Eco-Fone: Smartphone Market Analysis and Expansion Report

This report provides a comprehensive market analysis for Eco-Fone, a smartphone retailer with two existing shops. The analysis includes an overview of the UK smartphone market, forecasting adult smartphone usage, and examining the potential of targeting older customers. The report assesses the feasibility of expanding the business to Kingston using a pros and cons table, analyzes the costs of a new building, and tests for differences in net takings between the two shops. It also evaluates customer satisfaction based on questionnaires and examines quality procedures using Poisson distribution. The findings suggest that the smartphone business is thriving, with opportunities for growth, particularly among older customers, and recommends expanding the business to Kingston. The report includes financial data, references, and appendices to support its conclusions.

Running head: MARKET FOR ECO-FONE
MARKET FOR ECO-FONE
Name of the Student
Name of the University
Author Note

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Table of Contents
Introduction................................................................................................................................2
1.1 An Overview of the mobile phone market in the UK..........................................................2
1.2 Forcasting the UK Adult Smartphone use..........................................................................3
1.3 Smartphones- A potential market for older customers........................................................4
1.4 Feasibility of Expanding business to Kingston using Pros and Cons table.........................5
1.5 Cost of a New Building........................................................................................................6
1.6 Testing the Possible Difference in Net Takings in the Two Shops......................................9
1.7 Customer Satisfaction..........................................................................................................9
1.8 Quality Procedure...............................................................................................................10
Conclusion................................................................................................................................11
References................................................................................................................................12
Appendix..................................................................................................................................13

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Introduction
The main objective of this study is to analyse the market for Eco-fone. Here it has
been discussed whether they must enlarge their business to Kingston or not. Smart phones
belong to the class of mobile phones which are differentiaed from featured phones by their
tougher hardware competences and widespread mobile operating systems which enable
widespread software, multimedia functionality and internet apart from fundamental phone
functions such as voice calls and text messaging. One of the largest retailing business all over
the earth is the smartphone selling business. The device has been getting constant
advancements that have made it more beneficial from a period ago when there is the first
smart mobile phone was fetched to the market. It has been noted that smartphones have been
more efficacious if it has been compared with the other electronic gadget that are wholesaled
in the market. A slight over 1.5 billion sales have been observed and at the same time the
“demand” for smartphones has been increasing steadily.
Analysis of Issues for Eco-fone Smartphones
1.1 An Overview of the mobile phone market in the UK
The smartphone has captured attention of all the people in the entire society which
includes the children also. Mobile phones are useful for young children usually smart phones
are useful for they can play games even they can study. It is the most commonly used device
all over the world. From this it can be said that one of the most money-making business all
over the world is mobile phone or smartphone business with an outstanding market
opportunity. Just similar to any other nation, United Kingdom also has the extensive market
for smart phones. According to Deloitte report, the rate of using smartphones is 85 percent
currently. It has been observed that the smartphone industry has a slight over fifteen percent
of the total population. Again, as smartphones take upgrades which indicates the smartphones

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owners will be upgrading so that versions of prevailing phones improve. According to
Deloitte report, adults in the United kingdom are showing interests in smartphones slowly
and steadily which indicates that the market for mobile phone is expected to grow with time
as additional adults will be wanting to possess smartphones. The “demand” for mobile
phones in the United Kingdom is expected to rise gradually. Changes in the smartphones
have taken place. As a result of this change, the “demand” for smartphones in the United
Kindom will increase. When there will be appropriate improvements on smart phones, the
maximum people will purchase the phones as they will discover it useful for everday use
purpose.
1.2 Forcasting the UK Adult Smartphone use
It is observed that the “adult population” who are expending smartphones have been
the lowermost in the United Kingdom over the past years. Though this is the situation in
United Kingdom, more adults are eager to purchase and own smartphones as they have
understood the usefulness of this device. Deloitte survey shows thirty-four per cent of United
Kingdom adults check their phones within five minutes when they wake up and around 55
per cent check their smartphone within a quarter of a hour. In the end, 78 per cent of adults
look at their smartphones within an hour before they are going to sleep.
2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
f(x) = 51.533874151693 exp( 0.0858813710681494 x )
UK adult smartphone use
Figure 1

