Diabetes Mellitus: Surgical Outcomes and Hospital Stay Analysis

This report delves into the challenges and management strategies for patients with diabetes mellitus undergoing surgery, particularly in the context of rising cases at Bottlebrush Hospital. It addresses the increased risks of post-operative complications such as hyperglycemia, hypoglycemia, delayed wound healing, and infections. The report emphasizes the importance of pre-operative glucose control, nutritional support, and stress management to improve surgical outcomes. It also highlights the need for patient education on diabetes management at home to reduce hospital stays and improve overall patient care. The research utilizes various sources, including PubMed and ScienceDirect, to provide a comprehensive overview of the subject matter.

DIABETES
MELLITUS

Table of Contents
INTRODUCTION...........................................................................................................................1
BACKGROUND.............................................................................................................................1
AIM AND OBJECTIVE..................................................................................................................3
SEARCH STRATEGY....................................................................................................................3
CONCLUSION................................................................................................................................4
REFERENCES................................................................................................................................5

INTRODUCTION
Diabetes is defined as the disease which is occur when the blood glucose which is also
called as blood sugar is become high. The blood glucose is the main source of the energy and
that comes from the food that usually individual used to eat. Moreover, the insulin is hormone
which is secreted from the pancreas that help glucose from the food get into the cell which is
based on the use of energy. In this report, the discussion is based on background and aim and
objective with the proper search strategy. As per this, the case study is associated with the
Bottlebrush Hospital which shows some of condition which indicate that the cases of Diabetes
mellitus is rising. In this, the patient is enhancing with the secondary diagnosis of the Diabetes
mellitus which is receiving all type of surgery. Moreover, the increase in the cases of complexity
is used to enhance the length of stay for the patient and also increase the cost (Buades and et. al.,
2021).
BACKGROUND
While taking the contrast of the case study, it is analysed that the rising cases show the effect
of enhancing cost of people and hospital is taking concern of people who is taking all type of
surgery. In this, the hospital used to take consideration on the outcome which is increase by the
surgical process or the post-operative care. Moreover, knowledge regards with the diabetes
mellitus refers as the group of disease that may affect the body uses the blood glucose. As per
this, the glucose is defined as the vital health aspect because it plays role which is essential to
provide the source of energy for the cell that make the muscle and tissue. It is also brain main
source of fuel. In this, the mellitus mean refers as the sweetened with the honey that defined the
sugar in the urine. With the context of hospital, the manager is used to enhance that they are
seeing is in diabetes mellitus not with the diabetes insipidus or the gestational diabetes so it is
important to prevent the analysis which is relevant diagnostic group (D’souza and et. al., 2021).
The majorly issue which is associated with the case study shows that the people with
secondary diagnosis of diabetes is taking all type of surgery which may create issue with the
post-operative factor with the patient. They take longer time to stay in the hospital. While taken
the brief account on this, it is identified that the people with diabetes has facing the additional
risk when they have a surgical process especially those who is dealing with frequent experience
of high blood sugar or have the known as the brittle diabetes. In this, they follow the difficulty in
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the controlling of their level of glucose. The patient may have already experience the major
complication from the associated issue of diabetes. Such as neuropathy or requiring an
amputation which is also imply with higher risk (Meng and et. al., 2017).
There are some of the information that show evidence regards with the case study of
Bottlebrush hospital, the there are several people with diabetes taking the surgery and risk is
arises. Moreover, the risk of people with the diabetes faces after the surgery majorly include
some situation such as hyperglycaemia which called as high blood glucose or the hypoglycaemia
is known as glucose which can be an issue after the surgery. In this, the post-operative injury or
the wound take longer time to heal. The chance of higher risk of infection within the wounds.
However, the other type of infection such as pneumonia, urinary tract infection or the sepsis. In
this, the hyperosmolar hyperglycaemic nonketotic syndrome, the diabetic ketoacidosis which is
arise due to the surgery which is started after the postoperative factor. In this, the electrolyte
imbalance is also observed in the patient which indicate the condition which is associated with
the electrolyte level that include sodium and potassium which show the rise of fall in the
significant way. This can cause issue which is related with the heat and the body level of fluids
(Mensah and et. al., 2020).
The effective way to control the diabetes is helpful to provide the excellent chance for the
surgical outcome. Moreover, keeping the blood glucose level within the parameter associated
with the healthcare provider recommend various key points. It is usually associated with the top-
