Analyzing Disruptive Innovation in Automotive: Cloud Forensics Impact

This report investigates the impact of cloud forensics readiness on analyzing disruptive innovation within the automotive industry. It begins with an introduction outlining the research aim, objectives, questions, and hypotheses, emphasizing the importance of cloud forensics in the context of VANETs and cloud computing. A comprehensive literature review examines improvements in the automobile industry, disruptive innovations such as VANETs, and the influence of these innovations on the existing market. The research methodology is then presented, followed by data analysis and discussions. The report concludes with recommendations, and a reflection on the research process. The study explores the role of cloud forensics in implementing innovation, the impact of disruptive innovation, and the effects on the existing market, providing insights into how cloud forensics impacts innovation and aids in establishing new market value in the automotive sector.

Impact Of Cloud Forensics Readiness To Analyse The Disruptive Innovation In
Automotive Industry

Section-1: Introduction....................................................................................................................1
Section-1.1: Background of research..........................................................................................1
Section-1.2: Research aim...........................................................................................................1
Section-1.3: Research objectives................................................................................................1
Section-1.4: Research questions..................................................................................................2
Section-1.5: Research hypothesis................................................................................................2
Section-1.6: Rationale of research..............................................................................................2
Section-1.7: Chapter Structure....................................................................................................3
Section-2: Literature Review...........................................................................................................5
Section-2.1: Improvements in the automobile industry..............................................................5
Section-2.2: Disruptive innovation that is being made in automobile industry..........................6
Section-2.3: Impact disruptive innovation on existing market of the automobile industry........7
Section-2.4: Existing literature studies made on the automobile industry and cloud forensic.. .9
Section-2.5: Role of cloud forensic in disruptive innovation...................................................11
Section-3: Research Methodology.................................................................................................14
Section-4: Data Analysis................................................................................................................21
Section-5: Discussions...................................................................................................................37
Section-6: Conclusion and Recommendation................................................................................40
Section-6.1: Conclusion............................................................................................................40
Section-6.2: Recommendation..................................................................................................41
Section-7: Reflection.....................................................................................................................42
References......................................................................................................................................43

Title: Impact of Cloud Forensics Readiness to analyse the Disruptive Innovation in
Automotive Industry.
Section-1: Introduction
Section-1.1: Background of research
VANET is a disruptive technology that have assisted automobile sector within
understanding the power of networking. Vehicular ad hoc network (VANET) implies network of
vehicles that move at high speed as well as interact with one other with different rationale but the
critical purpose to improvise overall security while being on the road. This is being applied via
principles of MANET (mobile ad hoc network) and is a spontaneous formulation of wireless
network to domain of automobile industry (Ab Rahman and et. al, 2016). Along with this, cloud
forensics is related with the cross discipline between two aspects including Cloud Computing
and Digital forensics. As, it is also effective that used to oversees the crime committed related to
the cloud and at the same time also investigates on it to manage it properly. In relation to this,
cloud computing is based on the huge network that spreads in over the world. Therefore, cloud
Forensics is considered as an important application that define as a subset of network forensics
that includes accurate results in relation to the court of low that is based on the specified country
jurisdiction. Now a day, use of multiple information technology services is continuously
increased that positively contributes in improvising the overall performance of automobile
industry. One of the main advantage of cloud forensics is that it is cost effective and also similar
with cloud computing and also evolved different cybercrime investigation.
Section-1.2: Research aim
The primary aim of current investigation is to analyse the improvements in automobile
industry, to examine the disruptions related to innovations associated with automobile industry,
to determine that how the existing market is being affected due to the disruptive innovation, to
identify the literature studies which is already existing in automobile industry and cloud forensic
and to observe the roles of cloud forensic in disruptive innovations.
Section-1.3: Research objectives
 The study focuses on the improvements in the automobile industry.
 The study focuses on the disruptive innovation that is being made in automobile industry.