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Source- Created by the author
According to Deloitte report, the data for United kingdom usage of adult mobile
phone in the period 2012 to 2017 reveals that it does not show a linear trend. The curve in the
above diagram does not depict linearity. The trend is quadrilateral. This is why a “linear
forcast” would not work in this case. “Exponential forecast model” would work well here.
Report says that the adoption rate of smartphones by the adults is possible to increase by 3
per cent. This indicates that additional adults in the nation will use smartphones in the
following year. Forcasting also reveals that, in the year 2018 and 2019 , the use of adult smart
phones will increase. So it can be predicted that a smartphone will be owned by each single
adult in the next five years. Eco-fone has a great marketplace prospect mostly because of the
phones they sell there. The gadgets have useful features for the adults. Since adults have been
targeted, Eco-fone is expected in making good profit . Deloitte report depicts that the
adoption rate of mobilephones using by the adults is likely to increase over three per cent.
1.3 Smartphones- A potential market for older customers
The efficiency of the existing smart phones have been appreciated by the owners of
the smart phones. According to the survey conducted by Deloitte, 8 per cent of smart phones
users are eager to buy fresh versions of the phones they already use. In the United Kingdom
smartphone sales are growing with old consumers. It indicates that 71 per cent of 55 to 75
years olds possess a smart phone. It has been observed that this group of age has realized a
quicker rate of adoption than any other age over the past 5 years. Why the old people will
aways be consumers to the smart phone industry are as follows-
Firstly, It is much easier to book a taxi in cities by using an app and secondly, it has
been proven that smartphones are very useful in various activities they do. It is much
convenient for old people to use smart phone that have greater screens so if the old people’s

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eyesight worsens they are at ease to look at and also smartphones have louder speakers so
that they can listen loudly. And thirdly, it has been suggested by the research that old
individual loves the idea of being able to pick up mobile and look at it rather than pressing
buttons.
1.4 Feasibility of Expanding business to Kingston using Pros and Cons
table
When a company thinks of expanding its business it necessitates a lot of resources,
planning and time. Currently authority carries out entirely of Eco-fone’s operations at the 2
shops in the Borough of Richmond. The business has not ever functioned across the border in
Kingston but it has been suggested by subjective evidence that business is thriving.
Should we expand our business to Kingston?
Pros Score/10 Cons Score/10
High sales volume 8 High capital requirements 6
High returns 7 High operating costs 3
Economies of scale 8 The high cost of land 5
Growth 9 Increase advertisement
costs
4
Competitive advantages 7 Lack of brand awareness 3
Large market 8 competition 6
Increased net profit 9 Taxation 6
Total Pros 56 Total Cons 33
Average Pros 8.0 Average Cons 4.71
Figure 2
Source- Created by author
From the above table, it has been clearly shown that Eco-fone’s business to Kingston
should be expanded by eco-fone as the average pros are much greater than average cons. All
pros including High sales volume, High returns, economies of scale, growth, competitive
advantages and others have high score as it can been seen from the table.

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1.5 Cost of a New Building
The calculation of this part has been given away in the appendix section and excel file
attached with the solution.
The new building cost is the additional once-a-month cost that the company will incur
as “mortgage fee”. This is one of the disadvantage of expanding the business. Company’s
current ratio will be reduced by the money that has been borrowed. However, the situation
may get better if the firm creates “profit” in the branch that has been expanded in Kingston,
and the situation might be adverse if company incur losses from expanding the business.
The following are the logos of eight “commercial mortgage lenders” in the United
Kingdom-

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8MARKET FOR ECO-FONE

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1.6 Testing the Possible Difference in Net Takings in the Two Shops
Assuming that null hypothesis is there is no difference between the mean values that
is two shops’ net taking are same.
Alternative hypothesis is there are difference between the mean values of net takings
of both shop.
Shop A Shop B
Mean £100 £90
Standard Deviation £20 £40
Sample size 40 40
Figure 3
Source- Created by author
From the above analysis, it has been found that p value is greater than level of
significance(Shown in appendix). So null hypothesis is accepted which implies that the 2
shops’ net takings are the equal.
1.7 Customer Satisfaction
From the Eco-fone’s questionnaires on the rate at which firm’s customers feel
satisfied by the products and services quality provided by the firm, it has been observed that
the total number of consumers visiting the company daily is higher than the number of
consumers’ complains.
DATA KEY:
Q1: 5,4,3,2,1,0 Last Time
Q2: 5,4,3,2,1,0 How Long
Q3a: 4,3,2,1 Service/Support
Q3b: 4,3,2,1 Product/Service
Q3c: 4,3,2,1 Sales Staff

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Q3d: 4,3,2,1 Price/Value
Q4: 5,4,3,2,1 Satisfied
Q5: 5,4,3,2,1 Continue
Q6: 5,4,3,2,1 Recommend
From the analysis in excel, for question no 1, it shows the average is 2 which is
between 6 months to 1 one year, the highest frequency of the given option is in option 4
which is between 1 and 3 months. For question no 2 the average shows 2 but highest
frequency is 3. Which means people have used Eco-fones product is between 1 and 3 years
though the average is showing between 6 months and 1 year. For question number 3a, most
of the people have given fair for customer support,again for quality of product or service
most of the people have given fair. For sales staff, on an average it shows good but most of
the people have given excellent. For price category, on an average it says fair whereas most
of the people have given good. On an average, people gave 2 which is dissatisfied for overall
satisfaction. It is unlikely that people are to carry on doing business with Eco-fone and it is
possible that people will commend their product or services to others.
1.8 Quality Procedure
The “Poisson distribution” is used to forecast the probability of certain events from
happening when one knows how often the event has occurred .The “Poisson distribution” is
discrete function where the variable can only be measured in whole numbers which helps to
show results for discrete distributions. In this analysis, it has been measred the number of
invoices which is also discrete. Again, “Poisson distribution” is “one-parameter” distribution
which indicates the mean of the given distribution. Also “Poisson distribution” takes average
calculation that is why “Poisson distribution” is suitable in this situation.The total invoices
number made by the company are many and “Poisson distribution” is used in case of high

