Comprehensive Analysis of Digital Forensics and IoT Forensics: Report

This report provides a comprehensive analysis of digital forensics, with a specific focus on the challenges and approaches within the realm of Internet of Things (IoT) forensics. It begins with an overview of digital forensics, its history, and its evolution in response to the growth of computer and cybercrimes, emphasizing the need for standardized investigative procedures. The report then delves into a literature review, exploring the concepts of cybercrime, digital forensics, and IoT, as well as the integration of IoT devices and their implications for data security. Different aspects related with the digital forensics are discussed. The report highlights the differences between traditional digital forensics and IoT forensics, emphasizing the need for multi-faceted approaches to handle the diverse sources of digital evidence in IoT environments. The report also touches upon the historical development of IoT forensics and the need for new investigative resources. The report concludes by presenting a comprehensive analysis of the challenges and approaches in the field of digital forensics, particularly concerning the IoT. The report also focuses on the methodologies and techniques used in investigations related to digital forensics, including the detection and prevention of cybercrimes, the management of privacy concerns, and the digital witness.

Analysing the concept of Digital Forensics
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Abstract— The significant report will be dealing with the
overall concepts of the digital forensics as well as the IoT
forensics that are related with the overall management of the
digital data associated with the computer as well as the mobile
devices. The overall report will put a clear reflection on the
different aspects of the stated concept of digital forensics thus
adhering the overall significance of the data present in the
digital format. Moreover, the report will also provide a clear
reflection of the forensic approaches related with this filed thus
adhering the data related with the overall methodologies
associated within this field. The potential techniques adhered
in respect to the IoT forensics are also detailed along with the
challenges faced within this field. This report will state the
significant concepts related to this field thus helping the users
with the potential security of the data present within the digital
format of data.
Keywords—Digital forensic, comparison of forensics,
approaches, issues to be addressed, discussion of the
significance, proposal for solutions, challenges and analysis of
possible solution
I. INTRODUCTION
Digital Forensic is a significant field of the forensic sciences
that deals with the overall recovery as well as the
investigation of the potential materials that are identified
within the digital devices. The identified digital devices are
depicted to be mostly related with computer crime. This
forensics are mainly carried out with the overall
investigation that is provided within the devices which tends
to store data. Moreover, the concept of digital forensics is
associated with the procedure of interpreting as well as
uncovering of the data which possess electronic data.
The significant history of digital forensics came
into the focus when the computer crime started to take a
significant approach within the network field of the
computer storage devices. The focus of the computer crime
is potentially done firstly by the agencies of the law
enforcements that adheres the overall track of the computer
crimes. The potential growth of the computer crimes are
depicted to be identified within the years of 1980s as well as
1990s. To restrict the usage of the different data related to
the computer systems are depicted to be hampered with the
violation created by the third party vendors as well as
hackers who relatively damage the user data as well as uses
them for their personal benefits [6]. In due respect of this
potential matter in the year 1984 the organization of FBI
developed a Computer Analysis and Response Team whose
primary concern is depicted to keep a significant track in
respect to the computer crime associated with the data
present within the digital devices within overall world.
Moreover, the significant organization related with the
prevention of the computer crimes worldwide identified the
need of the standardization of the different bodies associated
with this type of prevention by 2000. Thus significant
organizations were developed in respect to the fact that will
significantly deal with the track of the potential cybercrimes
or computer crimes within the overall world.
The potential evidentiary nature in respect to the
field of digital forensic generally requires the overall
rigorous standards that tends to stand in respect to the cross
examination related within the court. There have been
significant efforts by the specific organizations such as
National Institute of Standards and Technology that puts
significant responses in respect to the computer crimes thus
evaluating them for the prevention of the computer crimes or
analysing the crimes after they had happened [9]. The next
parts of the report will potentially deal with the overall
aspects related to the field of digital forensics thus adhering
them to provide a critical assessment of the significance of
the concept in the modern day world.
II. LITERATURE REVIEW
According to Vincze 2016, Cybercrime is depicted to be an
important field in respect to the formats of the crimes that
are performed within the world of the cyber issues. The
traditional format of the cybercrime is stated to be the
unlawful acts that significantly occurs in respect to the
usage of the Internet, the devices related with the storage of
the data, thus adhering the overall commitment and the
frequency of performing the crime [11]. The Scientific
Working Group tends to define the term of the digital
forensics as the concept of deriving the significant methods
in respect to science as well as methods that are potentially
proven in regards to the collection, preservation, analysis,
validation as well as identification of the evidences related
to the digital world from the efficient law enforcement
groups. This tends to significantly deal with the overall
gathering of the evidences that are related in respect to the
overall information as provided within the computer
devices. The significant article depicts the usage of the
overall internet data present within the overall network to be
assessed in respect to the overall aspect of the digital
forensic.