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 The study focuses on the impact of the disruptive innovation on existing market of the
automobile industry.
 The study focuses on the existing literature studies made on the automobile industry and
cloud forensic.
 The study focuses on the role of cloud forensic in disruptive innovation.
Section-1.4: Research questions
 What is the role of the cloud forensic in implementing innovation in automobile industry?
 What is the impact of disruptive innovation in automobile industry?
 What is the impact on the existing market due to disruptive innovation and cloud
forensic?
 How cloud forensic impact innovation in automobile industry?
 How disruptive innovation helps in establishing new market value in automobile
industry?
Section-1.5: Research hypothesis
H0: The research focuses in finding out the positive and negative impact of disruptive innovation
in automobile industry.
H1: The research focuses on developing an in-depth knowledge about the impact of cloud
forensics.
Section-1.6: Rationale of research
The main purpose of undertaking current investigation is to explore the actual impact of
cloud forensic in order to analyse the disruptive innovation made in automobile industry. This
topic provide vast information through which investigator can determine the aspects that assist in
improvising the possibilities of attaining positive and reliable outcomes. In addition of this,
researcher also undertake this study for their personal and professional purpose (Al-Heety and et.
al, 2020). In context to personal context, researcher enhances their skills and knowledge on the
basis of specified topic and entire research activities as well. On the other side, this investigation
is also assist researcher in developing their knowledge about the impact of cloud forensic that
analyse the disruptive innovation within the automobile industry. By this researcher can make
their understanding clearer which positively impact over the professional growth as they can
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easily undertake a successful study. With the assistance of this, investigation cam also carried out
study in future on the basis of same topic and makes an effective and reliable end outcome.
Section-1.7: Chapter Structure
This section provides overview of whole dissertation in a systematic manner. Mainly, it
consists different chapter and activities that help in undertaking an effective study. Thus, it is
significant for investigation to manage all the activities so that reliable and valid data can be
easily evaluated. By this, researcher can easily take meaningful results at the end of the
investigation through making it more successful.
Introduction
It is one of the important section that includes entire information about the topic. This
chapter support in understanding what dissertation is going to discussed. Basically, it includes
different activities such as research aim, objectives, questions, hypothesis, rationale and
background of investigation. With the assistance of this, investigator can analysis the entire
aspects including in the dissertation.
Literature Review
This section provides theoretical framework in which researcher gather data from
different sources to gather detailed and in-depth analysis on the basis of specified research topic
and area as well. In relation to this, investigator acquire data from different sources including
books, journals, articles, newspapers and many more. All these are effective in gathering detailed
information that contributes in attaining valid and reliable results at the end of the investigation.
Research methodology
At the time of undertaking research, it is important for investigator to use different
methods and technique for acquiring reliable information about the research area to draw a valid
conclusion. As, current section provide framework that includes different aspects assist in
gathering reliable data. Thus, it is significant for researcher to select an appropriate method for
gathering accurate and valid information. By this, favourable outcomes can be easily attained
and make whole researcher more valuable.
Data analysis
In undertaking whole study, data analysis is referring to the procedure of evaluating
collected information. Basically, it is also related with cleaning, transforming and at the same tie
also assist in modelling data with the aim of discovering all the necessary information to make
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and appropriate decision. In this, researcher collect data by preparing a structured questionnaire
that includes different close-ended questions asked from selected respondents. This can be
effective in analysing the view point of respondents to draw a valid conclusion at the end of the
study.
Discussion
This chapter analyse the data collected from primary and secondary methods to make an
appropriate result. With the use of this section, researcher can analyse each and every aspect
used to gather data and also make a reliable finding.
Conclusion and recommendation
It is also an important section in which research conclude all the research activities to
evaluate the final judgement. By this, investigator may also analyse findings that provide support
in improving the possibilities of determine the favourable outcomes. Along with this, researcher
also analyse various aspects to identify some improvement area and also recommend on it to
attain reliable and meaningful results.
