E-business Report: Mobile, E-commerce, B2B, B2C, and Database Analysis

This report delves into various facets of e-business, encompassing the development of mobile websites and applications, along with an exploration of e-commerce payment systems. It examines B2C and B2B business models, highlighting their significance in the e-business landscape. The report also covers database management, crucial for storing and accessing data, along with local and location-based marketing strategies. Furthermore, it analyzes the online retail sector, including the integration of online and offline operations and the use of Big Data for predictive marketing. The report also discusses social, mobile, and local marketing, the e-commerce marketing and advertising concepts, and the online consumer behavior. The report also highlights the eight key elements of a business model. The report concludes with a discussion on building an e-commerce presence, including website and mobile site development and applications.

Running Head: E-business
E-business

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Contents
Development of the mobile web site and building mobile applications......................................................2
References...............................................................................................................................................4
E-commerce payment system.....................................................................................................................5
References...............................................................................................................................................7
B2C Business Models and B2B Business Models.........................................................................................8
References...............................................................................................................................................9
Databases..................................................................................................................................................11
References.............................................................................................................................................13
Local and location-based marketing..........................................................................................................14
References.............................................................................................................................................16
Online retail sector....................................................................................................................................17
References.............................................................................................................................................19

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Slide no – 48- 53
Portfolio- 1
Development of the mobile web site and building mobile applications
Today development is taking place across the world. Similarly development of the mobile web
site and building mobile applications is increasing day by day. There are different types of m-
commerce software used by the company to develop a mobile website. M-commerce software
includes a mobile web site, mobile web app, native app and hybrid app. The companies have to
plan and build a mobile presence. If a business select Mobile web site or web app it will be less
expensive as compared to the other (Yamagata, Coppola, Kowtko, and Joyce, 2013). The
company can also select native app which is a device hardware it can be used by a customer if
he/she is offline.
Development of mobile website is not easy to be done. To conduct this procedure company need
to plan. Planning of mobile website is done by the company considering the objective and goals
of the company (Pink, 2016). The company needs to fetch the required information to
accomplish the procedure of the planning of the mobile website. Mobile web site is only possible
because of the use of the advanced technologies by the company. Mobile website enhances the
convenience of the customers for making payments and checking details on a website. There is a
development of some of the unique features that are must to take care while designing a mobile
web (Jobe, 2013). These features need to take care by the company for achieving the activity
efficiently and effectively.
Feature Implications for mobile platforms
Hardware Mobile hardware is so small for the storage. There is an availability of the more

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resources for storage and processing power.
Connectivity The mobile web site is constrained by slower connection speeds as compared to
the desktop web sites.
Displays The displayed availability of the mobile sites is much smaller than the desktop
website. This impact the visibility of the images.
Interface Traditional mouse and keyboard interface now change with the touch screen
technology. The mobile platform can't be a good data entry tool; it can be good
navigation tool (Farman, 2013).
Development of the mobile website is not an easy task to be performed. Design of the mobile
sites plays an important role. The design consideration includes platform constraints, mobile first
design, responsive web design, and adaptive web design. The design consideration includes
responsive web design (RWD) and adaptive web design (AWD). RWD helps the CSS site to
adjust the layout of a site that needs to be done according to device screen resolutions. On the
other hand, AWD serves delivers unique and numerous templates or versions of the site that
optimized for the device.
Mobile app development also consists of cross platform tool. C and Java are used for developing
a mobile app. There is a presence of some low-cost open source that includes Appery.io, Codiqa,
PhoneGap, MoSync, Appcelerator. Business tries to provide a mobile website to the customers
that are basically the resizing of existing app (Iacob, Harrison, and Faily, 2013). For the
development of the mobile web app companies can utilize browser API. The most expensive app
is a Native app which is generally avoided by the company as it requires more programming.

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References
Farman, J., 2013. Mobile interface theory: Embodied space and locative media. Routledge.
Iacob, C., Harrison, R. and Family, S., 2013, November. Online reviews as first class artifacts in
mobile app development. In International Conference on Mobile Computing, Applications, and
Services (pp. 47-53). Springer, Cham. Jobe, W., 2013. Native Apps vs. Mobile Web Apps.
International Journal of Interactive Mobile Technologies, 7(4).
Pink, S., 2016. Digital ethnography (p. 161). Springer.
Yamagata, C., Coppola, J.F., Kowtko, M. and Joyce, S., 2013, May. Mobile app development
and usability research to help dementia and Alzheimer patients. In Systems, Applications, and
Technology Conference (LISAT), 2013 IEEE Long Island (pp. 1-6). IEEE.

