Digital Transformation, AI & COVID-19 Impact on Organizations

This essay explores the reasons public and private organizations develop digital transformation strategies, highlighting the importance of adapting to changing customer habits and leveraging emerging technologies. It discusses how digital transformation affects various aspects of an organization, including culture, systems, and processes, and uses Tesco as an example. Furthermore, the essay illustrates various branches of Artificial Intelligence, such as Natural Language Processing, Expert Systems, Machine Learning, Neural Networks, Robotics, and Fuzzy Logic, and their applications in organizations. Finally, it analyzes whether the COVID-19 crisis drove or hampered the adoption of digital technologies, citing increased investment in technology and cybersecurity as benefits, while also addressing challenges related to contactless services and employee experience. The document is available on Desklib, a platform offering study tools and resources for students.

Managing Digital
Transformation

Table of Contents
MAIN BODY...................................................................................................................................1
Q1.Discuss the reasons that drive public and private organizations to design and develop a digital
transformation strategy. Use examples to support your argument..................................................1
Q2. Illustrate the various branches of Artificial Intelligence and how they can be used in
organizations. Use examples to support your discussion. ...............................................................3
Q3. Has the crisis caused by Covid-19 driven or hampered the adoption of digital technologies?
Discuss examples, highlighting the benefits and the challenges.....................................................6
REFERENCES ...............................................................................................................................9

MAIN BODY
Q1.Discuss the reasons that drive public and private organizations to design
and develop a digital transformation strategy. Use examples to support
your argument.
A digital transformation strategy is basically considered to be a plan of action that
basically helps in describing how a organisation need to strategically position itself in the digital
economy. In context to organisations, it involves various customer habits change and basically
further involves leverage emerging technology, innovation, change operating and business
models. In context to private and public organizations, the digital transformation basically
changes the way a organization basically operates. In context to digital transformation process it
basically involves culture, systems, processes, work flows and various other factors(Nikitin and
Kulchytskyy, 2021).
The digital transformation basically results in affecting the level of the organisation and
also helps in bringing together data across work place in a effective way. In context to private
and public organizations, the digital transformation plays a very important role and it is very
important for the organizations to develop and design a effective digital transformation strategy.
The digital transformation in any organisations is considered to be a very important factor and
has been key in responding to the disruption of the business eco systems and work. With the help
of transformation, the technology is considered to be a very important factors and the
transformation basically helps the public and private organisations in order to enable better
collaboration between and among the organisations(Bernhard-Skala, 2019).
In addition to that it helps in increasing productivity, higher employee innovation,
personalised ways of customer engagement and also helps the organisation in growth. In context
to Digital Transformation, it helps in providing a valuable opportunity in order to carry out
various business functions that involves HR and Finance for the purpose to move away from the
manual processes. For Example, in Tesco, the digital transformation is considered to be the
integration of the digital technology and is important in all parts and areas of the organisation. In
context to public and private organisations, the organisations enjoys a lot of benefits which are
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provided by the digital transformation and also allows the organizations to modernize the legacy
process. For a private or public sector, the digital transformation changes the way an
organization basically operates. In both the sectors, the businesses involved collection of
customer data and that also involves data for analysis. The digital transformation basically helps
in creating a system that helps in incorporating and gathering the right data for business
intelligence at a higher level. With the help of digital transformation it helps the organisation in
creating ways that helps in different functional units with in a company that helps in translating
the raw data into insights. Moreover, the digital transformation helps in consolidating the
resources and information into a suite. The digital transformation strategy is not a functional unit
or department but it helps in encompassing every area of the business which helps in leading
efficiency and innovation across units. With the help of digital transformation it helps in
providing better customer experience(Mihardjo and Sasmoko, 2020).
In context to organisations, the consumers demands for fast delivery, endless choices and
low prices. With the support of digital transformation strategy it helps in encouraging digital
culture. In context to organisations, it is very important to provide team members with the right
tools as the digital transformation helps in encouraging a digital culture. With the help of right
tools, it helps in providing a easy way to improved collaboration and helps the organisation in
moving towards a more digital world and shifting the culture of the business from a crucial for
the business to remain sustainable. With the right digital transformation strategy it helps the
organisation in improving profitability and efficiency. The right digital transformation strategy
helps the companies in being more agile and helps in increasing continuous improvement
strategies and improving speed to market. It further helps the organisation in providing various
opportunities such as improved productivity, easy adaption and faster innovation. The various
digital transformation strategies helps in redefining the ways and methods of how a company
operates. For any organisation whether its private or public need to create and develop effective
strategies of digital transformation for the purpose to run the business and its operations in a
effective manner which will further help in increased productivity, boosting up sales and
enhancing the image of the organisation(Girasa, 2020).