Reflection
This is last and also an essential chapter that provide overall experience of researchers. In
this, investigator analyse their skills and knowledge that they have experienced in undertaking
research activities. This can be assist researcher in improving their capabilities and at the same
time also determine the areas for further improvement.
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Section-2: Literature Review
Literature review is survey of the scholarly sources on particular topic. It provides
overview about current knowledge that permitting to determine the relevant models and theories
in existing investigation. Process of reviewing literature needs various kinds of the activities and
thinking way (Arena, Pau and Collotta, 2018). The literature review is mainly designed to give
the sources overview regarding the impact of cloud forensic in order to analyse the disruptive
innovation made in automobile industry. The main focus of literature review is to attain the
objectives by consisting different sources for an instance books, articles, internet sources,
journals and others. Process of reviewing literature is ongoing as well as informs several aspects
of research project.
Section-2.1: Improvements in the automobile industry
According to viewpoint of Arshad, Jantan and Abiodun ( 2018), Automotive industry
mainly comprises wider range of the firms consists in design, development, marketing and
selling of the motor vehicles. It is one of the biggest sector through earning in world. High cost
tag of cars develops the more expectations between customers for product quality and also
customization. It turns leads to intricacy of production process. Adopting the smart factory
solution is main method for the automotive manufacturers to assure that quality of goods meet
consumer demand. The high quality craft manufacturers adapting the industrialized approached
to the design as well as manufacturing face maintaining challenge regarding unique quality. In
context to this, big change that occurred already in automotive sector as technology is that
autonomy (Arshad, Jantan and Abiodun, 2018). Change is necessary in automotive sector as it
provides the benefits to an organisation. For most of the automotive manufactures, wider sector
crisis has means the more job cuts. But they are in need of new skills to assist them adjust to the
new product category. For the improvement, it is necessary to structuring the transformation.
These kind of modifications are upending sector ad traditional processes. This is reaffirming
value regarding the old processes.
As per Baig and et. al, (2017), the transformation might be rapidly happening but rarely
these transformations finished without hitting the hurdles to the implementation. As the
automobile firm revaluate service providing and also push for the breakthrough transformation.
they require to track success of processes and also continue to be fine- tune. Structure gives by
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the continuous programs can assist firm to their transformation. On the other hand, there is need
to improvement in driving process in the automobile sector. There should be the digitalisation
across value chain. The digitalisation across value chain takes the production to new level.
Ecosystem of sector has been interrupted through developing amount of the data, enhancing
connectivity and IoT technologies across value chain this brings. From the market research and
consumer to transforming the manufacturing process through applying robotics, power of the
digitalisation is substantial. The connectivity and digitalisation both assist to develop unified
platform in order to managing all important process across value chain. Adoption of the mobility
solutions helps in brings some advantage to the automobile manufacturing firm consisting the
improvement in company processes as well as enhanced capacities.
Section-2.2: Disruptive innovation that is being made in automobile industry
According to Bylykbashi and et. al, (2020), Disruptive innovation is an innovation that
mainly develops new value market as well as disrupts existing market. The technology driven
trends will be revolutionizing how the automotive sector players respond to the changing
behaviour of customers, develop the partnerships and also drive the transformational change.
Enhancing automation, digitization and the new business models have the revolutionized some
other sectors. These forces are providing to the different disruptive technology such as diverse
mobility, electrification, connectivity and autonomous driving. Technology is evolving
continuously and this has created a strong influence on the way in which automobile industry is
delivering their liabilities within the marketplace (Bylykbashi and et. al, 2020). This implies that
for having a competitive edge this sector is also opting for disruptive technologies for being a
head from their competitors.
