The Impact of Diversity on the Nursing Healthcare Environment Report

This report investigates the impact of diversity within the nursing healthcare environment, addressing the problem of culturally incompetent care in a diverse patient population. It highlights the importance of cultural competency among healthcare professionals, particularly nurses, to improve patient satisfaction, safety, and overall quality of care. The study aims to assess nurses' perceptions of diversity, identify challenges in providing culturally sensitive care, and propose recommendations for improvement, such as training and curriculum development. The methodology involves a quantitative research design using surveys distributed to nurses at a hospital in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. The report analyzes data to understand the relationship between diversity, cultural competency, and patient outcomes, emphasizing the need for a diverse and inclusive healthcare workforce to address health disparities and enhance patient care.

Running head: THE IMPACT OF DIVERSITY IN NURSING HEALTHCARE
ENVIRONMENT 1
The Impact of Diversity in Nursing Healthcare Environment

THE IMPACT OF DIVERSITY IN NURSING HEALTHCARE ENVIRONMENT 2
Problem statement:
In medical services provision, the environment of nursing health care is a major concern
exhibited by professionals which affected the quality of care. For maintaining the empowering
environment, health professionals provide additional services so that the patient feels empowered
and safe. However, Creech et al. (2017), highlighted that diversity in the workplace especially
the inclusion of the multi-cultural professionals in the clinical setting not only improve the
quality of safe and responsive care but also increase patient satisfaction. In the clinical setting,
patients from the diverse culture are seeking clinical assistance where culturally incompetent
services may reduce the quality of care and violate nursing ethics of beneficence and dignity of
the patient (Lin et al., 2019). Hence, incorporating diverse health professionals with cultural
competency become increasingly important, especially for nurses.
Aim of the study:
In the clinical setting, diverse health care referred to the health care services where
health care providers consider race, gender, ethnicity, background, and cultural and religious
belief. Hence, when patients from the multicultural background are subjected to homogenous
health care environment, they experience health care disparities. In this context, Colet et al.
(2015) a significant number of the patients do not seek clinical assistance due to highly
homologous environment of the health care for serving patients from diverse demographics and
culture. The prime reason behind this is that perception of the intervention and quality of the care
differs for the population of diverse culture which further intensifying the greater need of the
cultural competency in the health care where professionals acknowledge the cultural values and
beliefs of the patients (Alshehry, 2018).

THE IMPACT OF DIVERSITY IN NURSING HEALTHCARE ENVIRONMENT 3
In the clinical field, a high number of the middle-aged nurses are present and due to
slowly changing diverse workforce they failed to provide culturally competent care which further
affected the quality of the care in patient and nursing practice. Betancourt et al. (2016), the
average number of nurses present in the clinical field and significantly amplified from 39 to 43
years of age. However, in the recent era, young professionals who are joining in the clinical field
are coming from a diverse cultural background with diverse training for providing culturally
competent care to the patients. Sheeran et al. (2016), highlighted that 70% of young nurses who
are joining in the field white, non-Hispanic and have experience supporting patients from a
diverse background. In this case, Almutairi et al. (2019), mentioned that cultural competency is
the most desired attribute in health care and in organizations for ensuring better health care
services. Almutairi (2015). Highlighted that improvement in the cultural competency improve
patient satisfaction and improve collaborative practice. The medical institutions and teaching
hospitals are required to use cultural competency as the model in order to retain the talent of the
workforce from the diverse cultural background and gain a competitive advantage over other
health care organizations.
Sheeran et al. (2016) note that for few decades, Saudi Arabia as a nation only consisted of
light-skinned individuals; diversity in health care and diverse workforce with freedom of the
patient to select from an array of culturally competent doctors were dream achievement.
However, in the recent era, two-thirds of the practicing nurses in Saudi Arabia are male,
indicating that gender stereotypes are reduced over the years. Baqi et al. (2017) highlighted that
there is very little information are present regarding sexual bias in the clinical field as majority
of professionals admitted that they were afraid of being discriminated. In the recent era, LGBTQ

THE IMPACT OF DIVERSITY IN NURSING HEALTHCARE ENVIRONMENT 4
individuals are represented in the medical professions. Hence, diverse health care with cultural
competency improves quality services to the patients.
Objective:
The specific objective of the study is following:
 To involve recruit health care professionals such as nurses, midwives and other
professionals from diverse background in the health care sectors for providing
culturally safe practice to the culturally diverse patient.
The general objective of the study is following:
 To provide training and knowledge to the health professionals for gathering skills
for cultural competency and providing culturally safe care to the professionals.
Methodology:
Research design:
The research design is a framework of methods chosen by researchers in order to obtain
the accurate and desired result of the research. Thus it is crucial to choose appropriate research
design in order to gather accurate result with minimum bias. Hence, this research is aimed to
conduct a quantitative study for identifying the perception of the nurses in the diverse health
care, challenges they experience and possible recommendation to implement diverse health care.
Jahan and Al-Saigul (2017), highlighted that quantitative research design is the best suitable
method as it provides the opportunity to examine the relationship between two variable and
provide a numerical representation of the result. Hence, this paper will use the survey method in

