Dynamics of Quran and Islamic Culture: Eschatology Analysis

This essay provides a detailed analysis of eschatology as presented in the Quran, exploring the concept of the final end, the afterlife, and the Day of Judgment. It compares and contrasts the Quranic perspective with the eschatological views found in the Hebrew Bible and the New Testament, highlighting similarities and differences in the processes of ending and the factors influencing the afterlife. The essay also examines the Muslim commentators' interpretations of the signs of the last days, including geographical signs, prominent symbols, and moral decay. Furthermore, it delves into the politico-religious aspects of eschatology as interpreted in the Quran, including the role of Jesus and the influence of other religions. Overall, the essay offers a comprehensive understanding of eschatology within the context of Islamic culture and its relation to other religious traditions.

Running head: DYNAMICS OF QURAN AND ISLAMIC CULTURE: ESCHATOLOGY
DYNAMICS OF QURAN AND ISLAMIC CULTURE: ESCHATOLOGY
Name of the Student:
Name of the University
Author Note

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DYNAMICS OF QURAN AND ISLAMIC CULTURE: ESCHATOLOGY
Executive Summary
The aim of the report is to make a clear conceptualization of eschatology as mentioned in Quran.
The main purpose of the report is to offer a clear understanding of the idea of eschatology
regarding Islamic culture and thereby analyze its importance. The report intends to show that
how the central idea of eschatology is prevalent in all the religion. This report takes mainly
Islamic and Christianity in context for the explanation of ‘Afterlife’.

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DYNAMICS OF QURAN AND ISLAMIC CULTURE: ESCHATOLOGY
Table of Contents
Introduction......................................................................................................................................3
The description of final ending in Quran:........................................................................................4
Eschatological comparison of Quran with Hebrew Bible and New Testament:.............................4
Vision of Muslim observers upon Quaranic vision of last days:.....................................................6
Geographical signs.......................................................................................................................6
Prominent signs and cipher..........................................................................................................6
Moral decay, Hellfire and Brimstone..........................................................................................6
Politico-Religious concept in eschatology as interpreted in Quran:................................................6
Conclusion.......................................................................................................................................7
Reference List..................................................................................................................................8

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Introduction
The Quran, being the most pious and sacred holy book of Islamic culture contains the
details about the religion. A complete canvas draws out the evolution, the continuation and the
absolute end of the culture and manhood is that can be defined as Quran. The term Eschatology
can be defined as the study of the final ending. Eschatology is an elaborate part of the Quran and
is segmented into two parts, the life after death and the end of the world (Vos). The Quran tries
to emphasize on is the theory of sin and virtue, the concept of resurrection and judgment.
Thesis Statement
The concept of eschatology is more or less similar in the Quran, Hebrew Bible and
NewTestament however, the only difference lies in the way life ends and the corresponding
factors of afterlife. The report will focus on the compare and contrast of the process on ending of
life.
The description of final ending in Quran:
The ultimate end is described as inevitable and cannot be escaped in any way, how so
ever powerful a person or a beast may. The holy Quran in a very picturesque manner describes
that a final horn will be blown out to announce the death of each man in the world. The death
would be witnessed on by the almighty and not a single life can escape from the final dooms day.
All the existence including the earth would be sinking down and no evidence of life would be
left. The earth and the mountains would be lifted by some eternal power and then both the two
would be crushed and clashed with each other to ensure that no signs of life remain. There once
more would be another blow of the trumpet and all the human beings would be presented before

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the Allah to account for their sins and virtue that has been done by them in their entire life
(Longenecker).
The blow of the trumpet however also carries another connotation. It refers to
reformation, according to the will of God.
The Quran also asserts that the concept of resurrection, that is life after death is not new
and has been talked about by early prophets through ages. In Islamic culture, the mortal death of
an individual is not considered as the final end. There is a firm belief that each creature has to go
through the process of resurrection. However, the concept of after life is different in New
Testament and in Hebrew Bible.
Eschatological comparison of Quran with Hebrew Bible and New Testament:
Before the comparison, it is imperative to understand the origin of Hebrew Bible and the
New Testament. Hebrew Bible is the Jewish bible that contains the sacred contents of Judaism
(Khan and Ali 11-24). The New Testament is the Christian Bible that mainly contains the life of
Jesus Christ and his early followers. The sections of the books differ, though the contents
regarding the apocalypse remain similar.
The concept of eschatology is more or less similar in the Quran, Hebrew Bible and New
Testament. All the religious documents claim the inevitable end. The only difference lies in the
process of ending.
In the Quran, the humans are paid for their deeds during their lifetime after death. The
judgments are made by the Allah ad each man is accountable to him for their sins and virtue