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means and variances. Quality procedures have not been met as more than three invoices will
be reverted in a given month is not less than fifteen per cent. It is approximately 18 per cent.
Conclusion
From this entire analysis, it can be concluded that the smart phone commercial is one
of the successful business in the entire domain. This indicates that “Eco-fone” is certain of a
stable flow of consumers in both shops which will straight decipher into an upsurge in the
“profit”. Smartphone business are growing with old customers in the United Kingdom.
According to the Deloitte report 2012 to 2017, Smart phones sales for adult in United
Kingdom does not show a linear trend. Since the branch where the company has moved its
business is new, some distinctive challenges may be faced by the branch in the short run. The
challenges could be the high capital requirements, greater operating cost, lack of brand
awareness and others as discussed in section 1.4. As a result of this it is possible that it can
not make profit initially. However, the company will make profit after two or three years as
there are large number of buyers present and also there is high demand for smartphones.
Again, it is advisable that company should sell the phones with advanced technology because
smartphones are upgraded very often and amended version are better than the older version
and newer version are always preferred. Eco-fone company will experience a optimistic
future in United Kingdom since demand for smart phones have been rising drastically and
also customers are satisfied with their product.

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References
Ageukmobility.co.uk, M. 2020. Smartphones sales boom with older people | Handicare.
[online] Ageukmobility.co.uk. Available at: https://www.ageukmobility.co.uk/mobility-
news/article/smartphone-sales-boom-with-older-people
Ahn, H., Wijaya, M.E. and Esmero, B.C., 2014. A systemic smartphone usage pattern
analysis: focusing on smartphone addiction issue. Int J Multimedia Ubiquitous
Engineering, 9, pp.9-14.
Breed, D.S., Intelligent Technologies International Inc, 2015. Smartphone-based vehicular
interface. U.S. Patent 9,211,811.
Chmielarz, W., 2015. Study of smartphones usage from the customer's point of
view. Procedia Computer Science, 65, pp.1085-1094.
Delloite LLP, 2017 Global Mobile Consumer Survey 2017: UK Cut. Retrieved from:
Delloite.com, (2019) Mobile Consumer Survey 2018: The UK cut. Retrieved from:
Deloitte-global-mobile-consumer-survey-2017_uk-cut%20(1).pdf
Faulds, D.J., Mangold, W.G., Raju, P.S. and Valsalan, S., 2018. The mobile shopping
revolution: Redefining the consumer decision process. Business Horizons, 61(2), pp.323-338.
Kang, Y.M., Cho, C. and Lee, S., 2011, June. Analysis of factors affecting the adoption of
smartphones. In First International Technology Management Conference (pp. 919-925).
IEEE.
khanacademy.org/math/ap-statistics/two-sample-inference/two-sample-t-test-means/v/two-
sample-t-test-for-difference-of-means

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Last, G. and Penrose, M., 2017. Lectures on the Poisson process (Vol. 7). Cambridge
University Press.
Samarhan, A., 2016. In-store consumer shopping behaviour through mobile Phones.
Appendix
1.2
2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
f(x) = 51.533874151693 exp( 0.0858813710681494 x )
UK adult smartphone use
1.5
Mortgage Amount 350000
Interest Rate 0.07
Term 15
Monthly repayment =PMT(F3/12,F4*12,-F2,0,0)
Installmen
t No.
Begning
balance Inerest Expense Principle Repaymen
1 =+F2 =IPMT($F$3/12,D8,$F$4*12,-$F$2,0,0) =PPMT($F$3/12,D8,$F$4*12
2 =+I8 =IPMT($F$3/12,D9,$F$4*12,-$F$2,0,0) =PPMT($F$3/12,D9,$F$4*12
3 =+I9 =IPMT($F$3/12,D10,$F$4*12,-$F$2,0,0) =PPMT($F$3/12,D10,$F$4*12
4 =+I10 =IPMT($F$3/12,D11,$F$4*12,-$F$2,0,0) =PPMT($F$3/12,D11,$F$4*12
5 =+I11 =IPMT($F$3/12,D12,$F$4*12,-$F$2,0,0) =PPMT($F$3/12,D12,$F$4*12
6 =+I12 =IPMT($F$3/12,D13,$F$4*12,-$F$2,0,0) =PPMT($F$3/12,D13,$F$4*12
7 =+I13 =IPMT($F$3/12,D14,$F$4*12,-$F$2,0,0) =PPMT($F$3/12,D14,$F$4*12
8 =+I14 =IPMT($F$3/12,D15,$F$4*12,-$F$2,0,0) =PPMT($F$3/12,D15,$F$4*12
9 =+I15 =IPMT($F$3/12,D16,$F$4*12,-$F$2,0,0) =PPMT($F$3/12,D16,$F$4*12
10 =+I16 =IPMT($F$3/12,D17,$F$4*12,-$F$2,0,0) =PPMT($F$3/12,D17,$F$4*12