VANET is a disruptive technology that have assisted automobile sector within
understanding the power of networking. Vehicular ad hoc network (VANET) implies network of
vehicles that move at high speed as well as interact with one other with different rationale but the
critical purpose to improvise overall security while being on the road. This is being applied via
principles of MANET (mobile ad hoc network) and is a spontaneous formulation of wireless
network to domain of automobile industry. The term came to existence in 2001 when car-to-car
ad hoc mobile communication and networking applications in which networks are being
formulated as well as information can be relayed in between the cars (Casey, 2019). This was
specified that such kind of communication architectures will co-exist within VANET technology
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for rendering navigation, road safety along with many roadside with different roadside services.
It is regarded as critical part within the framework of ITS (intelligent transportation systems).
According to (Dogan and Akbal, 2017), VANET makes use of wireless networking
technology like basis on which it works. Most probably the most prominent that are being
utilised involves short range radio technologies such as WLAN (either standard ZigBee or Wi-
Fi). Along with this LTE or cellular technologies are being utilised for Vehicular ad hoc
networks. The latest technology that is being utilised within the wireless networking is VLC
(visible light communication that is infrared transmission & reception) (Dogan and Akbal, 2017).
Prior to executing the VANET on roads, the realistic computer simulation related with VANET
makes use of aggregated Urban Mobility simulation along with this network simulation is
relevant. Generally, open source simulator such as SUMO (deals with road traffic simulation) is
integrated with network simulator such as NS-2 or TETCOS NetSim for studying performance
of the VANET. V2V is also referred to VANET and is variation of MANET where emphasis is
laid on nodes that are vehicles that are within the networks. In the year 2001, it was identified
that ad hoc networks are formulated via cars and such kind of connectivity or network will aid
within dealing with blind spots, avoiding accidents and many more. The infrastructure
participates within such kind of system then it is defined as V2X (vehicle to everything). There
has been a significant improvisation and enhancement within the applications of VANET that
ranges from the safety to law enforcement and navigation.
Section-2.3: Impact disruptive innovation on existing market of the automobile industry
As per Eze and et. al, (2016), VANET acts as form of MANET that is accountable for
rendering interaction among vehicles as well as fixed equipments generally defined like road
side equipments. The term comprises of three words, they are:
 Vehicle: The machine that is being utilized for transportation of goods or people.
Significant levels of enhancements have been made within vehicles since their arrival as
per the needs of customers.
 Ad-hoc: The term implies dealing with special conditions as this can occur instead of
functions that might repeat themselves on the regular interval. For an instance
infrastructure system is the one that is completely automated as well as deployed and it
works as per certain predefined rules as well as regulations (Grajeda, Breitinger and
Baggili, 2017).
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 Networks: The system that comprises of computers, connected nodes and many more
aspects. The reason behind making use of this term is that the resources are restricted and
this makes it important to have optimized utilization.
As per Horsman, (2019), Vehicular connectivity is regarded like essential application that
adds up extra value into car industry along with services of the operator. By considering
continuous growth within the automotive market, there is a significant increase within the
demands for safety of the car, driven via governmental or regulatory domain. This implies that
there is potential impact of car-to-car connectivity. Such kinds of systems are apt for wider
spectrum of applications that comprises fleet control, traffic and safety (Horsman, 2019) There
are distinct concerns related with security, architecture, QoS, performance along with routing
that must be investigated. The impact of VANET on the automobile industry can be understood
by taking into consideration applications that are being rendered by this, they are specified
beneath:
 Co-operative collision warning: This is on OBU-to-OBU (here OBU implies on-board
unit) safety applications that involves in case if any abrupt alteration within driving
direction or speed takes place then vehicle is regarded as abnormal. In this context, the
warming message will be delivered to the automobiles that are following specific vehicle
so that they can know about the potential danger (Hussain, Hussain and Zeadally, 2019).
This application needs relevant broadcasting algorithm that has very small latency.
 Lane change warning: It is an OBU-to-OBU safety application where driver of the
vehicle will warn other vehicles about the intent to change to the other lane as well as
book up empty space within the lane that is being approached. Here, the application is
entirely dependent on the broadcasting.
