UUNZ Digital Enterprise and E-Commerce: Implementation Report Analysis

This report provides a comprehensive overview of digital enterprise and e-commerce, addressing key aspects such as implementation plans, the drivers of digital enterprise, and the challenges encountered in online retail. It delves into the system development life cycle (SDLC), outlining the stages of system analysis, design, building, testing, and maintenance. The report critically evaluates the role of innovative business models and technologies, particularly the use of mobile web platforms, detailing factors like user interface, functionality, compatibility, internet accessibility, and security. It also explores e-commerce security strategies, including the use of HTTPS, platform selection, backup procedures, authentication methods, and administrative controls. Furthermore, the report examines the challenges faced in online retail, such as traffic delays, cultural considerations, training needs, and security concerns, offering recommendations for improvement. The report concludes with a discussion on the evolution of innovation in digital systems and the factors influencing the adoption of smartphones in business and e-commerce, along with a letter of transmittal and an executive summary.

DIGITAL ENTERPRISE AND E-COMMERCE 1
Digital enterprise and e-commerce
Institution
Student name
Student id
Tutor name
Date

DIGITAL ENTERPRISE AND E-COMMERCE 2
Transmittal letter
Institution,
Tutor,
P.O box
Date
Student name,
P.O box,
Dear sir/ madam
RE: DIGITAL ENTERPRISE AND E-COMMERCE
The report herein is dedicated to delivering detailed information on digital enterprise and
e-commerce as far as the implementation plan, mobile web e-commerce security details, and
challenges of mobile and online retailing are concerned.
Yours truthful
Executive summary
It is definite that the greatest revolution other than the discovery of fire, farming, and the
wheel is information technology. Information use and need have taken a different dimension
from the traditional information storage and sharing modes. Initially, information storage was
entirely reliant on the human brain, and sharing was verbally from one to other generation. Later,
came paperwork. The evolution went on to computerized information storage system. These
information systems were, however, limited in performance and sharing. The discovery of

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internet intervened, and things were different since then, and information storage, sharing, and
manipulation have ever since taken a new course.

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Table of Contents
Introduction.................................................................................................................................................3
LO-1.............................................................................................................................................................3
Drivers of digital enterprise.........................................................................................................................3
Business...................................................................................................................................................4
Technology..............................................................................................................................................4
Society.....................................................................................................................................................4
LO-1 Digital enterprise implementation plan..............................................................................................4
System analysis........................................................................................................................................5
System design..........................................................................................................................................5
Building the system.................................................................................................................................5
System testing.........................................................................................................................................5
System maintenance...............................................................................................................................6
LO-2.............................................................................................................................................................7
Critical evaluation of the role of innovative business models and technologies in the transformation of
digital enterprises........................................................................................................................................7
Factors to consider when developing a mobile web in the business platform............................................7
a) User interface......................................................................................................................................8
b) Functionality and usability...................................................................................................................8
c) Compatibility........................................................................................................................................8
d) Internet accessibility and bandwidth..................................................................................................8
e) Security................................................................................................................................................8
LO-3 strategy for a digital enterprise...........................................................................................................9
Use of HTTPS.........................................................................................................................................10
Picking the right platform......................................................................................................................10
Back up..................................................................................................................................................10
Authentication.......................................................................................................................................11
Keeping admin air-tight.........................................................................................................................11
LO-4...........................................................................................................................................................12
Challenges in the online retail business.....................................................................................................12
Delayed traffics......................................................................................................................................13
Culture...................................................................................................................................................13

DIGITAL ENTERPRISE AND E-COMMERCE 5
Training..................................................................................................................................................13
Security..................................................................................................................................................14
Conclusion.................................................................................................................................................14
Recommendation......................................................................................................................................14
References.................................................................................................................................................15

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Introduction
The basic definition of a digital enterprise is an organization that uses modern technology
information and data system as a strategy for both internal and external operations
competitiveness. These digital systems include the web or any other internet systems linked in
the daily activities of the enterprise. On the other hand, e-commerce is defined as the use of
electronic means over the internet to make business transactions Digital enterprise and e-
commerce Basole, (2016). The transaction includes marketing and advertisement, digital money
transfer, and tracking the order status as far as delivery of the ordered item by the client is
concerned.
LO-1
Drivers of digital enterprise
Digital transformation is business transformation. Enabling clients to make orders and
payments online makes the transactions more convenient hence the need for the business to use it
in their enterprises. The use of AI and internet of things is right, left and center, failure of the
business to use the digital media means the business will be competed out Chaffey, Hemphill,
and Edmundson-Bird, (2015). The speed of transaction is essential, and the use of the online
platform will also increase the speed of the transaction.
Challenges faced by a digital enterprise in terms of:
Business
The transformation from one means of operations to the other is not always easy. They
are subject to employees and customers resistance on the grounds of fear and expectations from
the change among others.