14MARKET FOR ECO-FONE
11 =+I17 =IPMT($F$3/12,D18,$F$4*12,-$F$2,0,0) =PPMT($F$3/12,D18,$F$4*12
12 =+I18 =IPMT($F$3/12,D19,$F$4*12,-$F$2,0,0) =PPMT($F$3/12,D19,$F$4*12
13 =+I19 =IPMT($F$3/12,D20,$F$4*12,-$F$2,0,0) =PPMT($F$3/12,D20,$F$4*12
14 =+I20 =IPMT($F$3/12,D21,$F$4*12,-$F$2,0,0) =PPMT($F$3/12,D21,$F$4*12
15 =+I21 =IPMT($F$3/12,D22,$F$4*12,-$F$2,0,0) =PPMT($F$3/12,D22,$F$4*12
16 =+I22 =IPMT($F$3/12,D23,$F$4*12,-$F$2,0,0) =PPMT($F$3/12,D23,$F$4*12
17 =+I23 =IPMT($F$3/12,D24,$F$4*12,-$F$2,0,0) =PPMT($F$3/12,D24,$F$4*12
18 =+I24 =IPMT($F$3/12,D25,$F$4*12,-$F$2,0,0) =PPMT($F$3/12,D25,$F$4*12
19 =+I25 =IPMT($F$3/12,D26,$F$4*12,-$F$2,0,0) =PPMT($F$3/12,D26,$F$4*12
20 =+I26 =IPMT($F$3/12,D27,$F$4*12,-$F$2,0,0) =PPMT($F$3/12,D27,$F$4*12
21 =+I27 =IPMT($F$3/12,D28,$F$4*12,-$F$2,0,0) =PPMT($F$3/12,D28,$F$4*12
22 =+I28 =IPMT($F$3/12,D29,$F$4*12,-$F$2,0,0) =PPMT($F$3/12,D29,$F$4*12
23 =+I29 =IPMT($F$3/12,D30,$F$4*12,-$F$2,0,0) =PPMT($F$3/12,D30,$F$4*12
24 =+I30 =IPMT($F$3/12,D31,$F$4*12,-$F$2,0,0) =PPMT($F$3/12,D31,$F$4*12
25 =+I31 =IPMT($F$3/12,D32,$F$4*12,-$F$2,0,0) =PPMT($F$3/12,D32,$F$4*12
26 =+I32 =IPMT($F$3/12,D33,$F$4*12,-$F$2,0,0) =PPMT($F$3/12,D33,$F$4*12
27 =+I33 =IPMT($F$3/12,D34,$F$4*12,-$F$2,0,0) =PPMT($F$3/12,D34,$F$4*12
28 =+I34 =IPMT($F$3/12,D35,$F$4*12,-$F$2,0,0) =PPMT($F$3/12,D35,$F$4*12
29 =+I35 =IPMT($F$3/12,D36,$F$4*12,-$F$2,0,0) =PPMT($F$3/12,D36,$F$4*12
30 =+I36 =IPMT($F$3/12,D37,$F$4*12,-$F$2,0,0) =PPMT($F$3/12,D37,$F$4*12
31 =+I37 =IPMT($F$3/12,D38,$F$4*12,-$F$2,0,0) =PPMT($F$3/12,D38,$F$4*12
32 =+I38 =IPMT($F$3/12,D39,$F$4*12,-$F$2,0,0) =PPMT($F$3/12,D39,$F$4*12
33 =+I39 =IPMT($F$3/12,D40,$F$4*12,-$F$2,0,0) =PPMT($F$3/12,D40,$F$4*12
34 =+I40 =IPMT($F$3/12,D41,$F$4*12,-$F$2,0,0) =PPMT($F$3/12,D41,$F$4*12
35 =+I41 =IPMT($F$3/12,D42,$F$4*12,-$F$2,0,0) =PPMT($F$3/12,D42,$F$4*12
36 =+I42 =IPMT($F$3/12,D43,$F$4*12,-$F$2,0,0) =PPMT($F$3/12,D43,$F$4*12
37 =+I43 =IPMT($F$3/12,D44,$F$4*12,-$F$2,0,0) =PPMT($F$3/12,D44,$F$4*12
38 =+I44 =IPMT($F$3/12,D45,$F$4*12,-$F$2,0,0) =PPMT($F$3/12,D45,$F$4*12
39 =+I45 =IPMT($F$3/12,D46,$F$4*12,-$F$2,0,0) =PPMT($F$3/12,D46,$F$4*12
40 =+I46 =IPMT($F$3/12,D47,$F$4*12,-$F$2,0,0) =PPMT($F$3/12,D47,$F$4*12
41 =+I47 =IPMT($F$3/12,D48,$F$4*12,-$F$2,0,0) =PPMT($F$3/12,D48,$F$4*12
42 =+I48 =IPMT($F$3/12,D49,$F$4*12,-$F$2,0,0) =PPMT($F$3/12,D49,$F$4*12
43 =+I49 =IPMT($F$3/12,D50,$F$4*12,-$F$2,0,0) =PPMT($F$3/12,D50,$F$4*12
44 =+I50 =IPMT($F$3/12,D51,$F$4*12,-$F$2,0,0) =PPMT($F$3/12,D51,$F$4*12
45 =+I51 =IPMT($F$3/12,D52,$F$4*12,-$F$2,0,0) =PPMT($F$3/12,D52,$F$4*12
46 =+I52 =IPMT($F$3/12,D53,$F$4*12,-$F$2,0,0) =PPMT($F$3/12,D53,$F$4*12
47 =+I53 =IPMT($F$3/12,D54,$F$4*12,-$F$2,0,0) =PPMT($F$3/12,D54,$F$4*12
48 =+I54 =IPMT($F$3/12,D55,$F$4*12,-$F$2,0,0) =PPMT($F$3/12,D55,$F$4*12
49 =+I55 =IPMT($F$3/12,D56,$F$4*12,-$F$2,0,0) =PPMT($F$3/12,D56,$F$4*12
50 =+I56 =IPMT($F$3/12,D57,$F$4*12,-$F$2,0,0) =PPMT($F$3/12,D57,$F$4*12
51 =+I57 =IPMT($F$3/12,D58,$F$4*12,-$F$2,0,0) =PPMT($F$3/12,D58,$F$4*12
52 =+I58 =IPMT($F$3/12,D59,$F$4*12,-$F$2,0,0) =PPMT($F$3/12,D59,$F$4*12
53 =+I59 =IPMT($F$3/12,D60,$F$4*12,-$F$2,0,0) =PPMT($F$3/12,D60,$F$4*12
54 =+I60 =IPMT($F$3/12,D61,$F$4*12,-$F$2,0,0) =PPMT($F$3/12,D61,$F$4*12

