This essay provides a detailed overview of diabetes mellitus, focusing specifically on the pathophysiology of macrovascular complications, which primarily arise from inflammation in the arterial walls leading to atherosclerosis and narrowed arterial diameters. It discusses the diagnostic methods including cardiovascular imaging techniques and regular monitoring of blood glucose and lipid levels for assessing these complications. Furthermore, the essay highlights the importance of a healthy lifestyle and medication management in treating and managing the condition, emphasizing the role of physical exercise, diet, and pharmacological interventions for effective regulation. Desklib offers a platform for students to access this and many other solved assignments.