Analysis of IT Infrastructure Management, E-business, and E-commerce

This report provides a comprehensive overview of IT infrastructure management and its relationship with e-business and e-commerce strategies. It begins by analyzing a case study involving Astra Zeneca and IBM, highlighting the importance of thorough research and development, and the potential pitfalls of outsourcing. The report then delves into the core concepts of e-business, categorizing it into B2B, B2C, C2C, and C2B models, and explores various e-commerce models such as drop shipping, wholesale, manufacturing, white labeling, and subscription-based e-commerce. Furthermore, it outlines essential strategies for developing effective e-commerce websites, emphasizing security, confidentiality, authentication, data integrity, non-repudiation, access control, and information availability. The conclusion stresses the significance of adopting e-business strategies and e-commerce models to meet the demands of digitization and enhance customer experiences. The report also includes a detailed list of references supporting the analysis.

Assignment
IT infrastructure Management

Contents
Task A:..................................................................................................................................................2
Task B:..................................................................................................................................................3
Introduction:......................................................................................................................................3
E-business..........................................................................................................................................3
Categories of the E-business..............................................................................................................4
E-Commerce Models.........................................................................................................................5
Strategy:............................................................................................................................................7
Conclusion.........................................................................................................................................8
References.............................................................................................................................................8

Task A:
 The mistake which the Astra Zeneca does that it depends more on IT solution rather
than performing research and development program to develop a resolution for the
increasing complexity of the business. The Astra Zeneca has signed the deal with
IBM based on outcome specification without performing R&D about the working of
the company and its suitability with their business organization. The AstraZeneca has
cancelled their outsourcing agreement with the IBM organization
 The IBM signed the agreement with the Astra Zeneca to carry out the work in
collaboration. The working structure of the Astra Zeneca is changing very rapidly
which does not match up with the changing activities of the IBM organization.
 The outsourcing contract is fix for 5 years with the business organization because it
focuses on gaining the competitive advantage by minimizing the cost spent on the
operation business plan of the enterprise. It is a strategic innovation for providing
quality of service to the customers by combining the efficiency of the other
organization to which the outsource program is fixed for carrying over the business
processes of Aztec organization such as HCL, Wipro, AT&T, and others. The
effective balance should be made between the organization functioning by
outsourcing program in the department of human resource, Marketing, facilities, and
accounting (Patricia, 2017).
 The two major corporations do such mistakes because of the difference in working
structure of the enterprise. The difference is quality provided to the customers can
result into the out breaking of the agreement signed with the companies for carrying
out the outsourcing program. The Astra Zeneca considers rumours against IBM
without performing any R&D on the IBM company working structure. The limited
knowledge against the legal issues which were raised on the IBM is the major cause
of the failure of the outsourcing project signed between IBM and Astra Zeneca.
 The 2007 SLA was doomed to fail because after a period of time the two companies
realised that some issues were exist with the agreement they signed for carryout
business outsourcing procedures. The ground breaking model was followed by the
Astra Zeneca which is difficult to maintain the good and healthy relationship with the
big organization such as IBM.

 The provision on the 2001 SLA’s protect Astra Zeneca and its vendor because it helps
in managing the hidden cost of the enterprise which can spent in carrying out the
operational plan of the enterprise. The security is provided by signing agreement of
liabilities towards each other organization so that quality of service can be provided to
the customers (Aghburu, Anza, Iyortsuun, 2017).
 The parties refer Arbitration instead of filling lawsuit in the court because it helps the
company to encourage developing a resolution for their working structure by
escalating towards hostility program. It is cheaper than signing lawsuit in the court.
The faster decision is provided in the arbitrary case. It is flexible and private
according to the companies requirement
Task B:
Title: E-Business and Ecommerce model and strategies
Introduction:
The rising boom in the technological advancement for the digitization of the traditional
working of the enterprise give rise to the deployment of E-business and associated e-
commerce model for developing effective strategies to accomplish the goal and objective of
the enterprise. The project owner is facing problem and complexity in deciding the strategies
and the e-commerce model which is best suitable for their business activities. The efficiency
of the organization can be improved with the effective development e-business website for
the enterprise. The automation in the operational working structure helps in achieving
strategic business plan of the enterprise.
E-business
The organizations are moving towards the commercial transaction of their business forum
through the platform of internet. The use of internet provides global connection to the
business activities and sailing of the product among the global customers. The use of ICT
environment in the business environment transforms the traditional working and marketing of
the product with the digital working and marketing of the products. It helps in increasing the
growth of the enterprise which can be measured in terms of return on investment and
profitability ratio of the enterprise (Shahjee, 2017). The e-business platform includes the
digitization of the supply chain management system, electronic payment system, payroll
management of the employees, information sharing, automatic updating of the database,

inventory management and others. The e-business provides the advantage to the customers by
providing the product of their choice at their door step.
Categories of the E-business
The E-business are categorised into 4 types which are classified as below:
1. B2B model: This model focuses on business to business activities. The transaction of
the products is done between two business organizations (Meng, 2010).
2. B2C model: This model focuses on business to customers activities. The transaction is
done between customers and business
3. C2C model: This model focuses on customer to customer activities. The transaction
of the products is done between two customers.
4. C2B model: This model focuses on customer to business activities. The transaction of
the products is done between customer and business.

