Analysis of Disaster Preparedness and Response in Primary Health Care

This essay delves into the critical aspects of disaster preparedness and response within the primary health care context. It begins by identifying key principles and frameworks, emphasizing the importance of comprehensive emergency management, which includes preparedness, response, recovery, and mitigation phases. The essay examines the elements of disaster preparedness, such as clear communication, knowledge of assets, and the effective use of technology, particularly focusing on community-based and inter-sectoral relationships. It also highlights the application of geospatial information and analysis in disaster management. Various frameworks are analyzed, including legal and disaster risk reduction frameworks, alongside the Comprehensive Emergency Disaster Management in Australia. The essay further explores the roles of vulnerability assessment, planning, institutional frameworks, information systems, and warning systems in enhancing disaster preparedness. The primary goal is to minimize the impact of disasters, protect lives, and ensure the effective recovery of affected communities.

DESCRIPTIVE ESSAY-
HEALTH CARE

Table of Contents
INTRODUCTION...........................................................................................................................1
Identification of the principles of framework of disaster preparedness and the response in
primary health care context.........................................................................................................1
Selected framework of disaster preparedness and response in health care.................................3
3. Elements of disaster preparedness..........................................................................................5
Response on basis of community, inter-sectoral relationships and multi-disciplinary. .............6
CONCLUSION................................................................................................................................7
REFERENCE...................................................................................................................................8

INTRODUCTION
Flood risk assessment is an assessment of risk of flooding from all flooding mechanism.
For measurement of control of flood risk there is a requirement to provide an advice on action
that need to be taken before and during a flood. This essay is going to show some principles of
framework of disaster preparedness as well as their responses in the context of primary health
care. It will also show effectiveness of that framework of preparedness in order to know whether
it will be useful and preventive or not. Some elements of disaster preparedness such as effective
and clear communication, knowledge of assets, uses of technology before as well as during a
flood with the main aim of responding to community and people on the basis of inter sectoral
relationship.
Identification of the principles of framework of disaster preparedness and the response in
primary health care context.
Interventions are needed to be addressed which used to evolve through complex
subsystem of policy and disaster policy through a set is implemented function is basically
known as the emergency management framework. There are use to modern approaches which
are used to have management in emergency in multidimensional efforts in effect to reduce the
level of vulnerability, impact of disaster in effect to prepare and respond to recover that damage
has occurred. There are 5 major characteristics of disaster that are hard to overcome such as-
1.Disaster is uncertain with respects to both occurrence and their outcomes as to identify the
casual relationship between the disaster and the damage that will occur.
2. The proper assessment and comparison of the risk and benefits as it is important to minimize
the exposure of population and the infrastructure hazards and the other government regulations.
3. Disaster are basically the dynamics events as to manage these types of the disaster requires of
the high technical knowledge along with expertise efforts along with policy development and
implementation.
4.Disasters are relatively rare as the chance of happening such disaster is rare as many of the
areas and their community are basically prone to such disaster. The government has the
preparation of the specialized capabilities as such spatial data and tools which are vulnerable to
budgets cuts and the allocation of resources.
As to address the major challenges and issues in the management of the disaster is with
the aim of hosting the activities in such a way to reduce the losses caused as the impact of

disaster. The approach is basically known as the Comprehensive Emergency Management which
use to comprise of the 4 basic phases that are preparedness, response, recovery and mitigation.

Preparedness
It the type of phases that the involves all the activities that is use to be taken foe short
term before the actual disaster is taken place. With the implementation of the preparedness action
the length of the recovery and response phases. The plans are turned out to be more effective
when it is done by all agencies responding to with all visible resources and responsibilities that
are coordinated in advance. The planning, training and the various exercise will be conducted in
isolation to establish the relationship to develop the trust among those who are going to perform
these events.
Response
It is the major step that is taken just after the following disaster for provide emergency
assistance to the victims. The phases starts with the onset with disaster along with reduction in
life cycle along with threatening life conditions , reproving sustaining aid and the unstoppable
damage to property. Geo spatial information and analysis are critical inputs to incident
management and tactical decision making. The response activity more turns out to have the
sophisticated imagery analysis to the valuable response efforts and make the minimum damage
to the victim by proceeding them with resource for survival.
Recovery:
It includes all those activities which can be taken after a disaster for preventing people
and recovery of their property. In this principle and step, activities are designed in a manner in
which affected people and property can come back in pre disaster condition. Some activities
includes: financial assistance, provision of temporary roofing etc. Long term activities that take
too much time includes: rebuilding of economic and social infrastructure Mossialos & Le Grand,
(2019). Rather than this activities geospatial activities also help people and victims of flood at
the time of a Townsville flood that shows about cities that don't adapt to risks face disaster. This
activities includes: uses and analysis of geospatial informations in order to support managers
direct the recovery process. By tracking locating population and the progress of repair. The main
important task in this step is to archive data collected as a part of the disaster or flood. All these
informations are being used in next principle and step of mitigation planning.
Mitigation

