Unit 5: Digital Technology's Impact on Management and Leadership

This report analyzes the impact of digital technology on management and leadership styles within the hospitality industry, specifically focusing on three restaurant chains: Haz, Tas, and Hazev. It begins with an introduction to digital technology and its role in data processing, followed by a discussion of key management theories, including bureaucratic management, human relations, and McGregor's Theory X and Y. The report then defines the roles of a leader and explores various leadership styles, such as transformational, transactional, and participative leadership. Through a review of interview videos, the report examines how the Marketing Manager, Restaurant Manager, and Finance Manager of the restaurant chains have implemented digital technology and adopted different leadership styles. The analysis highlights the effects of digital technology on both internal and external management styles. The report concludes that digital technology significantly influences management and leadership, providing insights for leaders within the hospitality sector. The report also references Docklands Academy's partnership with the restaurant chains and the use of digital technology to execute business operations and promote businesses.

Running head: DIGITAL TECHNOLOGY’S IMPACT ON MANAGEMENT
Impact of Digital Technology on Management and Leadership
Name of the Student
Name of the University
Author’s Note:

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DIGITAL TECHNOLOGY’S IMPACT ON MANAGEMENT
Table of Contents
1. Introduction............................................................................................................................2
2. Discussion..............................................................................................................................2
2.1 Relevant Assessment of Various Management Theories.................................................2
2.2 Explaining Role of a Leader and Various Styles of Leadership......................................3
2.3 Relevant Reviewing of Different Leadership and Management Styles that are followed
in Haz, Tas and Hazev Restaurant Chains.............................................................................3
2.4 Major Effect of Digital Technology on the Internal as well as External Styles of
Management...........................................................................................................................4
3. Conclusion..............................................................................................................................4
References..................................................................................................................................5

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DIGITAL TECHNOLOGY’S IMPACT ON MANAGEMENT
1. Introduction
A distinctive technology, which is solely responsible for better processing as well as
utilization of any kind of digital information or data with the help of some of the significant
devices is termed as digital technology. The most common devices that are the parts of this
digital information are personal computers, automobiles, traffic light controller, compact disc
player, calculators and several others (Arts, van der Wal and Adams 2015). This following
report would be providing a proper analysis of overall effect of the digital technology over
leadership as well as management styles for the Marketing Manager, Restaurant Manager and
Finance Manager of Haz, Tas and Hazev. Few significant classical management theories and
leadership styles would be described here to understand the detailed analysis of these three
managers.
2. Discussion
2.1 Relevant Assessment of Various Management Theories
Few of the significant and important management theories, which would be extremely
helpful for understanding the overall management as well as needs of employees within any
specific organization are provided below:
a) Bureaucratic Management Theory by Max Weber: This is the first as well as one
of the most important management theory that is being followed by various managers is
bureaucratic management theory (Goleman, Boyatzis and McKee 2013). According to this
specific theory, the most ideal and significant bureaucratic system, created after including
strict rules and regulations, documentation, record keeping and promoting the staff based on
their professional skills.
b) Human Relations Management Theory by Elton Mayo: As per this specific
theory, the respective psychological and social factors are extremely important to create
major productive organizations and the employees could be motivated by attention and not
only by materials.
c) Theory X and Theory Y by McGregor: According to this theory X, the managers
assume that employees are disliking the works, however according to theory Y, the manager
believes that his employees are extremely self motivated, responsible and committed (Verba
2015).