15MARKET FOR ECO-FONE
55 =+I61 =IPMT($F$3/12,D62,$F$4*12,-$F$2,0,0) =PPMT($F$3/12,D62,$F$4*12
56 =+I62 =IPMT($F$3/12,D63,$F$4*12,-$F$2,0,0) =PPMT($F$3/12,D63,$F$4*12
57 1=+I63 =IPMT($F$3/12,D64,$F$4*12,-$F$2,0,0) =PPMT($F$3/12,D64,$F$4*12
58 =+I64 =IPMT($F$3/12,D65,$F$4*12,-$F$2,0,0) =PPMT($F$3/12,D65,$F$4*12
59 =+I65 =IPMT($F$3/12,D66,$F$4*12,-$F$2,0,0) =PPMT($F$3/12,D66,$F$4*12
60 =+I66 =IPMT($F$3/12,D67,$F$4*12,-$F$2,0,0) =PPMT($F$3/12,D67,$F$4*12
61 =+I67 =IPMT($F$3/12,D68,$F$4*12,-$F$2,0,0) =PPMT($F$3/12,D68,$F$4*12
62 =+I68 =IPMT($F$3/12,D69,$F$4*12,-$F$2,0,0) =PPMT($F$3/12,D69,$F$4*12
63 =+I69 =IPMT($F$3/12,D70,$F$4*12,-$F$2,0,0) =PPMT($F$3/12,D70,$F$4*12
64 =+I70 =IPMT($F$3/12,D71,$F$4*12,-$F$2,0,0) =PPMT($F$3/12,D71,$F$4*12
65 =+I71 =IPMT($F$3/12,D72,$F$4*12,-$F$2,0,0) =PPMT($F$3/12,D72,$F$4*12
66 =+I72 =IPMT($F$3/12,D73,$F$4*12,-$F$2,0,0) =PPMT($F$3/12,D73,$F$4*12
67 =+I73 =IPMT($F$3/12,D74,$F$4*12,-$F$2,0,0) =PPMT($F$3/12,D74,$F$4*12
68 =+I74 =IPMT($F$3/12,D75,$F$4*12,-$F$2,0,0) =PPMT($F$3/12,D75,$F$4*12
69 =+I75 =IPMT($F$3/12,D76,$F$4*12,-$F$2,0,0) =PPMT($F$3/12,D76,$F$4*12
70 =+I76 =IPMT($F$3/12,D77,$F$4*12,-$F$2,0,0) =PPMT($F$3/12,D77,$F$4*12
71 =+I77 =IPMT($F$3/12,D78,$F$4*12,-$F$2,0,0) =PPMT($F$3/12,D78,$F$4*12
72 =+I78 =IPMT($F$3/12,D79,$F$4*12,-$F$2,0,0) =PPMT($F$3/12,D79,$F$4*12
73 =+I79 =IPMT($F$3/12,D80,$F$4*12,-$F$2,0,0) =PPMT($F$3/12,D80,$F$4*12
74 =+I80 =IPMT($F$3/12,D81,$F$4*12,-$F$2,0,0) =PPMT($F$3/12,D81,$F$4*12
75 =+I81 =IPMT($F$3/12,D82,$F$4*12,-$F$2,0,0) =PPMT($F$3/12,D82,$F$4*12
76 =+I82 =IPMT($F$3/12,D83,$F$4*12,-$F$2,0,0) =PPMT($F$3/12,D83,$F$4*12
77 =+I83 =IPMT($F$3/12,D84,$F$4*12,-$F$2,0,0) =PPMT($F$3/12,D84,$F$4*12
78 =+I84 =IPMT($F$3/12,D85,$F$4*12,-$F$2,0,0) =PPMT($F$3/12,D85,$F$4*12
79 =+I85 =IPMT($F$3/12,D86,$F$4*12,-$F$2,0,0) =PPMT($F$3/12,D86,$F$4*12
80 =+I86 =IPMT($F$3/12,D87,$F$4*12,-$F$2,0,0) =PPMT($F$3/12,D87,$F$4*12
81 =+I87 =IPMT($F$3/12,D88,$F$4*12,-$F$2,0,0) =PPMT($F$3/12,D88,$F$4*12
82 =+I88 =IPMT($F$3/12,D89,$F$4*12,-$F$2,0,0) =PPMT($F$3/12,D89,$F$4*12
83 =+I89 =IPMT($F$3/12,D90,$F$4*12,-$F$2,0,0) =PPMT($F$3/12,D90,$F$4*12
84 =+I90 =IPMT($F$3/12,D91,$F$4*12,-$F$2,0,0) =PPMT($F$3/12,D91,$F$4*12
85 =+I91 =IPMT($F$3/12,D92,$F$4*12,-$F$2,0,0) =PPMT($F$3/12,D92,$F$4*12
86 =+I92 =IPMT($F$3/12,D93,$F$4*12,-$F$2,0,0) =PPMT($F$3/12,D93,$F$4*12
87 =+I93 =IPMT($F$3/12,D94,$F$4*12,-$F$2,0,0) =PPMT($F$3/12,D94,$F$4*12
88 =+I94 =IPMT($F$3/12,D95,$F$4*12,-$F$2,0,0) =PPMT($F$3/12,D95,$F$4*12
89 =+I95 =IPMT($F$3/12,D96,$F$4*12,-$F$2,0,0) =PPMT($F$3/12,D96,$F$4*12
90 =+I96 =IPMT($F$3/12,D97,$F$4*12,-$F$2,0,0) =PPMT($F$3/12,D97,$F$4*12
91 =+I97 =IPMT($F$3/12,D98,$F$4*12,-$F$2,0,0) =PPMT($F$3/12,D98,$F$4*12
92 =+I98 =IPMT($F$3/12,D99,$F$4*12,-$F$2,0,0) =PPMT($F$3/12,D99,$F$4*12
93 =+I99
=IPMT($F$3/12,D100,$F$4*12,-
$F$2,0,0)
=PPMT($F$3/12,D100,$F
$F$2,0,0)
94 =+I100
=IPMT($F$3/12,D101,$F$4*12,-
$F$2,0,0)
=PPMT($F$3/12,D101,$F
$F$2,0,0)
95 =+I101
=IPMT($F$3/12,D102,$F$4*12,-
$F$2,0,0)
=PPMT($F$3/12,D102,$F
$F$2,0,0)
96 =+I102 =IPMT($F$3/12,D103,$F$4*12,- =PPMT($F$3/12,D103,$F