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Technology
Establishing a digital enterprise requires quality machines and workforce. This may turn
out to be very expensive to the organization in the first phase of transformation.
Society
Changing society from one course of things is not an easy task. It requires a vibrant
campaign. In case the society is not conversant with the technology, eyed may turn out to be the
most significant drawback Fan, (2016).
System development life cycle
Streamlined and efficient software development is reliant on the methodologies and clear
definitions of processes to navigate from point A to B. These methodologies are known as
System Development Life Cycle (SDLC).
Using SDLC in website development involves identifying the current website problem
that need to be solved, designing the website, building the system, testing and maintaining the
system.
LO-1 SDLC website implementation plan
System development and implementation take a definite life cycle. This life cycle is vital in
the process of developing and installing the system in the organization. Failure to adhere to this
life cycle or neglecting of one its clauses can lead to substantial losses at the end of the process.
The life cycle takes the following steps.
 Systems analysis
 System design
 Building the system
 System testing

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 System maintenance
System analysis
The process of developing a computing system starts with the analysis of the system.
System analysis refers to the process of observing, troubleshooting, developing, defining the
methodologies used in system development. The feasibility study of the entire software is also
done for determining the economic benefit to the organization. System analysis must be carried
before any other step in the development process. Budgeting must also be done in both the
dimension time and resources Fatima, Abbas, Ming, Zaheer, and Akhtar, (2017).
At this stage I will identify the problem I have to solve using a website, budget for it and
conduct the website feasibility study.
System design
The term system design is used to collectively refer to the entire process of designing the
units, modules, architecture, various components, and interfaces that makes up the system. This
process also identifies and defines the functions of the system, graphics, and the various
interfaces of different users. The process of system design involves decomposing the system into
units for easier definition the functionalities of the various functions. The system design is
crucial and must be done after the system analysis and before the actual system coding.
At this stage, I will decompose the website into units and have a close study on the
functionalities of each unit.
Building the system
System building refers to the actual coding and realization of the actual software through
coding. The prefabricated units of the system are tabled and put into the practical shape. Here,
the physical part of the system is initialized to completion in a computing unit or system. At this

DIGITAL ENTERPRISE AND E-COMMERCE 9
level, the actual interfaces of the system, authentication, and control, as well as the other safety
and functionality unit’s development, are concerned Ivanova, (2017). The ideas conceived in the
system design and analyses are subjected to practical shape.
At this stage, I will do the actual website development.
System testing
Testing the system after development or the popularly known system building is must do
steep. Developing a system is a complex and tiresome process, whether done by an expert or
beginner. This subjects the system to various forms of error either on logical or syntax. The
syntax error occurrences chances may be eliminated greatly with the installation of expert
personnel in the building desk. However, logical or functionality errors are hard to spot at the
building phase. The system must, therefore, be tested and troubleshoot to certify the utility of the
system.
Testing will help me identify the possible errors hence removing them to ensure the
website efficiency.
System maintenance
Conceiving the idea, analyzing it and testing the system after building it is not all that
entails the process of system development. A continual maintenance process must be ensured for
the system utility to be maintained high. It is evident that the computing world is still in
evolution, therefore changing the affected parts or units in the system. The affected parts could
either be physical parts of the system or the software part for compatibility. A maintenance
process must be continual to ensure high feasibility of the system Laudon, and Laudon, (2015).
Maintenance of the system is critical and if neglected, might affect the digital system negatively

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hence drawing the organization backward. For instance, after many people shifted from the use
of yahoo to Gmail, the maintenance team is supposed to change the contact platform to suit the
users' preference. This is the same case that should happen in case of hardware advancement to
increase the speed and reliability of the system hence higher efficiency.
Here I will keep vigilance to the website to ensure regular update and editing at the time
of need.
LO-2
Critical evaluation of the role of innovative business models and
technologies in the transformation of digital enterprises
Innovation is not a static process; it has been under evolution since its very fast day. This
evolution pace has been maintained to ensure the feasibility of the digital system is improved and
better than the versions available in the past.
The digital items evolution has led to a significant change in the model, size, and the
make-up of the available computing devices. This is evident from the ages of vacuum tubes in
computers to the latest versions of computers where some are embedded in other devices. Of
most significance to discuss as long as system development and e-commerce is concerned, is the
use of smartphones in business and access to content online Mazzarol, (2015).
Smartphone use for both personal and e-commerce has overwhelmed to the digital world.
The factors that have contributed to this is the low price paid for the device ownership and
running. The device is also highly portable and small to the pocket size. They allow easy to use
and fast in communication hence the wide range of use.

