The Role of Diet in Managing Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS) Symptoms

This report provides a detailed analysis of the influence of diet on Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS). It begins with an introduction to PCOS, its causes, and associated symptoms, including irregular menstrual cycles and hormonal imbalances. The report emphasizes the significant impact of diet on m...Read More

Influence of diet on Polycystic
ovarian syndrome

Table of Contents
Influence of diet on Polycystic ovarian syndrome.......................................................................1
Meaning of PCOS........................................................................................................................3
Causes of Polycystic ovarian syndrome..................................................................................3
Influence of Diet on PCOS..........................................................................................................4
Diet Tips For PCOS.....................................................................................................................6
The linkages between PCOS and insulin resistance ...................................................................7
CONCLUSION............................................................................................................................8
REFERENCES............................................................................................................................9

INTRODUCTION
Polycystic Ovary Syndrome refers to a hormonal disorder this disorder generally cursors in
women who are in reproductive age. In this hormonal disorder women have prolonged
menstrual periods or male hormones which are known as androgen are in excess. The cause
why this happens is unknown. Long term implication of this are type 2 diabetes and heart
disease this can be reduced through early diagnosis and treatment. In this diet have special
effect and plays important role in two manners. First, in weight management and other is
insulin production and resistance. Insulin plays an important role and through proper insulin
level can help people to manage this condition.
Meaning of PCOS
As per the view of Decanter, (2018) Polycystic ovarian syndrome is a health problem in
women which is caused because of imbalance of reproductive hormonal system and this afect
the whole reproductive system and the whole body. Like all other processes of body PCOS is
deeply affected by the interaction of hormones in the body. In this when one type of hormone
is reproductive system gets off balance it affects the whole system.
This is later can be explained that in case all the hormones are balanced in the body overies
make egg, which gets released in Fallopian tube every month to await fertilization, in case of
PCOS which is because of imbalance of hormones the ovaries do not develop egg to maturity
or the eggs do not get released during ovulation.
This is caused because of hormonal imbalance and which affects the whole menstrual cycle
and which result in either irregular menstrual cycle or missed menstrual cycle.
Causes of Polycystic ovarian syndrome
As per the view of Barry, (2019) knowledge of the causes of problems make it easy to solve
the problem and in case of PCOS researchers are unsure about the exact causes of the PCOS.
But the causes which are believed to cause PCOS are-
Genetics- In this genetics affect the PCOS and if mother and sister of the person has it
chances of having PCOS are higher in that case and this is also affected by them if they have
irregular periods or diabetes. In relation with genetics not only maternal family is responsible
for higher chances of PCOS but this is also caused by family of father's side.

High Level of Androgens- these are known as male hormones. Though all women have small
amount of it but those women who have PCOS have more androgens than estrogen. These
hormones prevent your ovaries from releasing egg during menstrual cycle and can cause
PCOS symptoms.
Insulin Resistance- According to Barry, (2019) Insulin are those hormones which control
conversion of food into energy. In case cells of body do not respond to it is known as insulin
resistance which increases level of insulin. Overweigth, lack of enough exercise all these are
likely that this is a part of PCOS condition.
Symptoms of PCOS are-
Irregular and absent menstrual cycle
Excessive hair growth
Skin Tags
Darkening of the skin
Infertility
Deeper Voice
these are symptoms of PCOS and complication which can be caused by these are-
 Type 2 diabetes
 Sleep apnea
 Cancer of the uterine lining
 Depression, anxiety and eating disorders
Influence of Diet on PCOS
Diet have significant impact on PCOS. As stated by Krishnan and Muthusami, (2017) In
this level of insulin is higher than normal. This is a hormone which is produced in pancreas
and this helps the cells of the body to turn sugar into energy. If body do not produce enough
insulin then blood sugar level in body can rise. This also happens in situation when body is
blood resistant, this means that body is not able to use the insulin it produces. Too high level
of insulin can cause production of excessive androgens. Insulin resistance is caused from food
which is high in refined carbohydrates, which is in starchy and sugary food.
Diet which can combat insulin resistance which will reduce chances and effect of PCOS.
These diet includes food like-