 Intersection collision warning: At the point of intersection, the centralized nodes are
accountable for warning approaching vehicles with reference to the potential accidents as
well as aid them within identification of appropriate approaching speed (Joseph and
Norman, 2019). For an example General Motors in the year 2007 have announced first
automated collision avoidance system that makes use of vehicle-to-vehicle interaction. In
case if driver do not respond to the alerts then vehicle will themselves bring into safe stop
with intent for avoiding collision.
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 Approaching emergency vehicles: With reference to this aspect, the emergency vehicles
such as police car or ambulance can generate the warning signals for other vehicles so
that lane can be cleared. This aspect is also based on the concept of broadcasting.
 Rollover warning: The RSU (roadside unit) that is localized at the critical curves will
broadcast information related with curve angle as well as conditions of the road. This will
enable approaching vehicle for identification of maximum potential approaching speed
before the rollover.
The different applications of disruptive innovations that are VANET technology have been
illustrated in context of road safety (Karampidis, Kavallieratou and Papadourakis, 2018). They
are being provided with intent to acknowledge the impact that is created by disruptive
innovations in the manner the vehicles operate on the road.
Section-2.4: Existing literature studies made on the automobile industry and cloud forensic.
According to Khan and et. al, (2020), the cloud forensics is referred to as cross discipline
that prevails among cloud computing as well as digital forensics. In this context, cloud forensics
is actual application within the digital forensics that is accountable for overseeing crimes that are
committed over cloud as well as investigates it. The cloud computing is dependent on network
that have spread globally. This implies that cloud forensics is subset of network forensics. There
are 3 main dimensions associated with this, they are illustrated beneath:
 Technical dimension: This comprises of tools that are needed for performing forensic
investigations within the cloud computing environment. This comprises of live forensics,
data collection, evidence segregation, proactive measures along with virtualised
environment. It implies process for gathering information, labelling this along with
recording it (Kumari and Mohapatra, 2016). It is important that data that is being stored
within the infrastructure that are located at providers end. The procedures along with
tools must be developed and might vary according to the cloud deployment as well as
service model that is utilised.
 Organizational dimension: This is considered when two distinct parties are being
involved; they are cloud consumer as well as cloud service providers. The investigation
further enhances when services are being outsourced. It becomes important to have
interaction with third parties in order to have expertise within their investigation.
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 Legal dimension: This needs formulation of regulations along with agreement for
making sure that forensic activities will not breach any kind of regulations and laws
within the jurisdiction in which information resides. This also involves that
confidentiality of clients is not compromised. It means that service level agreement
(SLA) must take place among users along with service providers (Li and et. al, 2020). It
illustrates that there are certain guidelines and terms that will aid ongoing forensic
investigation. This involves techniques, service and access that will be rendered via
CSP’s for their customers while conducting investigation. Trust, roles, boundaries and
responsibilities among CSP and customer has to be illustrated clearly.
Basically, cloud forensic implies applications related with digital forensics within the
cloud computing like subnet of network forensics for gathering as well as preserving evidence in
manner that are apt for presenting within the court of law. Safety within the VANET technology
is a critical concern as humans are at stake as this involves concerns such as integrity,
availability and confidentiality. Security within VANET specifies identification of responsibility
of driver while ensuring their privacy. But the technology is exposed to different attacks along
with threats as the advantage that is being rendered via computational capabilities is not feasible
enough within the normal ad-hoc networks (Mansour and et. al, 2018). This comprises of
confidentiality (information gathering, traffic analysis and eavesdropping), authentication &
identification (GPS spoofing, tunnelling, masquerade, replay and message tempering), integrity
(message suppression, masquerade and fabrication) and availability (jamming, denial of service,
malware and black hole attack). These are certain attack that takes place within the automobile
industry while opting for disruptive innovation that is VANET.
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