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Factors to consider when developing a mobile web in the business
platform
Whether one love or hate it, there is no room for ignoring the fast and robust adaption to
the use of the smartphone apps that cuts across all the ages from the kids to the old. According to
the data recorded on research carried out by a group of experts in 2017, an estimate of 4.4 billion
people was using smartphones. The communication and marketing department has been moved
to use these apps due to the following reasons:
a) User interface
The mobile users need an appealing user interface. As a digital enterprise aiming to
venture in the use of mobile phones to access the webs for a business purpose has to ensure the
user interface is competitive on the eyes of the user Ngoasong, (2018). The graphics of the
smartphone are attractive hence drawing the attention of the mobile users.
b) Functionality and usability
Functionality and usability of the applications in the mobile phone are reliable and easy
to navigate through since they are developed in a user-friendly manner; some are even developed
in the local language. In developing the web for mobile users, the developing team must ensure a
user-friendly language use in the building process.
c) Compatibility
The compatibility nature of the applications has greatly geared the business use behind
smartphones. It is likely to happen under sporadic cases that an application developed will be
incompatible with the smartphone operating system. The system developers of the business
application must take special consideration and care to the compatibility of the system with the
people’s phones Nikunen, Saarela, Oikarinen, Muhos, and Isohella, (2017).

DIGITAL ENTERPRISE AND E-COMMERCE 12
d) Internet accessibility and bandwidth
Smartphones have high internet accessibility. This phenomenon favors the use of
smartphones in e-commerce. Access to the internet enables access to social media platform
hence providing an advertisement platform. The development process of the system should be
linked to the internet for easy access rather than operating offline to ensure easy accessibility.
e) Security
Most of the applications and platforms that are accessible through the phones have been
encrypted from end to end to improve the security measures. This ensures that the data in transit
and rest is secure from access by a third party hence encouraging its use in the business setting.
The use of authentication and authorization has also facilitated the safety of smartphone
embedded systems on the grounds of fewer threats to the information of interest. The
development team should ensure the system is secure from any form of the threat posed to the
system. These include malware, virus, and cybercrimes Omari, (2019).
The entitled development team of the system must ensure it is linked to the internet is
compatible with the smartphones operating system, and the security of the information of interest
is guaranteed. Security concerns may discourage the people from the use of the system on fear of
confidentiality, integrity, and loss, which could be either economical or psychological.
LO-3 strategy for a digital enterprise
Today every business has gone online, the business using the old systems are also in the
run to the digital world. This is a competitive strategy and a substantial tool to thrive in the
current business environment. The customer, organization contact, and linking have been made
easier hence, convenient communication. E-commerce has facilitated shopping and eliminated
physical clients-organization contact. The time spend per transaction is also substantially reduced

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since making purchases is made possible through tapping. All these advantages may never be
realized if a mess in between occurs. The implementation of the system must be done with a very
high profile strategy to cover the possible potholes as long as security and data integrity is a
matter of concern.
Malware, virus, phishing, identity imitation, cyber-crimes, data vandalism are among the
endless list of systems threat. These threats could lead to halting of the entire business activities
on the lost confidence and integrity of the organization's sensitive data loss Oswald, and
Kleinemeier, (2017). However, all is not lost, and the organizations can use all or some of the
following strategies to combat data security threats.
Use of HTTPS
Unfortunately, some e-commerce is still using the HTTP protocol besides the existence
of the secure version. The HTTPS protocol has been largely used in the data that is more
sensitive with the example of information about payments. However, using it in all the units of
the organizations' information is a step forward in maintaining the system secure.
The above should be done hand in hand with setting up 301 redirects, updating the links
in transactional emails and internal links update on the site.
Picking the right platform
Security of information is a severe concern in the development process of an e-commerce
system. Selecting the platform to use is done in consideration of convenience, solid general
functionality with high integrity Quinones, Nicholson, and Heeks, (2015).
Majority of the business in the online world today opt to use the platforms like Magento
and Shopify owing to their stability as far as security issues are concerned. These platforms,
among others, are automatic as far as a security threat detection and reporting are concerned.

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This allows the developers and the managers to give adequate focus to business than the security
of the information the organization is in possession. Having automatic security reporting is not a
green right to the security threats proof. The system management panel must remain vigilant on
the security.
Back up
The data of the organization must have a robust back-up for the sake of uncertainties that
could lead to loss of the entire data of the organization. Perhaps the organization should embrace
the use of distributed servers with similar information to ensure the loss of the data from one
server does not affect the organizations significantly.
Cloud computing is also crucial as far as the data security matter is concerned. The
information of the organization is stored in virtual storage rather than the physical storage disks
Sturiale, and Scuderi, (2016). This reduces the risk of data loss as long as the centralization of
data is concerned. Further, it eases access to information from the point of convenience Teece,
and Linden, (2017).
Authentication
Allowing the public to access the system is significant and advantageous as long as the
marketing aspect is put on the board. All the same, the individuals with the capacity to access
information in the system must be regulated in a manner to improve the security measure of the
organizations' information from the system. The developer of the system has to ensure the
authentication functionality and proper authorization is done. The users must define their user
name and a password to reduce the possibility of accessing the information in the system without
authentication Turban, Outland, King, Lee, Liang, and Turban, (2017).