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Q2. Illustrate the various branches of Artificial Intelligence and how they can be used in
organizations. Use examples to support your discussion.
The artificial intelligence is basically defined as the ability of the robot or the computer
system in order to carry out and perform tasks which are usually performed by the humans and
which requires discernment and human intelligence. With the help of artificial intelligence it
helps in making it possible for the machines to learn from the experience, performing human
like tasks and adjusting to new inputs. The AI technology is considered to be very important as
it helps in enabling the human capabilities that involves various terms such as communication
understanding, perception, planning and use of software for the purpose to undertake the
software at low cost, increasing efficiency and effectively(Emanuel and Wachter, 2019).In
context to organizations, artificial intelligence plays a very significant role in the company and
is basically described as the practice of action, computer recognition and reasoning. In context to
artificial intelligence, it is basically determined as the computer device or capability of a
machine that helps in operating human like activities, acquire from experience and also adapting
to the latest information. In context to branches of the artificial intelligence it involves a broad
set of techniques that involves planning, linguistics, vision, decision science, natural language
processing and etc.
The various branches of artificial intelligence involves the following:
Natural Language Processing: The NLP is basically a part of computer science and the
artificial intelligence that basically helps establishing communication among the human and
computer by the natural language. For example it allows a computer system to understand and
read data through mimicking human natural language. NLP is basically a method that helps in
deriving, searching, understanding and searching from text form of data. With proper
implementation of NLP it helps providing various benefits such as enabling the companies to
opt chat bots for customer support, helps in improving the efficiency and accuracy of the
documents, makes the sentiment analysis easier etc(Masters, 2019).
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Expert Systems: It is considered to be the most successful model of AI software which was
designed in the year 1970s and escalated in 1980s. In context to expert systems, it helps building
a system that helps in dealing with the complex problems and the key features of the expert
systems involves high execution, reliable, extremely responsive and reliable.
Machine Learning: In context to advanced technology, the Machine Learning is considered to
be the most demanding fields. It is basically a technique that provides the organisation with the
potential in order to learn without being programmed. The machine learning is basically the
technique that performs tasks for the purpose to perform tasks to categorize, estimate and
decipher data from a given dataset. In relation to machine learning, it involve various types that
can be categorized as unsupervised learning, reinforcement learning and supervised learning.
Neural Network: The neural network is basically a branch of artificial intelligence that basically
uses the concept of neurology. In context to Neural network it helps in replicating the human
brain. The neural network is considered to be a set of algorithms that are basically used for the
purpose to find elemental relationships within the bunches of data. The neural network basically
involves the system of neurons which are basically artificial and original in nature and involves
artificial neurons such as perceptrons. The neuron is basically a mathematical function whose
main objective is to classify and gather data according to the particular structure that helps in
implementing the various statistical techniques that also involves regression analysis for the
purpose to complete the tasks.
Robotics: In context to Robotics, it is an inter disciplinary field of engineering and science
which is basically incorporated with the computer science, mechanical engineering, electrical
engineering and many others. The robotics helps in determining the usage of robots, producing,
designing and operating. It helps in dealing with the computer systems for the transformation of
information, control systems and intelligent outcomes.
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Fuzzy Logic: It context to real world, it is very tough to recognize whether the condition is true
or not but with the help of fuzzy logic it helps in providing flexibility in order to provide
reasoning that basically leads to uncertainties and inaccuracies. The fuzzy logic is basically a
technique that helps in modifying and representing the uncertain information through
measurement of degree. This branch of artificial intelligence is basically used for the reasoning
about the naturally uncertainty.
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Q3. Has the crisis caused by Covid-19 driven or hampered the adoption of digital
technologies? Discuss examples, highlighting the benefits and the challenges.
Digital transformation is required by every organization to stay competitive in the market
and to maintain a consistent growth. The companies has to adopt some of the vital techniques
and pattern for the growth of their businesses. During the fall of digital technology in 2019 due
to COVID 19, the industries has to face various implications and challenges in their business.
The combination of new talent and new technologies are providing the decisive advances in
customer experience, competitive edge and efficiency of operations are stopped due to the
pandemic. The COVID 19 pandemic has not only carry the disaster medical and political crisis
but it had also break all the records of unemployment, shut down the various medium and small
enterprises etc(Bartsch and et. al., 2020). This idea of digital transformation is vital in the past
decade but this pandemic has limited the companies to adopt the new technologies by
overcoming from the traditional activities.
