Comprehensive Analysis of Life Stages and Psychological Development

This report comprehensively examines human development across various life stages, from infancy to old age. It details the physical, intellectual, emotional, and social changes that occur at each stage. The report also explores the potential effects of different life factors, such as genetics, lifestyle, and biological influences, on individual development. It further discusses the impact of both predictable and unpredictable major life events on personal growth and well-being. The report analyzes two key theories of aging, the wear and tear theory and biological aging, and concludes with an overview of the physical and psychological changes associated with the aging process. The report uses case studies and examples to illustrate these concepts, providing a thorough understanding of developmental psychology.

Development Through
The Life Stages

INTRODUCTION
Development through life stages refers to developing aspects in various levels of life
throughout the life span. It includes several stages like infancy & toddler hood, early & middle
childhood, adolescent, early, middle & late adulthood and old age (Newman and Newman,
2017). The present report is based on development throughout the life stages which will includes
discussion about physical, intellectual, emotional & social development. It will focus on
potential effects of life factors and theories of ageing.
TASK 1
P1 Describe physical intellectual, emotional and social development for each life stages
Life stages Physical
development
Intellectual
development
Emotional
development
Social
development
Infancy
(0-3 years)
Baby is born with
several primitive and
temporary reflexes
including rooting to
get nipple or bottle
into mouth to feed
and grasping others
finger tightly.
It includes sucking
reflex of babies to
feed and recognise
sounds due to fast
development of
brain that leads to
motors actions that
regulate body
muscles.
Development of
emotions consist
happiness or
employment of
something
including bathing
that enjoyed by
infants and they
also shows few of
preferences
towards games or
It consists
development of
sensorimotor
reflex like cries
when left on their
own, copy actions
and waves.

food.
Childhood
(4-10 years)
Kids started to
develop fine motor
skills like writing and
sense of balancing to
avoid falls while
conducting activities.
They have gained
vocabulary to
communicate with
others and analyse
regarding simple
right & wrong
aspects.
Children become
able to
development
various emotions
such as nerves,
frustration,
happiness and
negativity.
They gain
learning to share
socially with
siblings and
friends.
Adolescence
(11-18
years)
Men development
includes voice
breaks, chest
broadens, possibility
of wet dreams, testes
and penis grows.
Women development
consist breasts
develop, period starts
and hips widen.
Abstract thinking
begins that leads to
arguments with
authoritative
figures and begin
independent
thinking due to
release of
hormones (Tanner
and Arnett, 2016).
The mood will
changing
continuously and
experience worry
or stress that is
connected to
exams.
Prefr to stay
independently at
night and trying
out alcohol,
drugs, sex and
different friend
circle.
Adulthood
(19-65
years)
Female face
polycystic ovaries
condition that release
eggs whereas males
have high levels of
hormones like
androgens in body.
A person develops
various skills
including
budgeting, doing a
job and managing
household aspects
properly.
An individual
behaves more
maturely and
become capable
to share, respond
and listen to other
people by
showing empathy
and emotions.
A person takes
responsibilities of
others that can
considered as a
main part of their
social
development.

P2 Potential effects of five different life factors on development
Lifestyle
Factors
Physical
Development
Intellectual
Development
Emotional
Development
Social
Development
Case Study
Genetic:
Psoriasis
It has wide
impact on
physical
development
because it
doesn't scar
skin.
A child with
one parent
with psoriasis
has roughly a
1 in 4 chance
of developing
psoriasis too.
She faces
several
difficulties due
to skin
appearance
which give
wide impact
on emotional
development.
Mother is not
able to wear
short sleeves
top because
she doesn’t
like the way
her skin
appears.
Mother
inherited
Psoriasis from
her mother
which is most
common skin
problem
(potential
effects of five
different life
factors, on the
development of
an individual,
2015
).
Biological:
Smoking
during
pregnancy
Baby may
born
prematurely
with low birth
weight (Britto
and et.al.,
2017).
Baby weight
on average
200g less than
that born to
non-smokers.
Smoking
cause health
complications
as they got
older,
pregnant lady
suffers with
bronchitis and
has done since
she reached
childhood.
Smoking
during
pregnancy
gives negative
impact on
society.
Babies born to
mother who
smoke.
Lifestyle: No proper As there is not There will be Such practices Lady eat

Dietary
choices
physical
development
because of
unhealthy
food.
intellectual
development
of lady
because she
was having
unhealthy food
from her
childhood.
no emotional
feeling and
development
because lady
was having
unhealthy food
from her
childhood.
by mother
give negative
impact on
society as
other mother
will also stop
cooking.
unhealthy food
from her
childhood as
her mother
don't cook.
P3 Influences of two predictable and unpredictable major life events on development
There are several events is life which may change individual living as well as affect
personal development (Oparin, 2017). Some major changes in life can be predicted and even
chosen, while others may be unpredicted. Explanation of these are as follows: -
Predictable Event  Mr. X is suffering from high blood pressure which may be
predicted as Future heart diseases.
 If individual leave home then predictable event is that he/she
may choose wrong decision such as smoking or drinking as
well as weight loss/gain.
Predictable
Physical Event- Birth of a child.
Intellectual Event- Opting for a development programme.
Emotional- happiness post recovery from an accident/illness
Social- Joining a new organisation/school
Unpredictable Event  It is unpredictable event that Mr. X may have issue related to
fits. This is unpredictable because chances of fits cannot be
predictable by anyone.
 Along with this, another unpredictable event is that accident
of love one in family.
Unpredictable event
Physical Events- Death of a person.

Intellectual Events- Major unpredictable life experience can
change a person intellectually.
Emotional- Emotional instability led either by accident or death of
a close one.
Social- Changes in relationship with a close person.
In life there are different events which can have huge impact on individuals. These events
can be predictable or unpredictable events and these events can influence life of a person in both
negative and positive way. These events have major role in developing personality of an
individual.
TASK 2
P4 Two theories of ageing
Wear and tear theory of ageing – This theory of ageing was introduced by Dr. August
Weismann in 1882 and he is a German biologist. It is one of the several ageing theories which
asserts that effect of ageing mainly results by progressive cell damage as well as body system
over time. Basically, our bodies "wear out" because of utilisation as well as once it has been wear
out, then it will no longer function in correct manner. Along with this, it has been expected by
respective author that body is mechanical system and it is going to break down with its uses over
last year (Woo, Kim and Uysal, 2015). This theory of wear and tear ageing simply refer to
deterioration or fundamental limitation theory. Respective theory appears as an most reasonable
as well as it get fit with experience and carries familiar patterns. Other theories view ageing as an
random but wear and tear theory view ageing as more intentional procedure or any planned
event. Another theory of ageing is biological ageing which refers to situation that shows when
there is physical change occur in human body at their middle as well as older age year. Such as
problems occurrence with lungs, arteries stop working, person facing difficulties in breathing and
many more. The respective type of ageing is also know with another name i.e. physiologic
ageing. It will also consider in small stages of declension of functional characteristics. In this
there is change take place in person's molecular, organ and cellular level. Through both the
theories i.e. Wear and tear theory and Biological ageing theory it can be determine that a person

physical as well as mental condition get change by changing time. This is so because he/ she is
getting old day by day.
TASK 3
P5 Physical and psychological changes associated with ageing
Covered in PPT

CONCLUSION
From the above discussion it has been concluded that, there are several stages in
individual life and every have its wide impact at large level. From childhood to old age there are