Biology Essay: Energy Acquisition and Adaptations in Life Domains

This essay provides a comprehensive overview of the three domains of life: Eukarya, Bacteria, and Archaea, focusing on how organisms within these domains adapt to their environments and acquire energy. The introduction defines living organisms and their classification, highlighting the diver...Read More

BIOLOGY

Table of Contents
INTRODUCTION...........................................................................................................................1
MAIN BODY...................................................................................................................................1
CONCLUSION................................................................................................................................3
REFERENCES................................................................................................................................4

INTRODUCTION
Living organism is defined as the any individual that contain the life of property. This
also refers as living form of life. The living organism are classified with base of taxonomy into
various group such as multicellular animal and plants. Or unicellular microorganism such as
protist, bacteria and archaea (Grant and et. al., 2018). In addition to this, these are called domain
of life and they grow effectively in various diversity which help them to generate energy. This
report state about various aspect of life domain and how they form energy. The functional
adaptations which is take by these organism in context with environment and all upon this, a
brief analysis is drive for this report for better understanding.
MAIN BODY
DNA sequence comparison and structural and biochemical comparison usually create and
type between three living organism such as Bacteria, Archaea and Eukaryote. In this Eukaryote
is also called as Eukaryotes. In this both of the Bacteria and Archaea are prokaryote which s
single cell organism and not visible with naked eyes and they do not contain any type of nucleus.
Eukaryote include animal, plant, fungi and single cell organism. In addition to this they have
DNA but they enclose their DNA units apart from the rest of cell (Castellano-Hinojosa and et.
al., 2018).
Prokaryote have been ability to grow and gain energy from any type of environment.
They used to take any energy source and and carbon sources which is taken. They fill with
various niche on earth such as nutrient cycle such as nitrogen and carbon cycle. They also active
in decomposing dead matters Including humans. They use energy as phototroph which obtain
energy from sunlight and chemotrophs which means taking energy from chemical compound.
Prokaryote not only use various sources of energy but also several sources of carbon.
The Archaea are the prokaryote which contain no nuclear membrane but they are distinct
in their biochemistry and RNA marker from bacteria. The Archaeans posses unique evolution
history which is considered some of oldest species of organism on earth. Such example of
Archaeal organism are methanogens, halophiles and thermoacidophiles.
In eukaryotes they are taking energy from various source such as photolithoautotrophs in
algae and plants which derive energy from the mineral and by light and somehow mineral
sources are called chemo-organoheterotrophs which is animals, fungi and protist. They derive
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energy source from performed organic compound. In addition to this, the carbon source which is
taken is equivalent to autotrophic metabolism include carbonated ion, bicarbonate ion and carbon
monoxide.
Bacteria are small single cell organism, bacteria are found almost everywhere on earth
which is play vital role in this ecosystem. Some species are live under extreme condition of
temperature and pressure. In addition to this, human body is full of bacteria which play essential
role in it.
Their are various prokaryote which harm human health because they act as pathogen in
body. The pathogen borne disease and plague such as both viral and bacterial which usually
negative impact in human health (Hartman and et. al., 2019). Overtime, they are used to treat as
positive by various aspect by promoting the life through bacteria and after several of research
this is analysed that they also help in promotion of health in human body by adapting various
function.
These bacteria and prokaryote are associated with human health and environment
process. In this, the bacteria inhibit skin and GIT tract as host for good thing. They usually
protect from antigen and pathogen, also help in digestion (Giudice and et. al., 2019). In addition
to this, also help in production of various vitamins and nutrient. In this, human micro biome
process of cataloguing the normal bacteria. Above all, some people who is taking high dose of
antibiotic tend to lose many of normal bacteria which allow to formulate natural gastric
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Illustration 1: energy source of prokaryote

resistance species called Clostridium difficile and this promote the growth. This create various
conflict and issue with gastric issue and if this is persist for long create diarrhoea. This is fully
treated by faecal transplant.
As per this prokaryote have significant role in biochemical cycling of nitrogen, carbon,
phosphorus and other nutrient (Westphal and et. al., 2021). Moreover, nitrogen is essential for
living organism. Because they are also part of nucleotide and amino acid that are building block
of protein in an proper manner. As per this they vital role in biological fixation is carried out by
prokaryote in order to soil bacteria, cyanobacteria and various species of living organism. In
relation to this, prokaryote are also essential for the bioremediation. The use of prokaryote is
carry out to eradicate the pollutants include in various regions. Like cultivation, chemical that
leach the soil and subsurface (Ghosh and et. al., 2020). In this the proper use of appropriate use
to clean the oil spills. Whereas, to clean the spills use inorganic nutrient that help bacteria to
grow in various areas, which interruption behind the extra hydrocarbons.
CONCLUSION
As per the above discussion, the domain of life have their different energy resources
which they observe from light and sometime by chemical compound. Their source are relevant
for the functional activities including health issue in human body. They acquire place in
haemostatic of human body which is maintained by prokaryote and eukaryotes significantly.
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REFERENCES
Books and Journals
Grant and et. al., 2018. Organelle formation in Bacteria and Archaea. Annual review of cell and
developmental biology, 34, pp.217-238.
Castellano-Hinojosa and et. al., 2018. New concepts in anaerobic digestion processes: recent
advances and biological aspects. Applied microbiology and biotechnology, 102(12),
pp.5065-5076.
Hartman and et. al., 2019. Survey of high-resolution archaeal virus structures. Current opinion in
virology, 36, pp.74-83.
Westphal and et. al., 2021. Functional production of an archaeal ATP synthase with a V-type c
subunit in Escherichia coli. Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA)-Bioenergetics,
p.148378.
Ghosh and et. al., 2020. Enhanced biogas production from municipal solid waste via co-
digestion with sewage sludge and metabolic pathway analysis. Bioresource
technology, 296, p.122275.
Giudice and et. al., 2019. Microbial symbionts of antarctic marine benthic invertebrates. In The
Ecological Role of Micro-organisms in the Antarctic Environment (pp. 277-296).
Springer, Cham.
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