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Slide no- 38-47
Portfolio- 2
E-commerce payment system
E-commerce payment system is becoming convenient for customers. The most common mode of
making the online payment is credit and debit cards in the US. Some other Electronic payment
modes consist of a smart card, E-money, Electronic Fund transfer, visa checks out, WUpay,
Dwolla, etc. (Rodriguez, Smith, and Spinac, 2014).
There are certain limitations of credit card payment that includes the security risk, cost and social
equity (Roy, and Venkateswaran, 2014). The image talks about the working of the online
transactions. The process of making the online payment starts with the customer who purchases a
product. It also ends with the customers when a customer pay monthly instalment to the
merchant bank. In this process, consumer made a purchase from the merchant trader through the
internet (i.e. online payment). The merchant contacts the clearing house for the payment, the
bank works as a clearing house. Clearing house verifies the account and balance with issuing
bank. Issuing bank credits merchant account and at the same time takes monthly statement issued
with debt for purchase.

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The customer uses mobile phones as payment devices; which is basically established in Europe
and Asia. It is expanding in the US; a customer is making payments with the use of Apple Pay,
Samsung Pay, Pay Pal, Android Pay, and Square. Mobile or social peer-to-peer payment systems
can be done. Digital cash and virtual currencies can be utilized by the company. For instance,
Bitcoin is generated which can be used by the companies in the real world. Linden dollar can be
used for purchasing virtual goods. EBPP (electronic billing presentment and payment) model can
be used by customers (Dillman, Smyth, and Christian, 2014).
To safeguard the payment e-business Companies follows certain security measures that ensure
the customer's details are in safe hand. Encryption, digital signature, and security certificated
measured used by the company. This makes sure that the details are safe, authentic and verified.
The most common way of making payment is credit card and debit card in e-business. In credit
card, the bank pays on the behalf of customers which customers have to repay to them on time.
On the other hand in the debit card whatever payment made amount gets deducted from the
customer’s account. Nowadays, Electronic Fund transfer and e-money are becoming popular. E-
business follows security protocol to ensure the security of the authentication, encryption,
integrity, and non-reputability of the transactions taking place. The major threat to the e-
commerce environment is security. Most common threats include hacking, cyber vandalism and
data breach.
The security plan should be managed by the company for enhancing the customer satisfaction.
To avoid the risk in the payment procedure Company implement the security policy. The
implementation of the plan may include the security from the organization side; access should
only be given to the authentic people. The company can make the use of the biometrics for

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enhancing the security. Authorization policies along with the authorization management systems
are required in an organization.
Private and public cooperation need to take care of the laws and policy related to the US-CERT
and Homeland Security Act. There are some of the laws that give authorities tools for identifying
tracing, prosecuting cyber criminals. These laws are USA Patriot Act and Homeland Security
Act.
References
Dillman, D.A., Smyth, J.D. and Christian, L.M., 2014. Internet, phone, mail, and mixed-mode
surveys: the tailored design method. John Wiley & Sons.
Rodriguez, H., Smith, N.J. and Spinac, C.J., Toshiba Global Commerce Solutions Holding
Corporation, 2014. E-check and e-commerce. U.S. Patent 8,645,241.
Roy, S. and Venkateswaran, P., 2014, March. Online payment system using steganography and
visual cryptography. In Electrical, Electronics and Computer Science (SCEECS), 2014 IEEE
Students' Conference on (pp. 1-5). IEEE.