16MARKET FOR ECO-FONE
$F$2,0,0) $F$2,0,0)
97 =+I103
=IPMT($F$3/12,D104,$F$4*12,-
$F$2,0,0)
=PPMT($F$3/12,D104,$F
$F$2,0,0)
98 =+I104
=IPMT($F$3/12,D105,$F$4*12,-
$F$2,0,0)
=PPMT($F$3/12,D105,$F
$F$2,0,0)
99 =+I105
=IPMT($F$3/12,D106,$F$4*12,-
$F$2,0,0)
=PPMT($F$3/12,D106,$F
$F$2,0,0)
100 =+I106
=IPMT($F$3/12,D107,$F$4*12,-
$F$2,0,0)
=PPMT($F$3/12,D107,$F
$F$2,0,0)
101 =+I107
=IPMT($F$3/12,D108,$F$4*12,-
$F$2,0,0)
=PPMT($F$3/12,D108,$F
$F$2,0,0)
102 =+I108
=IPMT($F$3/12,D109,$F$4*12,-
$F$2,0,0)
=PPMT($F$3/12,D109,$F
$F$2,0,0)
103 =+I109
=IPMT($F$3/12,D110,$F$4*12,-
$F$2,0,0)
=PPMT($F$3/12,D110,$F
$F$2,0,0)
104 =+I110
=IPMT($F$3/12,D111,$F$4*12,-
$F$2,0,0)
=PPMT($F$3/12,D111,$F
$F$2,0,0)
105 =+I111
=IPMT($F$3/12,D112,$F$4*12,-
$F$2,0,0)
=PPMT($F$3/12,D112,$F
$F$2,0,0)
106 =+I112
=IPMT($F$3/12,D113,$F$4*12,-
$F$2,0,0)
=PPMT($F$3/12,D113,$F
$F$2,0,0)
107 =+I113
=IPMT($F$3/12,D114,$F$4*12,-
$F$2,0,0)
=PPMT($F$3/12,D114,$F
$F$2,0,0)
108 =+I114
=IPMT($F$3/12,D115,$F$4*12,-
$F$2,0,0)
=PPMT($F$3/12,D115,$F
$F$2,0,0)
109 =+I115
=IPMT($F$3/12,D116,$F$4*12,-
$F$2,0,0)
=PPMT($F$3/12,D116,$F
$F$2,0,0)
110 =+I116
=IPMT($F$3/12,D117,$F$4*12,-
$F$2,0,0)
=PPMT($F$3/12,D117,$F
$F$2,0,0)
111 =+I117
=IPMT($F$3/12,D118,$F$4*12,-
$F$2,0,0)
=PPMT($F$3/12,D118,$F
$F$2,0,0)
112 =+I118
=IPMT($F$3/12,D119,$F$4*12,-
$F$2,0,0)
=PPMT($F$3/12,D119,$F
$F$2,0,0)
113 =+I119
=IPMT($F$3/12,D120,$F$4*12,-
$F$2,0,0)
=PPMT($F$3/12,D120,$F
$F$2,0,0)
114 =+I120
=IPMT($F$3/12,D121,$F$4*12,-
$F$2,0,0)
=PPMT($F$3/12,D121,$F
$F$2,0,0)
115 =+I121
=IPMT($F$3/12,D122,$F$4*12,-
$F$2,0,0)
=PPMT($F$3/12,D122,$F
$F$2,0,0)
116 =+I122
=IPMT($F$3/12,D123,$F$4*12,-
$F$2,0,0)
=PPMT($F$3/12,D123,$F
$F$2,0,0)
117 =+I123
=IPMT($F$3/12,D124,$F$4*12,-
$F$2,0,0)
=PPMT($F$3/12,D124,$F
$F$2,0,0)
118 =+I124
=IPMT($F$3/12,D125,$F$4*12,-
$F$2,0,0)
=PPMT($F$3/12,D125,$F
$F$2,0,0)
119 =+I125
=IPMT($F$3/12,D126,$F$4*12,-
$F$2,0,0)
=PPMT($F$3/12,D126,$F
$F$2,0,0)
120 =+I126
=IPMT($F$3/12,D127,$F$4*12,-
$F$2,0,0)
=PPMT($F$3/12,D127,$F
$F$2,0,0)