According to Conti et al., 2018, the critical
reflection is provided in respect to the field of Internet of
Things that mainly integrates with the help of the different
sensors, smart nodes as well as objects. The stated factors
are efficiently capable of communicating as well as tend to
deal with the flow of the information in respect to each other
thus enacting any other intervention of human [5]. The
nodes present within the IoT framework deals with the
delivery of the significant data with the usage of the cloud
computing mechanisms thus amplifying the collection as
well as the extraction of data in respect to the associated
objects within the network. Moreover, the article also puts a
clear reflection in respect to the security of the overall data
present within the IoT framework which significantly
enhances the data flow within the various nodes present
within the network. The significant challenges like evidence
analysis, evidence identification, preservation as well as
collection and the attack attribution are critically assessed
and analysed in details.
According to Nieto, Rios and Lopez 2018, the
concept of the computer forensics are depicted to be
important and is depicted to be a field that is constantly on
the verge of evolution. The article provides a clear overview
of the personal computing device that is known as digital
witness. This device is significantly capable of the fact
regarding the identification, safeguarding, collecting as well
as communicating the information related to the digital
evidences. This information may be duly used in order to
carry out a substantial investigation in respect to the digital
evidences [12]. The significance of the digital witness to be

eligible in regards to cope with the overall properties are
depicted to be viable with some associative constraints.
These constraints are potentially identified as the anti-
tampering behaviour, the delegation of binding, binding of
credentials and the overall procedures that are to defined in
respect to the data which could be the reason for the
deliberate organising the investigation. Moreover, the article
also deals with the reflection of the two significant issues in
respect to the digital witness [15]. In addition to this, the
methodologies in respect to the fact that will deal with the
overall investigation procedures that will be relatively be
helpful in respect to the prevention and tracking a
cybercrime. The overall principles that are to be adhered in
respect to the overall detection as well as the identification
of cybercrime in accordance to the field of digital forensics.
The article puts a significant reflection on the overall
management of the significant constraints related with the
privacy management of the digital forensic constraints.
According to MacDermott, Bake and Shi 2018, the
concept of digital forensics are depicted to be important as
well as significantly challenging as there is a potential
growth in the number of the devices related to computers.
The digital processing and distribution of data in respect to
the data of the digital form is depicted to be facing many
challenges within the area of investigations related to digital
forensics [19]. The article potentially identifies the
methodology of the criminal activities related with the cyber
forensics. The significant methodologies associated with the
overall digital forensic methodology is depicted to be
important in respect to the detection as well as prevention of
the cybercrimes in respect to the concept of digital forensics.
The modern times has evaluated significant advances in
respect to the implication of information systems within
various fields [14]. This tends to significantly cope with the
overall challenges as well as the issues present within the
environment of the digital forensics.
III. DIFFERENT ASPECTS RELATED WITH DIGITAL
FORENSICS
A. History related to Internet of Things forensics
The concept of IoT forensics were firstly dealt with the
overall crimes related with the computers from a significant
era. The first crimes related to computer was identified at
1978, and this included the legislation which significantly
protected against the unauthorized deletion as well as
modification of the data present within a computer system.
Soon after this the computer crime started to be prominent in
respect to the incidents of copyright, harassment as well as
privacy of the data related with the computer system [13].
Moreover, the years around 1980s as well as 1990s the
different law enforcement agencies are depicted to be
importantly identifying the overall aspects related to
technical terms within the field of investigation. In the
following years several governments started to develop their
respective teams that are associated with the proper
identification as well as analysis of the cybercrimes
associated with the various teams that verifies the significant
examination of the cybercrimes in respect to the filed of
digital forensics [16]. The significant need of the different
innovative as well as new and investigative resources are
being needed in respect to the overall identification of the
constraints related with the digital forensic field. Moreover,
by 2000 there was a significant need in respect to the
standardization of the different bodies that are related with
the different agencies in respect to the law enforcement
department thus enhancing the overall methodologies related
with the prevention as well as identification of the conditions
related with the digital forensic concept.
B. Traditional Digital forensics vs. IoT forensics
The significant trade of traditional digital forensic
significantly deals with the overall identification, analysis,
collection as well as presentation of the digital evidences.
This evidences are collected from the different sources
related with the digital as well as the electronic storage
devices or media that are related with the cybercrime as well
as network incidents related with the information security.
Moreover, the different storage media can be identified from
the server machine in respect to the mobile devices [18]. In
accordance to the fact of proliferation of the IoT devices as
well as the increase in the incidents related to the cyber
security within the associated devices of the IoT as well as
applications depicts the necessity of the collection and the
potential analysis of the digital evidences regarding the
various types of the IoT devices. This methodology is stated
to be the fact of IoT forensics. Thus it can be said that the
IoT forensics is a significant branch of the digital forensics.
Hus the branch of IoT forensics significantly requires a multi
faced approach in respect to the evidences that are collected
in respect to the different sources that are primarily identified
as the sensor devices, cloud storage, communication devices
as well as ISP logs [20]. The significant purpose that is
potentially identified in respect to the IoT forensics is that it
identifies as well as obtains the digital evidences in
accordance to the IoT devices in respect to the legal as well
as investigative purposes.