E-Commerce Models
The trading through internet is known as e-commerce. There are different models available
for the business transformation to the e-business but the owner of the companies are facing
problems to match up e-commerce model with the business requirement due to the lack of
knowledge.
1. Drop Shipping: The supplier directly provide the product to the customers and receive
cash amount from the customers.
2. Wholesale and warehousing: It helps in keeping checks with the inventory
management at the warehouse to provide on time delivery to the customers (Guo, and
Jun, 2014). The initial cost is required for developing a warehouse for the enterprise
to store their products at the warehouse and delivered to the customers.

3. Manufacturing and private Labelling: In this model, the manufacturing company
develops their product and provide to the customers through the third party such as
Amazon, Flipkart, and others. The customers go to the site of the third party and
booked their product (Lu, 2012). The manufacturing company on receiving the order
from the third party deliver the product to the customers.
4. White Labelling: The similar products can be sold out by using different brand name
with the inclusion of the third party.
5. Subscription E-commerce: This is the most commonly used E-commerce by the
business organizations. The subscription services are opted by the enterprise for
selling of their products. The subscription policies motivate and guide the customers
to book their orders from the subscribed websites. The subscribed websites are more
loyal towards their customer to provide quality products to their customers.

Strategy:
The development of the effective strategy and marketing policies helps in increasing the sale
of the products through various channels. The following strategy should be followed for
developing an effective ecommerce website for the organization:
Security: The development of the e-business should undergo with the security mechanism to
develop an effective digital system for the firm to carry over their business activities securely
(Grilo, and Malo, Conclaves, 2011).
Confidentiality and privacy: The cryptographic approaches should be used for securing the
confidential and personal information of the users (Eric, 2014). It helps in building trust over
the e-business transactions because during the e-transaction customers have to give their bank
account details and PIN number for doing online payment. The confidential information of
the customers should be preserved in the company’s database with the cryptographic and
firewall security mechanisms.
Authentication: The virtual private network should be developed for preserving the
transaction information between the customers and the businesses. The consumers should be
provided with the user id and password for accessing their account securely.
Integrity and Accuracy of data: The integrity and accuracy of the data can be preserved by
applying the policies of verification and validation rules to check for login credentials
(WeiWei, and Yui, 2015). The unauthorised access of the user account should be prohibited
by using the cryptographic and firewall protection mechanism.
Non-repudiation process: The digital signatures are created after every transaction done
between customer and business so that none of the party denies with the occurrence of
transaction.

Provision of Access control: After the verification and validation of the login credential
access control of using the customer personal account should be given.
Information Availability: The customers can access and retrieve the information about the
product and organization any time according to his requirement.
Conclusion
It can be concluded that growing demand of digitization compels the organization to
undertake the e-business strategies with the accumulation of effective e-commerce model for
transaction of services. The subscription policies motivate and guide the customers to book
their orders from the subscribed websites. The subscribed websites are more loyal towards
their customer to provide quality products to their customers. The use of ICT environment in
the business environment transforms the traditional working and marketing of the product
with the digital working and marketing of the products.
References
Aghburu, J., Anza, N., Iyortsuun, A. (2017). Effects of outsourcing strategies on the
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Eric, F. (2014). Evaluating E-business in IT company. 1st ed. Retrieved from
https://www.theseus.fi/bitstream/handle/10024/78554/Franc_Eric.pdf?
sequence=1&isAllowed=y
Grilo, A., and Malo, P., Conclaves, J. (2011). An Assessment methodology for e-business and
e-commerce in the AEC sector. 1st ed. Retrieved from
https://www.isel.pt/media/uploads/ARTIGO_0002_04.544fa90762a5c.pdf
Guo, Y., and Jun, H. (2014). Research on business model innovation of E-commerce Era. 1st
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Lu, S. (2012). How can e-commerce companies enlarge the business after start up phase. 1st
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https://www.theseus.fi/bitstream/handle/10024/44194/FINAL_THESIS.pdf?
sequence=1&isAllowed=y
Meng, X. (2010). Study on combining of E-commerce and E-marketing. 1st ed. Retrieved
from
https://pdfs.semanticscholar.org/a919/787b524a5d613b0ba8c5a3fa76e52a96c0c3.pdf
Patricia. (2017). Advantages and disadvantages of outsourcing. 1st ed. Retrieved from
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1877050915023315
Shahjee, R. (2017). The impact of e-commerce on Electronic commerce on business
organization. 1st ed. Retrieved from http://oaji.net/articles/2017/1174-
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WeiWei, L. and Yui, D. (2015). Research on Value evaluation of ecommerce business model.
1st ed. Retrieved from
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1877050915023315