It includes long term activities after one disaster and before another strikes that are being
designed in order to minimize the damage resulting from those that occur. It includes modifying
hazards and minimizing vulnerability to risks. It can be said that it includes all those activities
that can reduce the negative impacts of the future disaster by implementing new strategies and
changed policies. Geospatial assets also can be used to inform mitigation planning in important
ways. For example: simulation models that helps planners to make effective redevelopment
decisions. By comparing the cost of changes to the estimate savings give effective results when a
hazard is mitigated. Tools of geospatial have several benefits as it has ability to permit the
evaluation of multiple alternatives.
Selected framework of disaster preparedness and response in health care
Legal framework - Disaster risk reduction (DRR) is an organized approach to
measuring, assessing and reducing the risks of disaster. It purposes to cut down socio-economic
vulnerabilities to disaster as well as handling with the situation and other risk that trigger them.
In this frame work the disaster management and mitigation contains multimedia and multi
agency participatory approaches Gissing & et.al., (2019). There are different types of key
institutions like Ministry of Disaster Management, the National Council for Disaster
Management and the Disaster Management Centre were established for the purpose of mitigate
the risk of flood and other nature problems. Where the disaster occurs, in this framework the
people of the agency get ready for helping survival people. Thus, This agency provide the proper
training and learning program to the people who are helping for the society.
Disaster Risk Reduction Framework - Disaster management framework helps to
manage the process and make the best decisions that help to providing a common language
among all emergency respondent facilitating both coordination and integration. Thus, this
approach helps to mitigate risk that occurs and effects of natural, human-induced and
technological hazards. Therefore, this framework aids to identify and measure risk conditions
and to take actions to eliminate, reduce or control the risk occur by such conditions. Thus, this
framework aids to manage the risk and helps to society by deliver the emergency respondent
facilities. This facility aids to protect the people in the difficult situation. Thus, the main
purpose of this frame work is enhanced the number of human stream and implement the different
DRM program that helps to manage the disaster risk. On the other side, This framework

promotes the employment and building the best infrastructure standards which will helps to
reduce the disaster loss.
Comprehensive Emergency Disaster Management:Australia
The Framework is of the Australian Government which will help the ones who are
suffering due to disaster by health degradation. The Government provide medical facilities which
provide quick relief to the ones who are suffering. The medicals first of takes care of the primary
health in which the basis needs are resolved and if the patient is not getting relief from the
primary health care then advance medical treatment is provided by taking the patient to the
emergency ward Zerbo & Croen, et.al., (2019). .
As per the NSW report the Comprehensive Emergency Disaster Management: Australia
is trying there best to find. As per the report various factors are considered while the health care
such as risk factors, life expectancy, age of the person, etc. The report says the health of
individuals are managed by the health relief fund. There are various factors which affect the
flood such as heavy rainfall, steep slopes impermeable rock, etc. The Government of Australia
helps in finding out the reasons of the flood and plan actions as per the flood. The NSW report
mentions that there is a special force which is used to find out the persons who are missing due
to flood.
NSW report the flood happened in Queensland around three to four months before. There
was a heavy rainfall due to which lot of lives got affected and which resulted in loss of the
economy. The disaster also affected the social life of the society. The report says there were
around hundreds of family which got affected and the one who went to the job that day are still
missing. The one who returned from that family were having some sought of damage . Yabroff
& Brawley, (2019).
The report Comprehensive Emergency Disaster Management: Australia, The Australian
government of the Queensland have to consider 4 important elements in order to solve the heath
issues of the person suffering and are as follows:
Vulnerability assessment
This assessment is done to the affected people and making effort by which social and
economic development can be made. Various organization come forward to solve this issue such
as NGO, private companies by responding how and what are factors for the relief vulnerabilities
and capacities.