C. Forensic approach for the IoT Devices
The potential IoT devices associated with the respective
technology are identified as the mobile devices and the
computer devices that tend to store the effective data in
respect to the fact of the digital data transmission as well as
the storage of the digital data. The significant approach of the
digital forensics is depicted to be important in respect to the
investigation of the digital data stored in respect to the
overall data stored in these devices. Moreover, the increase
in the cyber security incidents with respect to the data there
exists a potential requirement of the forensic or the tracking
method in respect to the prevention of the data adhered by
this potential approaches [7]. The digital evidences are
noteworthy to be used for the execution of the different types
of the data that are adhered by the implemented organization
in respect to the presence of the IoT devices. The forensic
approach related with the collection of the digital evidences
are clearly identified as acquiring the overall image present
within the flash memory, acquiring the dump present within
the memory with the usage of the Linux commands and thus
extracting the overall firmware data with the help of UART
as well as JTAG techniques.
D. Addressing issues related to IoT forensics
The first issue related with the overall methodology of
the IoT forensics is depicted as the acquisition of the
evidences related with the procedure of forensics. If this part
of the digital forensics are not effectively handled then the

investigators must necessarily include the overall evidences
in respect to the analysis and the investigation procedures
[10]. The address of this issues are important in respect to the
fact for the effective carrying out of the significant
approaches of the digital forensics. Moreover, the procedure
of the evidence acquiring also needs to be adhered in respect
to the overall management of the devices related with the IoT
devices [17]. The next significant issue related with the
overall management of the IoT forensics is depicted as the
potential visibility of the identified evidences. The end point
of any crime scene is depicted to be verified effectively n
respect to the overall IoT forensics. In addition to this the
documentation of the overall topology is identified as the
significant endpoint issue related with the connections
related to the IoT forensic branches.
E. Types of Evidences related with the challenges
The significant types of the evidences that are related
with the overall challenges faced within the IoT devices are
identified as the analogical evidences, character evidences,
demonstrative evidences, direct evidences as well as digital
evidences [4]. These evidences are respected with the
significant challenges that are adhered in respect to the
overall determination of the forensic methodologies. The
potential challenges that are adhered by the IoT forensics
department is depicted as the overall identification,
preservation as well as analysis of the data present within
the IoT devices associated with the significant challenges
associated with the branch of the digital forensics.
F. Importance of Digital forensics for IoT environment
The significant importance that is related in respect to
the concept of digital forensics is depicted to be deal with
the overall identification of the digital risks associated with
the IoT devices. Moreover, the overall analysis of the
significant associative data of the potential devices is also
identified to be important related in the field of the IoT
devices [1]. The legal sectors associated with the
investigation of the data helps the respective IoT devices to
help with the digital data to be tracked down that will
potentially help the digital protection of the data. Thus the
overall significance lies in the fact that the IoT data will be
useful in respect to the overall transmission of the overall
digital data.
G. Techniques for IoT forensics
The significant techniques that are associated with the
overall IoT forensics are depicted to be divided into four
phases. These are identified as the identification of the
evidences, the data collection process, the data examination
process as well as the overall analysis of the data collected
in respect to the forensics of the IoT devices [16]. The
adherence of the overall identification methodologies in
respect to the overall data associated with the IoT devices
are depicted to be useful in respect to the overall data
present within this devices. Moreover the overall analysis
that are to be carried out in respect to the overall identified
data will be significantly helpful in respect to the overall
digital data adhered by the forensic methodology.
H. Number of Solutions to overcome challenges
The critical assessment methodology is to be designated
in respect to the identification as well as the collection of the
data. This tends to ease the different procedures associated
with the collection of the data thus helping with the overall
data to be preserved [8]. The significant analysis of the data
is to be done by the help of the intelligent team associated
with the designated organizations. Thus the significant
challenges can be adhered in respect to the attack of the
digital data that will help the overall security of the digital
data associated with the IoT devices.
IV. FUTURE WORKS
The important methodology of the overall IoT forensics
may be enhanced with the help of the significant
methodologies that are associated with the overall constraints
related with the concept. Moreover, the analyzing feature of
the overall data are to be associated in accordance to the
important methodologies associated with the devices such as
mobiles as well as computer. This will significantly put an
emphasis to this digital field thus adhering the overall data
related to the computer systems.
V. CONCLUSION
Thus the significant report deals with the overall
constraints related with the IoT devices. This significant
methodology that is associated with the potential challenges
as well as the overall methodologies in respect to the
connection of the data present within the digital forensics
methodologies. Moreover, the analysis of the articles depicts
the usage of the framework present within the overall IoT
framework. The significant methodologies associated with
the challenges as well as the techniques for the depicted IoT
forensics. Moreover, the difference of the traditional
methodologies are stated within the report. Thus it can be
concluded that the overall report states, the overall
constraints related to the concept of digital forensics in
respect to the IoT environment.
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