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DIGITAL TECHNOLOGY’S IMPACT ON MANAGEMENT
2.2 Explaining Role of a Leader and Various Styles of Leadership
The leader is defined as an individual, who is responsible for leading and
commanding a company, group and country. The major and the most important roles of any
leader mainly involve understanding as well as making others understand about several
objectives of team. Envisioning, alignment of any other team member with team vision and
also ensuring of perfect execution of goals are the main roles of a leader.
The main styles of leadership for any organization are provided below:
a) Transformational Leadership Style: The firs as well as one of the most significant
style of leadership is transformation leadership style, where the respective leader is
responsible for creating a proper vision for his followers and also share the vision with
everyone (Covin and Slevin 2017). He or she recognizes the need for change and even
motivate his or her followers.
b) Transactional Leadership Style: The second style of leadership is transactional
leadership that involves both rewards and punishments for better performance of employee
and here the leader and follower agree on team goals and thus necessary actions is being
taken.
c) Participative Leadership Style: The final style of leadership is participative
leadership, where the leader encourages a proper participation of followers to undertake the
decision making process and then final decision is taken (Metcalf and Benn 2013).
2.3 Relevant Reviewing of Different Leadership and Management Styles that are
followed in Haz, Tas and Hazev Restaurant Chains
After proper and relevant review of every recorded interview videos of the Marketing
Manager, Restaurant Manager and Finance Manager of the restaurant chains of Haz, Tas and
Hazev, it is noted that all of them have implemented digital technology in their business and
are managing their staff uniquely (Hill, Betts and Gardner 2015). Within Haz, the marketing
manager is following bureaucratic management theory. There is a chain of command from
the senior authority and thus proper regulations and rules are being maintained. He is using
participative leadership style, which is a form of democratic leadership style. Within the
chain of Tas, the restaurant manager is following human relations theory and he tries to
motivate the staff with social factors. He is using transformational leadership style and hence
strengths as well as weaknesses are noted (Bell, Bishop and Przybylski 2015). Within the
chain of Hazev, the finance manager is following Theory X and Theory Y to understand the

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DIGITAL TECHNOLOGY’S IMPACT ON MANAGEMENT
needs of staff. He is using transactional leadership style and thus direction is provided to
fulfil the objectives.
2.4 Major Effect of Digital Technology on the Internal as well as External Styles of
Management
Digital technology has a major effect on the internal as well as external styles of
management. This particular technology, although, has a strong impact on the business
processes and operations; it is also required for changing the management and leadership
styles. Within Haz, Tas and Hazev, the internal styles of management are democratic and
strategic as well as the external styles of management are autocratic and situational and these
two styles are highly affected with digital technology (Westerman, Bonnet and McAfee
2014). These are affected by the respective internal factors of employee motivation,
organizational policies and management structures and external factors of competitors,
customers and economy. This is mainly because the external and internal capabilities are
being affected and supported and customer experience is being enhanced majorly. Thus, staff
performance becomes better.
3. Conclusion
Hence, it is being concluded from the discussion that there is a major and important
effect of digital technology over various management as well as leadership styles for any
particular leader within a company. Docklands Academy in London, UK has developed a
close partnership with three distinctive famous chains of restaurant, which are Haz, Tas and
Hazev. All the restaurant chains totally included twenty one food and beverages and currently
the managers of these three above mentioned restaurant chains have deployed digital
technology within the business to execute the business operations and promote the
businesses. The management and leadership styles of the Marketing Manager, Restaurant
Manager and Finance Manager of Haz, Tas and Hazev are provided in this above mentioned
report. Moreover, the subsequent effect of the digital technology over the internal and
external management styles are also described here.

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DIGITAL TECHNOLOGY’S IMPACT ON MANAGEMENT
References
Arts, K., van der Wal, R. and Adams, W.M., 2015. Digital technology and the conservation
of nature. Ambio, 44(4), pp.661-673.
Bell, V., Bishop, D.V. and Przybylski, A.K., 2015. The debate over digital technology and
young people.
Covin, J.G. and Slevin, D.P., 2017. The entrepreneurial imperatives of strategic
leadership. Strategic entrepreneurship: Creating a new mindset, pp.307-327.
Goleman, D., Boyatzis, R.E. and McKee, A., 2013. Primal leadership: Unleashing the power
of emotional intelligence. Harvard Business Press.
Hill, R., Betts, L.R. and Gardner, S.E., 2015. Older adults’ experiences and perceptions of
digital technology:(Dis) empowerment, wellbeing, and inclusion. Computers in Human
Behavior, 48, pp.415-423.
Metcalf, L. and Benn, S., 2013. Leadership for sustainability: An evolution of leadership
ability. Journal of Business Ethics, 112(3), pp.369-384.
Verba, S., 2015. Small groups and political behavior: A study of leadership (Vol. 1289).
Princeton University Press.
Westerman, G., Bonnet, D. and McAfee, A., 2014. Leading digital: Turning technology into
business transformation. Harvard Business Press.