Diabetes in Hispanic American Youth: Prevalence and Characteristics

This report analyzes a peer-reviewed article examining diabetes in Hispanic American youth, focusing on prevalence, incidence, demographics, and clinical characteristics. The study, conducted by Lawrence et al. (2009), investigates type 1 and type 2 diabetes among this population group. The report details the study's methodology, including data collection through observational studies, surveys, and clinical diagnosis, along with the use of statistical tools like the x2 regression test. The findings indicate a higher prevalence of diabetes, particularly type 1, among Hispanic youth aged 10-19. The report also highlights the study's limitations, such as geographical distribution of participants. The conclusion emphasizes the significance of the study in understanding the health conditions of the Hispanic youth population and suggests the need for comparative measures in future research. The article's significance lies in its contribution to understanding the epidemiology of diabetes within this specific demographic, revealing insights into the impact of lifestyle and dietary factors. The study's limitations include a lack of comparative measurements and geographical limitations.

Running head: DIABETES IN HISPANIC AMERICAN YOUTH
Diabetes in Hispanic American Youth
Name of the Student
Name of the University
Author note

1DIABETES IN HISPANIC AMERICAN YOUTH
Article: Lawrence, J. M., Mayer-Davis, E. J., Reynolds, K., Beyer, J., Pettitt, D. J.,
D'agostino, R. B., ... & Hamman, R. F. (2009). Diabetes in Hispanic American youth:
prevalence, incidence, demographics, and clinical characteristics: the SEARCH for Diabetes
in Youth Study. Diabetes Care, 32(Supplement 2), S123-S132.
Introduction
Introduction
The purpose of this article review is to analyse a peer-reviewed article while taking
the methodology, significance and other factors into consideration. The following analysis
section will include the methodological analysis, analysis of results and the limitations of the
chosen study.
Background of the chosen study
The topic of the chosen article is Diabetes in Hispanic American youth. The authors
of this article are Jean M. Lawrence, Elizabeth J. Mayer-Davis, Kristi Reynolds, Jennifer
Beyer, David J. Pettitt, Ralph B. D’agostino, Santica M. Marcovina, Giuseppina Imperatore
and Richard F. Hamman.
Purpose of the study
The purpose of this chosen study was to report the prevalence on 2001and incidents of
type 1 and type 2 diabetes in Hispanic American youth within 2002 to 2005. The study was
also focused on the demographic, clinical and behavioural characteristic of the Hispanic
American Youth in order to examine the correlation among these variables.
Hypothesis declared in the chosen study
The chosen study is an exploratory study with inductive approach. Therefore, the
study does not have any pre-determined assumptions or hypotheses. However, some variables

2DIABETES IN HISPANIC AMERICAN YOUTH
have been considered in the chosen study, Diabetes type, age, gender, weight and other
pathophysiological report including blood pressure, blood group and others.
Methodology analysis
Data collection process
The chosen study is based on the primary data collection process including through
observational and clinical diagnosis study. The survey based data collection is also used. The
study also collect the data including regular food intake, frequency of consumption. The
youth behavioural data and information regarding their lifestyle has been collected through
observational study.
Research instruments
The instruments that are used in the chosen research article can be segregated into two
major categories, namely the data collection instrument and data analysis instrument
(McCusker, & Gunaydin). For data collection the utilised instruments are survey, observation
and clinical diagnosis. For data analysis the x2 regression test has been done, considering the
p-value for measuring significance.
Sample size and sampling process
The total sample size used in this chosen study is 678. However, for the chosen
participants group has been chosen with systematic sampling, which is a non-probability
sampling method. For, systematic sampling the participants were divided into 5 subsections
according to their demographics namely age of 0 to 9, age of 10 to 14, age of more than 15.
Hypothesis testing method
As mentioned earlier, the chosen study does not have any hypothesis. However, to
examine the relationship between various groups as well as various variables the x2

3DIABETES IN HISPANIC AMERICAN YOUTH
regression analysis has been used along with the descriptive statistical analysis. the value
0.05 was taken in this study as the probability testing value. Hence, the relationships that
have the p value more than 0.05 has been considered less significant and the relationships that
have the p value less than 0.05 have been considered significant.
Results of the chosen study
Results from Hypothesis testing
According to the data analysis it was found in the chosen article that within the
Hispanic youth population the participants who were within the age group of 10 to 19 were
more likely to have diabetes type1. The incident of type 1 diabetes was found 9.8 per 1000
population. On the other hand, the incident of type 2 diabetes was found 7 per 1000 people.
Other statistical results
As per the chosen study, some significant amount of variance was found between
male and female population for various age groups. From the study, it has been also found
that 20% of total Hispanic population is Mexican American.
Conclusion formulated by the study
According to the study, it has been found that within the Hispanic community of the
America the number of diabetic population is considerably high, where the regular food
consumption and lifestyle related attributes have significant contributions.
Any limitation mentioned by the study
In the chosen article, the major limitation that has been identified by the authors was
the geographical distribution of the participants. According to the study the chosen
participants live in a particular geographical area. Hence, the results found from the data
analysis is not completely error free (Schneiderman et al., 2014).

4DIABETES IN HISPANIC AMERICAN YOUTH
Conclusion
Summary of the chosen study
The study was based on the health analysis of Hispanic American youth population,
where the tendency of having diabetes has been quantitatively analysed. From the study it has
been found that different age group has different prevalence to have diabetes.
Significance of the chosen study
The chosen article is very significant in the study of epidemiology of a particular
population group. From this study the current health condition of the Hispanic youth
population can be clearly understood.
Limitation of the chosen study
The major limitation of the chosen study is the lack of comparative measurement
Further scope
In the future study, the comparative measures within the target population can help to
find out how much the Hispanic youth population is prone to diabetes and related health
issues.

5DIABETES IN HISPANIC AMERICAN YOUTH
References
Lawrence, J. M., Mayer-Davis, E. J., Reynolds, K., Beyer, J., Pettitt, D. J., D'agostino, R.
B., ... & Hamman, R. F. (2009). Diabetes in Hispanic American youth: prevalence,
incidence, demographics, and clinical characteristics: the SEARCH for Diabetes in
Youth Study. Diabetes Care, 32(Supplement 2), S123-S132.
McCusker, K., & Gunaydin, S. (2015). Research using qualitative, quantitative or mixed
methods and choice based on the research. Perfusion, 30(7), 537-542.
Schneiderman, N., Llabre, M., Cowie, C. C., Barnhart, J., Carnethon, M., Gallo, L. C., ... &
Teng, Y. (2014). Prevalence of diabetes among Hispanics/Latinos from diverse
backgrounds: the Hispanic community health study/study of Latinos
(HCHS/SOL). Diabetes care, 37(8), 2233-2239.