This report provides a detailed overview of diabetes mellitus, an enduring disorder characterized by changes in blood glucose levels. It explores the two major types: Type 1, where the pancreas doesn't produce enough insulin, and Type 2, where the body doesn't respond properly to insulin. The report highlights the prevalence of diabetes in Australia, the associated risk factors like age, lifestyle, and genetics, and the symptoms, including frequent urination, thirst, and fatigue. It details diagnostic methods, such as fasting sugar tests, and oral glucose tolerance tests. The report also discusses management strategies for both Type 1 (insulin injections, diet, exercise) and Type 2 (oral medication, lifestyle improvements). It emphasizes the importance of early diagnosis, healthy lifestyle modifications, and regular monitoring to control blood glucose levels and prevent complications.