17MARKET FOR ECO-FONE
121 =+I127
=IPMT($F$3/12,D128,$F$4*12,-
$F$2,0,0)
=PPMT($F$3/12,D128,$F
$F$2,0,0)
122 =+I128
=IPMT($F$3/12,D129,$F$4*12,-
$F$2,0,0)
=PPMT($F$3/12,D129,$F
$F$2,0,0)
123 =+I129
=IPMT($F$3/12,D130,$F$4*12,-
$F$2,0,0)
=PPMT($F$3/12,D130,$F
$F$2,0,0)
124 =+I130
=IPMT($F$3/12,D131,$F$4*12,-
$F$2,0,0)
=PPMT($F$3/12,D131,$F
$F$2,0,0)
125 =+I131
=IPMT($F$3/12,D132,$F$4*12,-
$F$2,0,0)
=PPMT($F$3/12,D132,$F
$F$2,0,0)
126 =+I132
=IPMT($F$3/12,D133,$F$4*12,-
$F$2,0,0)
=PPMT($F$3/12,D133,$F
$F$2,0,0)
127 =+I133
=IPMT($F$3/12,D134,$F$4*12,-
$F$2,0,0)
=PPMT($F$3/12,D134,$F
$F$2,0,0)
128 =+I134
=IPMT($F$3/12,D135,$F$4*12,-
$F$2,0,0)
=PPMT($F$3/12,D135,$F
$F$2,0,0)
129 =+I135
=IPMT($F$3/12,D136,$F$4*12,-
$F$2,0,0)
=PPMT($F$3/12,D136,$F
$F$2,0,0)
130 =+I136
=IPMT($F$3/12,D137,$F$4*12,-
$F$2,0,0)
=PPMT($F$3/12,D137,$F
$F$2,0,0)
131 =+I137
=IPMT($F$3/12,D138,$F$4*12,-
$F$2,0,0)
=PPMT($F$3/12,D138,$F
$F$2,0,0)
132 =+I138
=IPMT($F$3/12,D139,$F$4*12,-
$F$2,0,0)
=PPMT($F$3/12,D139,$F
$F$2,0,0)
133 =+I139
=IPMT($F$3/12,D140,$F$4*12,-
$F$2,0,0)
=PPMT($F$3/12,D140,$F
$F$2,0,0)
134 =+I140
=IPMT($F$3/12,D141,$F$4*12,-
$F$2,0,0)
=PPMT($F$3/12,D141,$F
$F$2,0,0)
135 =+I141
=IPMT($F$3/12,D142,$F$4*12,-
$F$2,0,0)
=PPMT($F$3/12,D142,$F
$F$2,0,0)
136 =+I142
=IPMT($F$3/12,D143,$F$4*12,-
$F$2,0,0)
=PPMT($F$3/12,D143,$F
$F$2,0,0)
137 =+I143
=IPMT($F$3/12,D144,$F$4*12,-
$F$2,0,0)
=PPMT($F$3/12,D144,$F
$F$2,0,0)
138 =+I144
=IPMT($F$3/12,D145,$F$4*12,-
$F$2,0,0)
=PPMT($F$3/12,D145,$F
$F$2,0,0)
139 =+I145
=IPMT($F$3/12,D146,$F$4*12,-
$F$2,0,0)
=PPMT($F$3/12,D146,$F
$F$2,0,0)
140 =+I146
=IPMT($F$3/12,D147,$F$4*12,-
$F$2,0,0)
=PPMT($F$3/12,D147,$F
$F$2,0,0)
141 =+I147
=IPMT($F$3/12,D148,$F$4*12,-
$F$2,0,0)
=PPMT($F$3/12,D148,$F
$F$2,0,0)
142 =+I148
=IPMT($F$3/12,D149,$F$4*12,-
$F$2,0,0)
=PPMT($F$3/12,D149,$F
$F$2,0,0)
143 =+I149
=IPMT($F$3/12,D150,$F$4*12,-
$F$2,0,0)
=PPMT($F$3/12,D150,$F
$F$2,0,0)
144 =+I150
=IPMT($F$3/12,D151,$F$4*12,-
$F$2,0,0)
=PPMT($F$3/12,D151,$F
$F$2,0,0)
145 =+I151 =IPMT($F$3/12,D152,$F$4*12,- =PPMT($F$3/12,D152,$F