DIGITAL ENTERPRISE AND E-COMMERCE 15
Keeping admin air-tight
Hackers will access the system from various points but rarely will they access it from the
administrator’s capacity. Hackers can access the system and even lockout genuine systems user
out. This is quite unfortunate and must be countered from all angles and capacity. Ex workers is
a threat to the organizations' information. Some use the logins details to access the system
illegally while out of the organization and perform malicious data manipulation.
The administrator should ensure a continual change of the usernames and passwords to
counter the crimes that could be initiated by the individuals who were once trustees of the system
running. The system users are advised to ensure no information on user names and passwords is
recklessly left on the screens linking the malicious individuals to illegal system access
Uwamariya, Cremer, and Loebbecke, (2015).
The customers should also be educated on the measures to put in place for the data and
system security. One of the greatest mistakes the customers must be educated on is the effect of
sharing passwords.
LO-4
Challenges in the online retail business
The technical part of the system in business use is subject to drawbacks. The technical
and non-technical teams are at risk of various occurrences that could alter the data in the system
eating up into the data integrity and confidentiality.
The technical team always strives to improve the security and the interface of the system.
This is meant to increase the feasibility and simplicity in use. The technical team is challenged in
case of data loss to effects of the virus, malware, or cyber-crimes. The source code may be

DIGITAL ENTERPRISE AND E-COMMERCE 16
affected, forcing them to initiate the system repair from scratch. Also, the system may be hacked,
and the technician’s access blocked.
On the other hand, the non-technical is likely to comprise of the clients and the staffs.
Non-technical team has a high constitution of the system users. The challenges the non-technical
team is likely to suffer include but not limited to internet downtime, the complexity of the system
interface or username and password imitation Wokurka, Banschbach, Houlder, and Jolly,
(2017).
The online system's users in New Zeeland business environment are more likely to suffer
drawbacks as compared to offline users in the following ways.
Delayed traffics
New Zealand is one of the newest states, and forests occupy vast of its land, and land
other chunks of land are yet to face the effects of human activities. The installed infrastructures
are insufficient and unreliable for business activities. The electricity lines and satellites for
mobiles and smartphones and the internet are low. The low network is not reliable in data
transmission since network downtime is a common phenomenon, thus affecting the online
services Yablonsky, (2016). The delayed traffics cost the effectiveness of online business hence
increasing the cost of the business operations. The cost could be at times high to the point of
losing the business point of the online platform and business.
Culture
The New Zealand population constitute of the Maori and the New Zealand European.
These two societies are of different cultures and values. The Maori people have a sense of
conservative to the culture and have the preference of doing things in their ways, including the

DIGITAL ENTERPRISE AND E-COMMERCE 17
medical practices. Convincing the Maori people on the use of online platforms in a business will
is a big challenge.
Training
The Kiwis and the migrant need a comprehensive training to use online systems. The
training is likely to cost the organization massive amounts of money whose return may never be
realized in a short or long run. The training can be done and managed to a small group, but the
clients and the non-technical staffs will have to rely on the government to offer this service. This,
however, has very low chances of occurrence, thus hard to start an online business in New
Zealand. This problem comes hand in hand with the unavailability of financial and technical
skills.
Security
Security of the online system is not assured in New Zealand, just like in other countries.
The security of the online system is at risk of attack by cyber-criminals and vandalism of the
physical components of the system.
Conclusion
This report is dedicated to detail the aspects of e-commerce in the world of business but
later narrows the discussion to consideration of specific country, New Zealand. The prior part of
the report details the drivers and triggers of use of online systems in the business setting. Also,
the report explains the system development steps from scratch. These include the explanation of
what system analysis is what system design, system testing, and the maintenance process and
activities of an online system.

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This report also gives a deep insight into the factors that motivate the use of smartphones
in the business. The innovation of the smartphone made a significant contribution to the online
store hence the significance of the aspect discussion.
This report has also considered and explained the security concerns of an online system.
This has been impacted by describing the features that should be used to develop a robust online
system security-wise.
Recommendation
This report is dedicated to the provision of solutions to e-commerce challenges. The
recommendation of this report on online matter systems is divided into several sections for
clarity. First, the report recommends the use of a more stable platform in the development of
online systems. This is meant to improve the security measures of the system. The report also
recommends the choice of protocol. Protocol has a lot of significance in determining the security
measures of the system. In the later part of the report, it is evident that the use of the smartphone
can transform the business into online and digital organizations. Finally, the report
recommendation on the challenges of New Zealand as far as an online business is concerned is a
call for the government to intervene in aid and campaign of the advantages of using the online
systems in business.

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