Unit 4: Literature Review on Evidence-Based Practice in Healthcare

This report presents a comprehensive literature review on evidence-based practice (EBP) within the context of health and social care. It begins by emphasizing the fundamental importance of EBP in improving patient outcomes and quality of life, outlining the integration of both external and internal evidence. The report then details the EBP process, including question formulation, literature search, evidence appraisal, selection, application, action planning, implementation, and evaluation. Key skills for conducting a literature review are identified, encompassing personal qualities like decision-making and interpersonal skills, alongside professional attributes such as problem-solving, technical skills, and presentation capabilities. The report also addresses ethical considerations for research, including informed consent, risk minimization, anonymity, and avoiding deceptive practices. The main body of the review analyzes several articles, focusing on communication challenges in palliative care, the importance of courage in nursing, techniques for handling difficult conversations, and overcoming communication barriers. The review concludes by highlighting the positive impact of effective communication on patient outcomes and proposes a research project to analyze the impact of effective communication on patient outcomes. The project's methodology involves secondary data sources and random sampling. The review emphasizes the significance of effective communication in healthcare for improving patient experiences and outcomes, including a reflection on the author's personal growth in patient interaction and workplace practices.

Unit 4 Fundamentals of
Evidence-Based Practice
Literature Review

Why is evidence-based practice important in Health and Social
Care?
• Evidence based practice (EBP) is considered as fundamental to quality as it consist the criteria to improve
outcomes and quality of life.
• It include external evidence with systematic reviews, randomised control trials, clinical practice guidelines &
best practice and internal evidence consist quality improvement projects, clinical expertise as well as outcome
management initiatives.

What is the process of conducting evidence-based practice in Health and Social Care?
• An appropriate sequence of steps in EBP procedure is given below.
• A compelling question or statement of issue
• Search the literature
• Appraise the evidence
• Select the best evidence
• Link evidence with experience and values of client
• Develop an action plan
• Implement the findings
• Evaluate the results

Which skills and qualities do you need to conduct a literature review?
Personal Professional
Decision making is an important quality for an individual
which helps to decide about gather more accurate information
relevant to topic of research
Interpersonal skills consist to perform team work to conduct
literature review and active listening to views of people
regarding specific title.
Time management is very important to analyse different
articles or other sources of data to analyse the timely in order to
interpret them in correct manner.
Problem solving is a significant quality of professional which
facilitate to collect more accurate information and conclude
appropriate outcomes.
Technical skills consist mechanical, information technology,
mathematical or scientific tasks which facilitate to analyse
literature gathered information including facts & figures or
statistical data appropriately.
Presentation skills are helpful to present the gathered data in
literature review to make desired results of research.

Analyse your own skills and knowledge in being able to conduct a
literature review.
• My own capabilities in context of the personal and professionals skills &
qualities discussed earlier are explained further –
• Decision making –
• Interpersonal skills
• Time management
• Problem solving
• Technical skills
• Presentation skills

Which skills are required to conduct ethical research which could have a positive influence on practice and provision in Health and Social
Care?
• Ethical skills refers to containing knowledge about related norms and ability to follow them while conducting
research.
• It is necessary to obey essential ethics including norms and principles in correct manner.
• The principles of ethics are obtain informed consent, minimize risk of harm, protect anonymity &
confidentiality, ignore utilizing deceptive practices and right to withdraw.

Introduction to Literature Review
Literature review can be described as to gather information from different sources such as surveys books,
scholarly articles and journals to provide description with critical evaluation about specific topic of
investigation.
An effective communication is mandatory in health & social care as it facilitate to make patient comfortable and
support them to overcome with severe health problems.

Main body: 1. St Gemma’s Hospice
The selected article conclude that palliative care patients have difficulty to communicate their requirements
which may be result of dysphasia, cognitive impairment or extreme frailty. It consist methods to support hospice
staff to render person centered care and improve symptom management for sick individuals.

2. 6C’s and 10 Commitments
• The given article summaries that early outcomes of ground theory in order to investigate the understanding of
courage in respect of nursing. It consist the courage which is known as an attribute that make nursing staff
capable to conduct correct medication or treatment procedure in terms of making patients disease free.

3. Communication Skills 6: Difficult and Challenging Conversations
• From the given article, it is conclude the way to approach people who are aggressive, angry, abusive, hostile
or confrontational including various techniques of communication in order to manage challenging
circumstances.
• It consist the prevention of different difficulties in health & social care with the help of effective
communication.

4. Communication Skills 2: Overcoming the Barriers to Effective
Communication
• The selected article can be summarise that lack of privacy, competing demand and background noise are
considered as potential barriers which are required to be overcome.
• It include the capability of sick people to make conversation efficiently which may get affected by their
actual condition, treatment, pain and anxiety.

