly. The
theory is unable to explain the experiences that are need for resolving the conflicts as well as
moving the individuals in the next stage. The theory is unable to explain the question like if the
individual who has rediscovered themselves as well as developed different understanding for
living their life due to different changes along with experiences of life (Deng and et.al, 2019).
The theory is also incapable for answering the chances for the continuous development of the
individual throughout the life.
Most of the aspects of Amy’s development are being discussed in the Erickson’s theory. The
different stages of the theory help in considering the different problems of Amy’s life and her
family. Stage first is about the trust and mistrusts in this the trust of Amy on her boyfriend is
more and she has mistrust on his own father. In stage two of autonomy, shame and doubt, Amy
is developing and gaining the sense of independence and the action can be controlled according
to the needs. In the third stage of initiative and guilt, Amy will be develops the skills by the time
she enters school and gain power and control over the world through social interaction. Stage
four is about industry and inferiority in this stage Amy is able to develop pride and
accomplishing abilities through social interactions (Becket and Maynard (2017). In stage five of
identity and confusion, Amy will experience this stage at the time of teenage years and develop
the personal identity and behaviour that is for the rest of the life. In stage six of intimacy and
isolation, Amy will form intimate as well as loving relationships with the people. Success will
form strong relationships and failure lead to the isolation for the individual. In the stage seven of
generativity and stagnation by creating things that will outlast them (Orenstein and Lewis, 2020).
In the stage eight of integrity and despair helps in focusing back on life.
The theory help the professionals in dealing with the Amy’s virtue, will, hope, purpose,
competence, fidelity, love care, ego and wisdom for life. The professionals will be able to deal
with the all the conflicts of life stages of individuals with the Erikson’s theory. The professional
will help in mastering in the stages of life for Amy. The conflicts will be resolved with creativity.

The theory is not able to answer different aspects of life changes or the individuals. The
professionals have to deal with different situations that are unspecific and uncertain. The
professionals cannot decide the development of the stages because it is not clear.
CONCLUSION
From the above report it is concluded that there are various phases of life in terms of
infancy, childhood, adolescence and adulthood along with their influence and impact over the
life of an individual. As along with various phases and stages of life the needs and wants of
individual also differ. This means that the need of the infants are different from other phases
including adolescence or adulthood. Identification of needs and making it fulfilled is a major
aspect with regard to individual life and parental side. An understanding regarding various needs
and its impact over the life is also clearly known in this report. This report also determine that in
order to have an identification of needs and its fulfilment family plays a major role.
Recommendation:
 As per the case of Amy where she is distracted from path of her life, it should be
recommended that her family need to be counselling with some professional which can
suggest and direct her father with regard to Amy.
 It should also be recommended that Amy need to be taken to counsellor where she can
express her thoughts and needs and accordingly her father can know what would the next
step they need to take apart from sending her to care.
 It should also be recommended that her father need to take initiative in order to fulfil her
needs so that she can feel safe and secure with her family and her distracted life will also
be resolved.
REFRENCES
Books and Journals

Budday and Kuhl, 2020. Modelling the life cycle of the human brain. Current Opinion in
Biomedical Engineering. 15. pp.16-25.
Deng and et.al, 2019. Pleasing or withdrawing: Differences between dependent and self-critical
depression in psychosocial functioning following rejection. Personality and Individual
Differences. 140. pp.4-9.
Desmet, P. and Fokkinga, S., 2020. Beyond Maslow’s pyramid: introducing a typology of
thirteen fundamental needs for human-centred design. Multimodal Technologies and
Interaction. 4(3). p.38.
Fallatah, R.H.M. and Syed, J., 2018. A critical review of Maslow’s hierarchy of needs. Employee
Motivation in Saudi Arabia, pp.19-59.
Li, and et.al., 2018. Maslow portfolio selection for individuals with low financial
sustainability. Sustainability. 10(4). p.1128.
Li, Z., Chen, Z. and Hui, Y., 2019. Portfolio selection through Maslow’s need hierarchy
theory. Applied Economics. 51(4). pp.364-372.
Maree, 2020. The psychosocial development theory of Erik Erikson: critical overview. Early
Child Development and Care, pp.1-15.
Newark, D.A., 2020. Desire and pleasure in choice. Rationality and Society. 32(2). pp.168-196.
Orenstein and Lewis, 2020. Erikson’s stages of psychosocial development. StatPearls [Internet].
Richards, 2018. Human lifecycle development and the experiential learning foundations of an
integrated lifelong education framework. Journal of Adult and Continuing
Education. 24(2). pp.250-271.
Becket and Maynard (2017) Values and ethics in Social work, 3rd edition. London: Sage.
Becket and Taylor (2016) Human Growth and Development. London: Sage