Comprehensive Literature Review: Diabetes in Hispanic American Youth

This report presents a literature review focusing on diabetes in Hispanic American youth, drawing from several key research articles. The review examines the prevalence and incidence of both type 1 and type 2 diabetes within this population, highlighting demographic, clinical, and behavioral characteristics. Key findings from studies such as the SEARCH for Diabetes in Youth Study and the Hispanic Community Health Study/Study of Latinos (HCHS/SOL) are discussed, revealing variations in prevalence, risk factors, and the impact of socioeconomic factors like education and income. The report also addresses the emerging epidemic of type 2 diabetes in youth and the challenges in prevention and treatment, including behavioral influences and adherence issues. The analysis emphasizes the heightened risk of diabetes-related complications among Hispanic youth and the need for public health policies that address these disparities.

Running head: DIABETIC IN HISPANIC AMERICAN YOUTH 1
Diabetic in Hispanic American Youth
By (Name of Student)
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DIABETIC IN HISPANIC AMERICAN YOUTH 2
Lawrence, J. M., Mayer-Davis, E. J., Reynolds, K., Beyer, J., Pettitt, D. J., D'agostino,
R. B., & Hamman, R. F. (2009). Diabetes in Hispanic American youth:
prevalence, incidence, demographics, and clinical characteristics: the SEARCH
for Diabetes in Youth Study. Diabetes Care, 32(Supplement 2), S123-S132.
The above authors of this article uses the data from the SEARCH for Diabetes in Youth
Study to report the 2001 prevalence and 200-2005 incidence of the type 1 and type 2 diabetes
in Hispanic American youth and to describe demographic, clinical and behavioural
characteristics of these youths. They found that among the Hispanic American youth, type 1
diabetes was more prevalence than the type 2 diabetes. Based on their hypothesis, there was
no significant sex difference in the type 1 or the type 2 diabetes prevalence. According to
these authors therefore, factors such as poor glycaemic control, elevated lipids and the high
prevalence of overweight and obesity may put Hispanic youth with type 1 and type 2 diabetes
at high risk for future diabetes related complications.
Schneiderman, N., Llabre, M., Cowie, C. C., Barnhart, J., Carnethon, M., Gallo, L. C.
& Teng, Y. (2014). Prevalence of diabetes among Hispanics/Latinos from diverse
backgrounds: the Hispanic community health study/study of Latinos
(HCHS/SOL). Diabetes care, 37(8), 2233-2239.
The authors of this article conducted hypothesis testing to examine the differences in the
prevalence of diabetes and rates of awareness and control among adults from the diverse
Hispanic backgrounds in the Hispanic Community Health Study. They found that the
diabetes prevalence varies from one country to another. They further found that the
prevalence was positively related to age and years but was negatively related to education and
household incomes. According to them, he low rates of diabetes awareness, diabetes control,

DIABETIC IN HISPANIC AMERICAN YOUTH 3
and health insurance in conjunction with the negative associations between diabetes
prevalence and both household income and education among Hispanics/Latinos in the U.S.
have important implications for public health policies.
Rosenbloom, A. L., Joe, J. R., Young, R. S., & Winter, W. E. (2009). Emerging epidemic
of type 2 diabetes in youth. Diabetes care, 22(2), 345-354.
The authors of this article carried the study to determine the epidemiologic evidence of an
increasing incidence and prevalence of type 2 diabetes in youth, issues associated to diabetes
in young population and other issues. It was found that the prevention and treatment of type 2
diabetes in children and youth is a daunting challenge due to the enormous behavioural
influence, difficulty in reversing the obesity and the typical non adherence in the given age
group.
Dabelea, D., Bell, R. A., D'Agostino, J. R., Imperatore, G., Johansen, J. M., Linder,
B., ... & Pettitt, D. J. (2007). Incidence of diabetes in youth in the United
States. Jama, 297(24), 2716-2724.
In this article, the authors aimed at estiamting the DM incidence in 2435 youths aged younger
than 20 years based on the race/ethnicity and DM type. It was found that higher rates of type
1 DM were observed in non-Hispanic white youths. The overall type 2 DM was relatively
infrequent but there rates were documented among 15 to 19 years old group of minority.

DIABETIC IN HISPANIC AMERICAN YOUTH 4
Mayer-Davis, E. J., Reynolds, K., Beyer, J., Pettitt, D. J., D'agostino, R. B., & Hamman,
R. F. (2010). Diabetes in Hispanic American youth: prevalence, incidence,
demographics, and clinical characteristics: the SEARCH for Diabetes in Youth
Study. Diabetes Care, 32(Supplement 2), S123-S132.
The authors of this article uses the data from the SEARCH for Diabetes in Youth Study to
report the 2001 prevalence and 200-2005 incidence of the type 1 and type 2 diabetes in
Hispanic American youth and to describe demographic, clinical and behavioural
characteristics of these youths. They found that among the Hispanic American youth, type 1
diabetes was more prevalence than the type 2 diabetes. Based on their hypothesis, there was
no significant sex difference in the type 1 or the type 2 diabetes prevalence. According to
these authors therefore, factors such as poor glycaemic control, elevated lipids and the high
prevalence of overweight and obesity may put Hispanic youth with type 1 and type 2 diabetes
at high risk for future diabetes related complications.