5. Communication Skills 1: Benefits of Effective Communication for
Patients
• The given article conclude that effective communication provide various benefits in health care for sick
individuals. It consist the profit of protecting patient from severe harm which generate due to
misunderstanding or misinterpretations.

Results of Literature Review
• The literature review support the aim of investigation by explaining the significance of effective
communication in health & social care in order to improve patient outcomes.
• It include the positive effects of efficient conversation and consequences of not communicating with patients
properly.

Conclusion
 From above articles, it has been analyzed that in appropriate communication give rise if difficult and
challenging situations which may have number of precipitating causes.
 It consists the tiredness of nursing staff and angry patient due to pain which can create difficult condition in
health & social care which impacts negatively on patients and other staff.

Project Proposal
Background: The investigation consist analysis of effective communication to deal with challenging
conditions along with increasing outputs of sick individuals. It is necessary for nursing
staff to make proper conversation with patients so that aggression & anxiety can be
avoided to increase medication outcomes which facilitate to make them disease free
very soon. It is important to analyse potential barriers of communication and techniques
to overcome with them in health & social care. The aggressive, abusive, hostile and any
behaviour create gap and reduce effectiveness of communication which effects
negatively on patient experience.
Literature Review: This can be described as a cascading procedure of reading, searching, analysing and
summing up information related to specific topic of investigation. It has been conclude
that effective communication is mandatory to provide appropriate medications to
patients and improving their experience.
Aim: To analyse the impact of effective communication to deal with difficult situations and
improve patients outcomes in health & social care.

Objectives: To analyze the concept of effective communication in health & social care
To determine the impacts of efficient communication on patients outcomes.
To evaluate effectiveness of communication in context to deal with challenging
situations in health & social care.
Sample: The random sampling is used in research and the sample size is 30 in which target
group consist nurses and other medical professionals.
Data
collection/Methodology:
The data is collected basically through the secondary sources like books, journals,
articles, magazines etc.
Ethical Considerations: The ethical considerations consist to ensure the privacy of participants, cost and
time management.

Scope The investigation about benefits of effective communication is helpful to present
learners to focus on this aspects which facilitate to improve patient outcomes. The
nursing staff and few other professionals involves in this investigation.
Evaluation/Conclusion It was expected to analyse the importance of effective communication for patient
welfare which is helpful to improve medical practices in future and increase patient
experiences.

• Why have you chosen your proposed research project and why is it important?
The main reason to select particular investigation to analyze effectiveness of communication in healthcare on
patients outcomes to provide EBP regarding the same. It is important to understand the value and benefits of
proper conversation in hospitals so that medical staff will consider it in respect of improving health of sick
people.
• Why is it important that your research is conducted in the way you have proposed?
The investigation should be conducted as it is proposed by using secondary sources of information and random
sampling which facilitate to make more accurate conclusions properly.
• Thinking about your literature review, how viable is your proposal? Is your review valid and reliable?
The literature review is reliable and viable because required information was available from different articles
which more than enough to analyze significance of effectiveness of communication.

• What are some examples of how the literature review influences evidence-based practice in health and
social care?
Literature review is helpful to gather specific facts and figures to make proper conclusions of investigations about
proper conversations in hospitals For example, sufficient information to gain evidence about importance of
effective communication which influence evidence based practice in healthcare that facilitate to improve
outcomes of medications.
• How has recent research had a positive impact on current practice to improve the delivery of service?
The research impacts positively on present practice as people can understand the importance of effective
communication which is helpful to improve delivery of service to patients.

•How has your personal research had an impact on your own learning and practice in the workplace?
My personal research helps me to listen views & problems of sick person carefully which facilitate to address their health
problem accurately by making correct decision regarding suitable medication procedure. I have improve my own
communication with patients and other professionals at workplace which is helpful to conduct appropriate practices.
•How have you contributed towards innovation and improvement in evidence-based health, care or support
practice and service delivery? How have you performed during this time?
Through my investigation, I contribute to improvement in EB healthcare or support practice and service delivery by
making people understand the importance of communication to increase patient outcomes. I conduct an investigation in
hospital and personally observe & take views of nursing staff to analyze significance of communication in healthcare
which facilitate to improve practices in future.

References
• Chiappelli, F., 2014. Fundamentals of evidence-based health care and translational science (Vol. 18).
Heidelberg: Springer.
• Hirsch, J. A. and et. al., 2015. Evidence-based clinical practice for the neurointerventionalist. Journal of
neurointerventional surgery. 7(3). pp.225-228.