Planning
The planning can be done in order to prevent from the disaster. The government can sign
agreements with various institutes for the planning. If planning is done appropriately then it can
result in effectively and efficiently managing the disaster of Queensland.
Institutional Framework
It takes into account what are the existing and upcoming factors in order to do disaster
risk management. Here no new framework is made and old structure is implemented which is
very effective.
Information system
Information system plays a major role in informing the situation of the disaster. The
sound information system if implemented in the Queensland then the disaster could be prevented
by high alter system which can restrict the area where the disaster has impacted Mackintosh,
(2019).
Warning system
There are various sources for the warning system that could be implemented fast by
telephones, radios, emails etc.
3. Elements of disaster preparedness
There are few main elements that plays a vital role in disaster preparedness, which further
helps in effective planning and respond to a disaster in a proper manner. Lack of disaster
preparedness creates potential risks due to which lives of thousands of people are put into
danger.
 Clear communication: First and the foremost element is clear communication. It is
extremely important for government or organisations to pass important information to
public. Any type of important information should not be withhold from public (Taylor &
Guerin, 2019). It is important for them to gain knowledge about all the important and
useful information, so that of they can prepare themselves by getting alerted and if they
are facing any kind of issue or problem then it can be resolved. Not only this it is
important for other organisations who participate in disaster to help people, it is important
for them as well to get alerted so that they can build a proper disaster response plan.
 Comprehensive training: It is not important that any particular area would never face any
kind of disaster as disaster can occur at any time in any area. So it is important to provide

disaster preparedness training especially to those individual who live in disaster prone
area so that in case of any disaster then can prepare themselves and deal with the
situation. Such type of training will also prepare themselves so that they can help
themselves and other as well. These training will also help them to deal with disaster
services like healthcare services, police department services, fire department etc.
 Knowledge aspect: Most of the time people facing disaster situation panic while facing
disaster as they lack in knowledge about the disaster. Due to this local services such as
police department etc. face lots of difficulties in handling the situation people struck in
the situation (Zerbo & Croen, 2019). So, it is important for people struck in the disaster
to gain knowledge about the disasters and different ways to deal with it. This will help
them to tackle with the situation.
 Updating and testing of plans: It is also important for local organisations of government
to update and test any disaster preparedness plan as per the situation and if there is any
kind of changes in disaster situation then disaster management plan as per the current
situation. This will help them to recover fast and prepare themselves accordingly.
Response on basis of community, inter-sectoral relationships and multi-disciplinary.
Flood disaster is the most common dangerous situation occurs in Australia before 3-9
month ago where it may possible to make the proper review of emergencies and govern own
responsibility. Therefore, families, individuals and communities should know about the event of
flood, if they have evacuated their homes, it requires to make emergency shelter and provide all
necessary facilities (Jegatheesan & et.al,. 2019). Community are made inter-sectoral
relationships with the Australian people and developing countries. In this way, it can be
identified that sustain economic growth across the world.
The social community is able to understand their vulnerability and identified the hazards
situation by flooding. In this way, they are responding towards the flooding and make pre-
planning to control the situations or conditions.
Ongoing Monitoring of vulnerability
Community must follow the process to identify the hazards due to flood in Australia. It
mainly shows the positive response for providing facilities and services.
Assess the likely requirements

It involves for making the preliminary list of floods that will have after happen during
emergency. It useful for assess the need in terms of percentage. It also calculates that how many
people affected.
Identify procedures and review existing priorities
It is important step in terms of emergency when community response and should be
prioritized. The initial response of community is to concentrate on the serious emergencies after
flooding (Hossain & Rahman, 2019).
Make inventory of local
It is based on the self-contained where all community members response to share
necessary resources that requires during emergency. It is also known as emergency response
which may include materials, special equipment and transport etc.
CONCLUSION
As per discussion, it concluded that flooding is a type of risk that develop hazardous
situation and conditions. As per measurement, it can be identified essential action that performed
before and during a flood. The documentation is going to show some principles of framework of
disaster preparedness as well as their responses in the context of primary health care.
It has been summarized the effectiveness of framework of preparedness in order to know
whether it also useful and preventive or not. Some elements of disaster preparedness such as
effective and clear communication, knowledge of assets, uses of technology before as well as
during a flood with the main aim of responding to community and people on the basis of inter
sectoral relationship.

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