notch nutrition which mainly have high quality protein which is act as part of essential
supplement. However, protein is defined as the essential element which help in the process of
healing of wound, also provide their contribution towards the faster wound healing process,
stronger and strengthen the tissue at the surgical site and enhance ability to withstand the rigors
of the surgery. A diabetic patient feels anxious when they thought about the aspect of surgery
which may be helpful. It is also important to measure the level of stress and reduce the stress by
providing the better wellbeing and resilience. Moreover, there are various type of stress that is
physical stress that include the surgery and the emotional stress which is recorded as the
worrying and anxiety which help to work against the elevation level of blood glucose. If the
person is used to drink and smoke, then before surgery they must stop and eliminate the alcohol
which help to control the blood glucose and quitting the smoke that help the individual to return
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the breathing without the presence of oxygen and they require instant ventilation (Mohsen and et.
al., 2019).
The effective way to manage the diabetes may vary from the different from how it will be
managed in hospital. As per this, while taking the contrast of Bottlebrush hospital, they face
issue with the bed time where patient take longer time to stay in the hospital for the surgery. As
per this, it is important to teach the people regards with the management of diabetes in home. In
this, there are some example which is helpful in able to use of regular insulin which administered
through the intravenous route rather than the other type are also available. In this, most of the
health care provider especially in the time of surgery will not recommend the oral medication or
the long lasting type of insulin which is given. in addition to this, the regular insulin with the
short time is useful to allow the staff that they have much idea towards the glucose level. With
this, the Bottlebrush hospital must focus on the patient by regulating and educating that is
associated with management of diabetes at home and so on (Palermo and et. al., 2019).
AIM AND OBJECTIVE
 What is the concept of diabetes mellitus?
 What are the causes and risk factor of diabetes mellitus?
 What are the challenge faced by diabetic patient during surgery?
 What are the management is being taken for the diabetes during the hospital stay?
 What are the management process is being taken for diabetic patient after the
postoperative aspect?
 Is insulin administration being effective while taking in morning of the surgery?
 What are the impact of diabetic patient in pre-operative surgery preparation?
 What are the strategy and way used to reduce the complication of diabetic patient during
the surgery?
SEARCH STRATEGY
In this, the search strategy is being take through the various website, article, books and many
more. As per this, the resource which is used to collect data and information is based on the
various facts which include website name such as PubMed, SpringerLink, ScienceDirect and
many more. In this, the search strategy is an organised structure which is provide aspect which is
based on key term which is used to search the database. Moreover, the data is collected in such
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phase which provide evidence that is associated with the selected topic of diabetes which is
underline within the case study. The issue is resolve which is based on the Bottlebrush hospital
which state about the rising cases of secondary diagnosis of diabetes mellitus after the all surgery
(Singh and et. al., 2019).
Moreover, there are different books and journals is being review in order to collect the data
which is beneficial to provide the aspect of knowledge which is helpful in the development of
information on the topic related with case study. Moreover, the PubMed, SpringerLink and many
other websites have a core data regards with the issue analyse in case study (Smyth and et. al.,
2020).
CONCLUSION
As per the above discussion, it is analysed that the people with the diabetes faces various
crucial situation which may include postoperative complication due the diabetic condition. In
this, the people with the diabetes require care and support during pre-surgery and post-surgery
and also provide them proper education regards to manage the issue in home.
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REFERENCES
Books and Journals
Buades and et. al., 2021. Management of Kidney Failure in Patients with Diabetes Mellitus:
What Are the Best Options?. Journal of Clinical Medicine, 10(13), p.2943.
D’souza and et. al., 2021. Traditional Indian Herbs for the Management of Diabetes Mellitus and
their Herb–Drug Interaction Potentials: An Evidence-Based Review. Structure and Health
Effects of Natural Products on Diabetes Mellitus, pp.279-296.
Meng and et. al., 2017. Efficacy of low carbohydrate diet for type 2 diabetes mellitus
management: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled
trials. Diabetes research and clinical practice, 131, pp.124-131.
Mensah and et. al., 2020. Guidelines for the nursing management of gestational diabetes
mellitus: An integrative literature review. Nursing open, 7(1), pp.78-90.
Mohsen and et. al., 2019. Nanotechnology advanced strategies for the management of diabetes
mellitus. Current drug targets, 20(10), pp.995-1007.
Palermo and et. al., 2019. Perioperative management of diabetes mellitus: novel
approaches. Current diabetes reports, 19(4), pp.1-7.
Singh and et. al., 2019. Largest single‐centre experience of dulaglutide for management of
diabetes mellitus in solid organ transplant recipients. Diabetes, Obesity and
Metabolism, 21(4), pp.1061-1065.
Smyth and et. al., 2020. Systematic review of clinical practice guidelines to identify
recommendations for sleep in type 2 diabetes mellitus management. Diabetes Research
and Clinical Practice.
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