High-fiber food is very effective in controlling and managing insulin resistance this is
because high fiber food slow down digestion and reduce the impact of sugar on blood this is
beneficial for women with PCOS. Option for high fiber food are-
cruciferous vegetables
beans and lentils
almonds
berries
all these are high fiber food which can reduce the impact of insulin resistance and are helpful
in combat PCOS.
Other options in this are lean protein like Tofu, chicken and fish which are not high in fiber
but are helpful for women and a healthy dietary option.
Food which are helpful in reducing inflammation are also beneficial for women with PCOS.
Option for this are-
Tomatoes, spinach, olive oil and fruits, such as blueberries and strawberries.
Not just adding these food in diet is enough to deal with PCOS women needs to avoid some
type of food in diet is also important. Food to avoid in diet are-
Refined carbohydrates cause inflammation and can worse insulin resistance and which is why
these should be avoided. Food to avoid are high processed food, like-
White Bread
muffins
Breakfast pastries
Sugary Dessert and
anything which is made of white flour.
Sugar which is a carbohydrate and should be avoided wherever possible.
As per the view of Risal and et.al., (2019) Diet is first line treatments for PCOS through
weight loss and energy restrictions which have a positive influence on metabolic and
hormonal aspects of this condition. Alteration in carbohydrate amount have been included in
this discussion earlier and in recent studies dietary fatty acids which have particular emphasis
on PUFA have shown to have positive impact within this population group.
According to Pasquali, (2018) Though food and diet is not root cause of this problem which is
known as PCOS but change and alteration of food and diet can improve the condition of

PCOS and those who are dealing with this. Though there are studies and record about role of
food and diet in improving and worsening condition of PCOS but role of various nutrients in
this condition is still not available which can give effective contribution in improving this
condition.
Diet Tips For PCOS
According to the view of Verma, Dubey and Gupta, (2019) PCOS which is very common
condition and that is why affect around 15-20% women. Earlier discussion have suggested that
this is caused due to imbalance of hormones and which leads to growth of fluid filled sacs on
the ovaries. Discussion have shown that its side effects are irregular and absent periods, hair
loss, excess hair growth, acne, weight gain and depression. Higher risk of PCOS is type 2
diabetes and heart disease. After having all this cure for PCOS is not available but treatments
for this includes changes in diet and lifestyle. In this women who are overweight as little as
5% can restore irregular periods and boost ovulation. To do this some of the dietary Tips are
as follows-
A Low-GI Diet
As per the view of Wright, (2017) Women with PCOS are often insulin Resistant and this
means that their cells does not use insulin as ready as they should. This increase insulin and
blood sugar which cause unpleasant symptoms. In this a low-glycemic index diet can keep the
insulin level stable. Glycemic index is a measure of how quickly a food raises blood sugar
level slowly. This helps insulin spikes.
The diet which is low-Gi diet consist of eating whole fruits and vegetables, whole grains and
lean protein.
A diet which is Low-GI can have many benefits specially for women with PCOS and who
cause insulin resistance.
Not to Skimp on Breakfast
According to Li and et.al., (2020) making breakfast biggest meal and dinner smallest meal can
help in balancing hormones. For women who are overweight have been advised that they
should take half of the calories at breakfast reduce insulin level by 8%. These women also
ovulate 30% more than those who eat small breakfast and large dinner which also improves
fertility. In this also should be noted that eating larger breakfast and not reducing the size of
dinner may lead to weight gain.

Eat only healthy Fats
This is also advisable for women with PCOS that they only eat healthy fats. Healthy fat
including Omega-3 fatty acids. This helps in balancing your hormones and improves insulin
level in women. Some of the healthy fats includes oily fish, avocados, olive oil and unsalted
nuts and seeds. Adequate intake of healthy fats without Omega-3 may also improve insulin
resistance. In this it should be noted that Omega-3 fatty acids and vitamin 3 can also improve
insulin resistance.
The linkages between PCOS and insulin resistance
PCOS (Polycystic ovary syndrome) has been recognized as the important aspects in
term of metabolic along with reproductive disorder which is actually conferring the level of
insubstantiality in more terms of been increased risk types 2 diabetes. As per the Polak and
et.al., (2017), the women who are identifies as with PCOS have the issues of insulin
resistances which is considered to be the conditioned which have major leading of high level
of glucose and potentiality of having type 2 diabetes. On the other hand the Dahan and
Reaven, (2019) contradicts the insulin have less level of significance with impacts of increase
level of syndrome issue in body of women. He also sated that the insulin resistances can have
the mismanageable due to lifestyle modification. There are types of treatments in order t have
preventatives in term of different level of complicatedness so that every women should be
properly screened off.
Accordance to views of Polak and et.al., (2017), the development of PCOS has been
considered to be risk factor in order to have development of diabetes which is elevated level of
insulin in considered as contributing factor along with other metabolic complicatedness which
are realist to significant level of syndrome. On the other hand, the Dahan and Reaven, (2019)
contradict that the insulin resilience font have the effect on everyone in same way. This have
the insulin and PCOS relation which is impatience on each other at vice versa notice. As per
the views of Bailey, Phinney and Volek, (2019) obesity-associated insulin resistance alters the
function of the hypothalamus and the pituitary gland in the brain, increasing the production of
androgenic hormones, which contribute to PCOS. He also stated that the PCOS and insulin
have the combined level of implication over infertility along with early level of miscarriages
which is due to lace of difficulty in carrying a baby for longer period. On the other hand, the