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Slide no- 18-31
Portfolio- 3
B2C Business Models and B2B Business Models
The most common business model that is used by the companies includes B2B model and B2C
model. The business model B2B defines when the product directly sold to an intermediate to
make it available for final customers. It includes E-distributor, E-procurement, exchange, and
Industry consortium net marketplaces. B2C; The deal conducted directly with the customer. The
website offers service variety of products and services, and then the customer’s select- place and
order which company delivers to the customer directly (Guo, Wei, Sharma, and Rong, 2017).
These models have a different role in the e-business industry. E-commerce business models are
categorized into e-commerce sectors and technology. Companies like e-bay use multiples
business models. B2C business models consist of E-trailer, community provider, content
provider, etc.
E-trailer; it is basically known as an online version of a traditional retailer. The merchant
included are a virtual merchant, bricks and click, catalog merchant and manufacturer-direct
(Hartmann, Zaki, Feldmann, and Neely, 2014). Community provider defines as the social
network where people having a similar interest can share the information. Revenue models in
this community include typically hybrid, combining advertising, etc. content provider; it includes
the content which is available in the form of news, music, video, etc. portal; it includes combine
a package of the content and services. Businesses earn revenue through advertising, referral fees
and transaction fees. Transaction broker is used by the industries like finance, travel and job
placement. These industries earn revenue through transaction fees (Gilani, 2017).

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A market creator is a most common model that is used by the companies like eBay, Priceline,
etc. there are some businesses like Google, that adopt a model of a service provider which is
basically to provide services to the customers. These models create an impact on processes and
outcomes of the organizations. The organization makes some strategies according to the business
model and a different model is suitable for different industries.
The B2B business model includes different net marketplaces such as e-distributor, E-
procurement, Exchange, and industry consortium. In B2B business there is a presence of private
industrial network (Reim, Parida, and Örtqvist, 2015). Taking about B2B e-distributor it includes
the retail and wholesale store. For instance, Grainger is leading company who work as an e-
distributor. E-procurement includes the digital market where a customer can transact for indirect
goods. For example – Ariba whose revenue model is a service fee, supply chain management,
and fulfillment services. Exchange model of business creates competition between the suppliers
which lead to drop in the number of exchanges dramatically. Exchanges business model will
help companies to earn profit through transaction and commission fees. Industry consortia is one
of the business models which is more successful than exchanges. This model is sponsored by
powerful industry players and that strengthen traditional purchasing behavior. SupplyOn is an
example of this model. The businesses need to adapt either B2B business model or B2C business
model according to the industries they can make an effective choice. According the strategic
goals and objectives company can easily decide which business models they need to select for
their business activities.
References
Gilani, N., 2017, Types of E-Business Models, viewed on 18th August 2017,
http://yourbusiness.azcentral.com/types-ebusiness-models-1144.html

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Guo, L., Wei, S.Y., Sharma, R. and Rong, K., 2017. Investigating e-business models’ value
retention for start-ups: The moderating role of venture capital investment intensity. International
Journal of Production Economics, 186, pp.33-45.
Hartmann, P.M., Zaki, M., Feldmann, N. and Neely, A., 2014. Big data for big business? A
taxonomy of data-driven business models used by start-up firms. A Taxonomy of Data-Driven
Business Models Used by Start-Up Firms (March 27, 2014).
Reim, W., Parida, V. and Örtqvist, D., 2015. Product–Service Systems (PSS) business models
and tactics–a systematic literature review. Journal of Cleaner Production, 97, pp.61-75.

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Slide no- 46-48
Portfolio- 4
Databases
Database plays an important role in storing, recording the required details. Every company
maintains a team who take care of the database management system. There is software that is
used by the company to create, maintain and access databases (Minker, 2014). Storing data and
Attributes Company can use database management system which helps to maintain and create an
effective data. SQL (Structured Query Language) is an industry standard database query and
manipulation languages that are used in a relational database. The data in the relational database
can be represented as two-dimensional tables. The tables should be organized in rows and
attributes in columns (Varian, 2014). The research team can implement the data mining technics
which is used to find the patterns in data, a model behavior of customers. On the basis of this
company will try to implement new technology.
Companies give important to the research, company implement the plans after doing research on
plans formed. Technical Research skills include a finding of the information, facts, etc. based on
the technologies implemented by the competitors (Al-Nuaimi, Mohamed, and Alekam, 2017).
The research makes it easier for the company to evaluate by seeing the graphical presentation of
the existing and emerging technologies used by the e-businesses. They make the user interface
easier for the top management so that they can easily step up towards the opportunities. This
reduces the time of the top management in understanding the figures and facts. The research
team can give technical advice to the top management related the technologies. The data
collected by the research team include the authentic sources. This becomes the competitive
advantage for the companies. The research team uses data warehouses and data mining for