THE IMPACT OF DIVERSITY IN NURSING HEALTHCARE ENVIRONMENT 5
quantitative research design to collect data from the population. Saquib (2018), highlighted that
survey consists of a questionnaire which is used for gaining the understanding of the perception
of the sample from the responses by them. Moreover, the advantage of using a sample is that it
provides a numerical result, represents a large number of population within a short period of
time.
Population and sampling:
This research is aiming to identify the perception of the nurses in the diverse health care,
challenges they experience and possible recommendation to implement diverse health care.
Hence, the target population for this research would be nurses of King Faisal specialist hospital
and research center in Riyadh. The target population is chosen to understand the perception of
nurses on diverse culture and the underlying factors. The sample size of the research would be 75
nurses who would be chosen randomly from the hospital.
Data collection:
The survey would be conducted through the online platform where the questionnaire
would be provided to each nurse in the personal and official email. The remainder would be
provided to each participant through emails each week. The responses would be also collected
through the official or personal email of the participants.
Data analysis:
Data analysis is the procedure of analyzing data which was gathered in the data
collection process in order to know the results for expressing conclusion. In this research, in
order to analyze the quantitative data that was collected, survey descriptive statistics can be used
by taking into account the mean, median, mode and standard deviation along with the percentage

THE IMPACT OF DIVERSITY IN NURSING HEALTHCARE ENVIRONMENT 6
of distribution. In order to find the correlation between the underpinning factors and perceptions
of the participants with their behavior, the Pearson correlation statistics have been used. For
quantitative examination, both MS-Excel, as well as SPSS data analysis software, can be used. It
will further provide a numerical result of the collected data.
Survey question:
For ordinal variables such as age, experience and challenges, the left most option will be
assigned as one and the right most option would be assigned as five in ascending order.
What is your Gender Male Female Others
What is your Age 15 to 24 25 to 35 36 to 45 46 to 60 60 +
What is your speciality Psychi
atry
oncology Orthopaedi
c
medicine Cardiolog
y
How long have you been staying in
the hospital
<1 year 1 to 5 year 5 to 10
years
More
than 10
Permanent
resident
Do you think about culturally diverse
workplace is better?
strongly
Agree
Agree Sometimes Disagree Strongly
disagree
Do you think it improves patient
safety
strongly
Agree
Agree Sometimes Disagree Strongly
disagree

THE IMPACT OF DIVERSITY IN NURSING HEALTHCARE ENVIRONMENT 7
Do you think it improves quality of
care
strongly
Agree
Agree Sometimes Disagree Strongly
Disagree
Do you prefer to have culturally
diverse environment to improve
professional skills
strongly
Agree
Agree Sometimes Disagree Strongly
Disagree
Rate your cultural competency 1 2 3 4 5
What are the challenges you face
while providing care to the culturally
diverse patient?
Langua
ge
Cultural
values and
beliefs
Religious
values and
belief
Professio
nal terms
Dignity
Do you think in recent era, the
cultural competency improved?
strongly
Agree
Agree Sometimes Disagree Strongly
Disagree
Are you comfortable in providing
cross cultural care?
strongly
Agree
strongly
Agree
Sometimes Disagree Strongly
Disagree
Rate your adaptability in the diversity
of workplace
1 2 3 4 5
What are recommendation for cultural
competency?
Trainin
g
Workshops curriculum Culturall
y diverse
backgroun
d
Clinical
supervision
Do you think it will improve patient
satisfaction?
strongly
Agree
Agree Sometimes Disagree Strongly
Disagree

THE IMPACT OF DIVERSITY IN NURSING HEALTHCARE ENVIRONMENT 8
Do you think organization can
contribute to cultural competency
strongly
Agree
Agree Sometimes Disagree Strongly
Disagree

THE IMPACT OF DIVERSITY IN NURSING HEALTHCARE ENVIRONMENT 9
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Almutairi, A. F., Salam, M., Adlan, A. A., & Alturki, A. S. (2019). Prevalence of severe moral
distress among healthcare providers in Saudi Arabia. Psychology research and
behavior management, 12, 107.
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6375112/
Almutairi, K. M. (2015). Culture and language differences as a barrier to provision of quality
care by the health workforce in Saudi Arabia. Saudi medical journal, 36(4), 425.
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4404475/
Alshehry, A. (2018). Spirituality and spiritual care competence among expatriate nurses
working in Saudi Arabia. Religions, 9(12), 384.
Baqi, S., Albalbeesi, A., Iftikhar, S., Baig-Ansari, N., Alanazi, M., & Alanazi, A. (2017).
Perceptions of gender equality, work environment, support and social issues for
women doctors at a university hospital in Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. PloS
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Betancourt, J. R., Green, A. R., Carrillo, J. E., & Owusu Ananeh-Firempong, I. I. (2016).
Defining cultural competence: a practical framework for addressing racial/ethnic
disparities in health and health care. Public health reports.
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1497553/pdf/12815076.pdf
Colet, P. C., Cruz, J. P., Cruz, C. P., Al-Otaibi, J., Qubeilat, H., & Alquwez, N. (2015). Patient
safety competence of nursing students in Saudi Arabia: a self-reported

THE IMPACT OF DIVERSITY IN NURSING HEALTHCARE ENVIRONMENT 10
survey. International journal of health sciences, 9(4), 418.
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Creech, C., Filter, M., Wehbe-Alamah, H., McFarland, M. R., Andrews, M., & Pryor, G. (2017).
An intervention to improve cultural competence in graduate nursing
education. Nursing education perspectives, 38(6), 333.
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6372052/
Jahan, S., & Al-Saigul, A. M. (2017). Primary health care research in Saudi Arabia: A
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https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5426411/
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https://journals.plos.org/plosone/article?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0220944
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