author stated that the insulin resistance have the been associated with adipoceration which is
by adipocytes that regulates lipid metabolism and glucose levels.
As per the views of Dahan and Reaven, (2019), pre diabetes is considerer to be risk
which is actually associates with havering proper metabolise contagiousness which have leads
to the high sugar level which is being prolonged for longer denaturation of time. The author
also sated that a moderation of reductionist in dietary carbohydrates which have
oversimplification over reduced along with fastenings a post challenging insulin
oversimplification along with concertmaster in developmental of women in PCOS. He also
sated that the insulin resistances can have the mismanageable due to lifestyle modification.
Hence, the Behboudi-Gandevani and et.al., (2017) have the PCOS over the developmental
organdie due to have the androgens which are considerer to be craftiness period as the several
levels of reproductive and metabolic phenotypes. One the more level of underrating the author
stated that Several PCOS genetic susceptibility loci have been mapped and replicated along
with having same susceptibility genes contribute to disease risk.
CONCLUSION
On the basis of this discussion it can e concluded that PCOS which is very common
problem in women who are in reproductive age and its complications on short term and which
are depression and hormonal unbalance but its long term complications are type 2 diabites and
infertility. This condition PCOS is very closely linked with insulin resistance and insulin
resistance is a big reason which causes PCOS. There are no cures for PCOS but improve and
changes in diet and food can solve this problem and improves balance of hormone and also
can improve insulin resistance.

REFERENCES
Books and Journals
Barry, J.A., 2019. Anxiety and Other Psychological Issues in PCOS. In Psychological Aspects
of Polycystic Ovary Syndrome. (pp. 63-93). Palgrave Macmillan, Cham.
Decanter, C., 2018. Oocyte Quality in PCOS. In Infertility in Women with Polycystic Ovary
Syndrome. (pp. 31-39). Springer, Cham.
Barry, J.A., 2019. Fertility and Psychology in PCOS. In Psychological Aspects of Polycystic
Ovary Syndrome. (pp. 141-159). Palgrave Macmillan, Cham.
Krishnan, A. and Muthusami, S., 2017. Hormonal alterations in PCOS and its influence on
bone metabolism. Journal of Endocrinology . 23 2(2), . pp.R99-R113.
Risal, S and et.al., 2019. SAT-227 Diet-Induced Obesity and Prenatal Androgen Exposure
Reprogram the Fetus and Cause Transgenerational PCOS-Like Phenotypic Changes
in Adult Female Offspring. Journal of the Endocrine Society. (Supplement_1).
pp.SAT-227.
Pasquali, R., 2018. Lifestyle Interventions and Natural and Assisted Reproduction in Patients
with PCOS. In Infertility in Women with Polycystic Ovary Syndrome. (pp. 169-180).
Springer, Cham.
Verma, T., Dubey, R.P. and Gupta, A., 2019. Nutritional approach to deal with complex
multigenic disorder: polycystic ovary syndrome.
Wright, H., 2017. The PCOS Diet Plan: A Natural Approach to Health for Women with
Polycystic Ovary Syndrome. Ten Speed Press.
Li, L and et.al., 2020. Characterization of brown adipose tissue (BAT) in polycystic ovary
syndrome (PCOS) patients by Z-Spectral Imaging (ZSI). European Journal of
Radiology. 123. p.108777.
Polak, K. and et.al., 2017. New markers of insulin resistance in polycystic ovary
syndrome. Journal of endocrinological investigation, 40(1).pp.1-8.
Bailey, B., Phinney, S. and Volek, J., 2019. Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome, Insulin Resistance
and Inflammation. Retrieved (2019, February 2) from https://blog. virtahealth.
com/pcos-polycystic-ovarian-syndrome.
Dahan, M.H. and Reaven, G., 2019. Relationship among obesity, insulin resistance, and
hyperinsulinemia in the polycystic ovary syndrome. Endocrine, 64(3).pp.685-689.
Behboudi-Gandevani, S. and et.al., 2017. The association between polycystic ovary syndrome,
obesity, and the serum concentration of adipokines. Journal of endocrinological
investigation, 40(8). pp.859-866.