During the pandemic, customers are drastically moved towards online services and
channels. The survey in the adoption of new digital technology confirms that there is a rapid shift
of digital channels. The impact of COVID 19 on the adoption of digital technology can be
explained from the below points :-
1) Increased investment in technology :- Due to this pandemic the whole world has
realized the importance of technology in all aspects of the life. In all over the world, all
the organization are forced to get the knowledge or wisdom about the technology. All the
industries sector has accepted that technological solutions to run their business. This factor
majorly led to the adoption of new technology among the organization.
2) Enhanced investment in cybersecurity :- At the time passes, the dependency on the
digital platforms is increased for performing the traditional activities of a firm. This
however increases the necessity to invest more in the movement of technology of
cybersecurity measures according to the requirement of companies.
3) Increased automation to create contactless service :- The expanded tendency of the
consumers towards moving to the contactless services has enabled the companies to adopt
automation(Correia, A.P., 2020). There are various situation in the process of automation
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that is tackled by employees and therefore enables the organization to make a better and
safe experience for their consumers.
4) Being attentive towards the employee customer experience :- The adoption of new
technology forced the firms to go thoroughly to the employee experience with the new
technologies. An organization can't expect from their employees as well as their customers
to easily familiar with the new technology because it can be very complex in nature. The
giant companies all over the world recognized this to pay more their attention in the
perspective of customers about the digital platform.
5) Redirecting the technological investments :- This element has led the various companies
to rethink about their investment in the technological sector(Oborn and et. al., 2021). The
dependency on the digital technology has increased in this pandemic which moreover
make it essential for various organization to develop some strategies that enables them to
invest more in the technological sector.
Benefits in adopting the digital technology are discussed below :-
 Accelerating business process :- The best way to accelerate the process of businesses is
by eliminating the tasks that waste the time of their employees by making it automatic.
 Improving the customer experience :- New digital technology enables the customers to
make an easy access to the company services. For an example some software allow their
consumers to reach the firm through phone, email, live chat etc.
 Better decision making thanks to data :- Digital technology enables the managers to
gather the data and process them in real time which helps them to identify the
opportunities and recognized various patterns for future improvements.
 Creating a productive digital workplace and culture :- The improvements in the
technology not only provide a great facility to the customers but the employees as well.
The new digital tools helps the workforce to become more functional and productive.
Challenges in adopting the digital technology is given below :-
 Some employees resist the changes because they feel that their job is at risk and may be
they are fired from the company. It has a negative impact on the morale of the employees
that affects the productivity of the firm.
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 Due to improper development process it is hard for the companies to implement the tools
of digital transformation and its process.
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REFERENCES
Books and Journals
Bartsch and et. al., 2020. Leadership matters in crisis-induced digital transformation: how to lead
service employees effectively during the COVID-19 pandemic. Journal of Service Management.
Bernhard-Skala, C., 2019. Organisational perspectives on the digital transformation of adult and
continuing education: A literature review from a German-speaking perspective. Journal
of Adult and Continuing Education, 25(2), pp.178-197.
Correia, A.P., 2020. Healing the Digital Divide During the COVID-19 Pandemic. Quarterly
review of distance education, 21(1).
Davis, R., 2020. Integrating Digital Technologies and Data drivenTelemedicine into Smart
Healthcare during the COVID-19 Pandemic. American Journal of Medical
Research, 7(2), pp.22-28.
Emanuel, E.J. and Wachter, R.M., 2019. Artificial intelligence in health care: will the value
match the hype?. Jama, 321(23), pp.2281-2282.
Girasa, R., 2020. Artificial intelligence as a disruptive technology. Springer International
Publishing.
Masters, K., 2019. Artificial intelligence in medical education. Medical Teacher, 41(9), pp.976-
980.
Mihardjo, L.W.W. and Sasmoko, F.A., 2020. Digital Transformation through Integration of Co-
creation and Distinctive Operational Capability. Journal of Talent Development and
Excellence, 12(3s), pp.393-407.
Nikitin, I. and Kulchytskyy, O., 2021, June. Model and Mechanism Management of the Digital
Transformation. In 2021 IEEE International Conference on Engineering, Technology and
Innovation (ICE/ITMC) (pp. 1-4). IEEE.
Oborn and et. al., 2021. Institutional logics and innovation in times of crisis: Telemedicine as
digital ‘PPE’. Information and Organization, 31(1), p.100340.
Sharma, N., Basu, S. and Sharma, P., 2021. Sociodemographic determinants of the adoption of a
contact tracing application during the COVID-19 epidemic in Delhi, India. Health Policy
and Technology, 10(2), p.100496.
e Challenges Small Businesses Face During the CVID-19 Pandemic
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The Top Five Challenges Small
Businesses Face During the COVID-
19 Pandemic
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