Diabetes Type II Risk Assessment: A Case Study of Mr. Joni

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Assessment 1
Case study

 This presentation is based on identification
of the risk of the patient Mr. Joni towards
development of multiple health conditions.
 The identified and most risk driven disease
here is diabetes type II
 This presentation will help enlighten the
course of this disease and link it to the case
provided.
Introduction

 The Levett-Jones’ (2018) Clinical Reasoning
Cycle and the below guidelines are used in
order to evaluate the current situation for
the patient.
 Step 1- consider the patient situation
 Step 2- collect cues
 Step 3- process the information
 Step 4- identify the issue
Step 1 2 3 and 4

 The association of obesity and hypertension
to risk of development of diabetes type II is
revealed and confirmed.
 Around 34% of US adults are obese and
11% of them are suffering from type II
diabetes (Eckel et al., 2011).
 Mr. Joni has developed hypertension and
has habit of smoking and alcohol
consumption regularly.
Incidence of Diabetes type
II

 Type II diabetes can be a result to following
condition
 Peripheral resistance to the insulin
 Impaired regulation of hepatic glucose
production
 Decline in beta cell function in pancreas
(Chen et al., 2016)
Pathophysiology of diabetes
type II
(Online source-
https://www.thermofisher.com/blog/proteomics/type-2-diabete

 Short term complications
 Hypoglycemia
 Hyperosmolar hyperglycemic non-ketotic
syndrome
 Long term
 Diabetic retinopathy
 Kidney disease4
 Heart disease
 Neuropathy
 Ketoacidosis (Bahtiyar et al., 2016)
Consequences for diabetes
(online source-
https://

 Step 5- establishment of goals
 Step 6- take actions
 These steps are the next stages of the
Levette Jones model that enables the
individual to establish appropriate goals for
the complication and take appropriate
actions for the reducing the risk for any
further consequences.
Step 5 & 6

 Two goals that will highly benefit Mr. Joni by
reducing risk towards this complication are-
1. Smoking cessation
2. Diet control and adoption of a physically
active life with aim of reducing the current
body weight (Lonardo et al., 2018)
Goals to reduce current
risk
(Online source-

 Nursing interventions
1. Medical nutrition therapy
2. Physical activity and behavior modification
 Patient oriented interventions
1. Administration of anti-dibetic drugs
2. Motivational interviewing
Interventions

 Pharmacological intervention includes
administration of metformin as the drug of
choice for the control of the blood glucose
levels for Mr. Joni. (Song., 2016)
 Metformin twice a day before meals
Pharmacological

 Motivational interviewing
It is the type of interviewing process done by
registered or community nurse.
The nurse evaluates the patient and plans a
routine assessment and plan for the patient
This process helps in educating the patient
regarding current situation and benefits of
adopting lifestyle changes for better life
(Lindson‐Hawley et al., 2015).
Non-pharmacological

 Development of comorbid diseases is a
common scenario due to changing lifestyle and
modified habits.
 It is essential for the individual to follow up
routine health check and try to prevent the at
risk situation with some lifestyle modifications
and some interventions from the health and
social care.
 Mr. Joni needs to develop an appropriate active
lifestyle with dietary changes that will help him
reduce his BMI and allow him to stay healthy
and prevent any complications of the
comorbidities present.
Conclusion