This report provides a comprehensive overview of Type 2 diabetes, encompassing its physiology, pathophysiology, and pharmacological treatments. It explores the underlying mechanisms of the disease, including insulin resistance and hyperglycemia, and examines the role of various drug classes, particularly Biguanides like metformin, in managing the condition. The report details the pharmacodynamics, pharmacokinetics, indications, contraindications, precautions, and side effects of these medications. It also highlights the relevance of this information to nursing practice, emphasizing the importance of understanding the disease and its treatment for effective patient care. The report concludes with a discussion of the importance of healthcare professionals' understanding of the disease and the appropriate use of medications, including the consideration of side effects and benefits. References to key literature in the field are also provided.
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