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(Allen). A man can attain salvation only if the amount of good deeds exceeds the sins. The
decision of Allah is final and unquestionable.
Whereas, on the other hand, New Testament claims that Christian believers can
attain salvation only on the will of Jesus. The idea of sin and virtue does not enact here as in
Islamic culture. Attaining salvation is independent of the sinful act or the virtuous act performed
by man during his lifetime. Man is not accountable to the all mighty for the deeds. However a
sinful a man may be, can attain salvation in the will of Jesus.
In the Hebrew Bible, the al-mighty is not named as it is in the Quran or New
Testament. Yet, until the late modern age, the Jewish sustained a belief of standing before god
after death. It believes in the immortality of the soul whereas the body would be decomposed.
The body will be later recomposed on the will of god only to present the human before god for
the judgment. However, it does have the idea of afterlife. The final end is described in a
picturesque manner which would bring all the Diaspora of Jews into a sea line before the end.
Reformation or Jewish Messiah would take place and the dead would be revived. Thus, the
ending is yet another time different from Quran and New Testament.
Vision of Muslim observers upon Quranic vision of last days:
The Muslim commentators observed that the last day would be enough significant and
would be noticeable. That is some clear signs will mark the advent of the end. The signs that the
commentators talked about regarding the final days are as follows:
Geographical signs: It was prophesized by prophet Muhammad that Islam would win over
Christians at Dabiq, that would initiate eschatology.

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Prominent signs and cipher: Muslim commentators elaborated the Quarinic visions of
eschatology in symbolic manner. That is the final arrival of the dooms day would be marked by
symbols like the folding of the sun and the twisting of the oceans. Dramatic events like turning
down of the graves will also occur to mark the final ending, as has been described by
commentators.
Moral decay, Hellfire and Brimstone: The commentators explained that towards the nearing
end there would be prominent moral decay among the inhabitants of earth (Romaniuk 186). Men
would not be retained with anymore of religious knowledge and there would be rampant increase
in number of women against men. Consumption of alcoholic drinks would be very common.
Politico-Religious concept in eschatology as interpreted in Quran:
The idea of eschatology in Quran talk not only about the eschatology related to Islamic
culture but has a great volume of Christian eschatology as well. To be simplified, the idea of
Christianity is indispensible from the Islamic eschatology part in the Quran. There is prominent
appearance of Christianity in the eschatological description in the Quran. The revival of Jesus is
marked towards the end of eschatological description in the Quran. It is portrayed that Jesus will
be descending from the heavens to save Islamic culture from the hands of cruelty. The great deal
of the presence of other religion is also well mentioned in the list of apostles of Quran (Sievers).
There are twenty-eight apostles as the Quran listed and the most of the apostles are of Biblical
origin, that is, are Christians. Noah, Adam, Abraham and Moses or Jesus are some of the few
note worthy apostles that has been listed in the Quran.

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Jesus appears at the end in Islamic version, as held by Muslim scholars. Political
contamination of religion is very much transparent with the advent of Jesus in Islamic
appearance. Politics is deeply imbibed making Islam as the only and supreme power on the earth.
Jesus as shown as a fitting description of the ‘false prophet’ regarded as Isa Al Maseeh. Later Isa
Al Maseesh is described as a destroyer of all Christian crosses and forceful converter of all
Christians into Islamic religion. The Christians refusing to adapt Islamic religion is brutally
murdered to death.
Conclusion
The report talks about the concept of eschatology as presented in the Quran. The process
of ultimate end is described and compared to the process of eschatology in other cultures.
The report shows a comparison of Quran, Hebrew Bible and New Testament in terms of
eschatology. Eschatology is not only about the end but also marks a new beginning, a
reformation. The report sheds light on the political aspects and the religious aspects of the
eschatological concept. There is an elaborate discussion about the views of Muslim scholars
interpreting eschatology in Quran.

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Reference List
Khan, Sardaraz, and Roslan Ali. "conceptualisation of death and resurrection in the holy quran: a
cognitive-semantic approach." Journal of Nusantara Studies (JONUS) 1.2 (2016): 11-24.
Longenecker, Bruce. Eschatology and the covenant: a comparison of 4 Ezra and Romans 1-11.
Bloomsbury Publishing, 2015.
Sievers, Joseph. "“Where Two or Three...”: Shekhinah and Matthew 18: 20: Foundations for
Jewish-Christian Dialogue and Beyond?." Claritas: Journal of Dialogue and Culture 6.1 (2017):
4.
The Koran. WH Allen, 1930
Vos, Geerhardus. Pauline Eschatology. Ravenio Books, 2015.