18MARKET FOR ECO-FONE
$F$2,0,0) $F$2,0,0)
146 =+I152
=IPMT($F$3/12,D153,$F$4*12,-
$F$2,0,0)
=PPMT($F$3/12,D153,$F
$F$2,0,0)
147 =+I153
=IPMT($F$3/12,D154,$F$4*12,-
$F$2,0,0)
=PPMT($F$3/12,D154,$F
$F$2,0,0)
148 =+I154
=IPMT($F$3/12,D155,$F$4*12,-
$F$2,0,0)
=PPMT($F$3/12,D155,$F
$F$2,0,0)
149 =+I155
=IPMT($F$3/12,D156,$F$4*12,-
$F$2,0,0)
=PPMT($F$3/12,D156,$F
$F$2,0,0)
150 =+I156
=IPMT($F$3/12,D157,$F$4*12,-
$F$2,0,0)
=PPMT($F$3/12,D157,$F
$F$2,0,0)
151 =+I157
=IPMT($F$3/12,D158,$F$4*12,-
$F$2,0,0)
=PPMT($F$3/12,D158,$F
$F$2,0,0)
152 =+I158
=IPMT($F$3/12,D159,$F$4*12,-
$F$2,0,0)
=PPMT($F$3/12,D159,$F
$F$2,0,0)
153 =+I159
=IPMT($F$3/12,D160,$F$4*12,-
$F$2,0,0)
=PPMT($F$3/12,D160,$F
$F$2,0,0)
154 =+I160
=IPMT($F$3/12,D161,$F$4*12,-
$F$2,0,0)
=PPMT($F$3/12,D161,$F
$F$2,0,0)
155 =+I161
=IPMT($F$3/12,D162,$F$4*12,-
$F$2,0,0)
=PPMT($F$3/12,D162,$F
$F$2,0,0)
156 =+I162
=IPMT($F$3/12,D163,$F$4*12,-
$F$2,0,0)
=PPMT($F$3/12,D163,$F
$F$2,0,0)
157 =+I163
=IPMT($F$3/12,D164,$F$4*12,-
$F$2,0,0)
=PPMT($F$3/12,D164,$F
$F$2,0,0)
158 =+I164
=IPMT($F$3/12,D165,$F$4*12,-
$F$2,0,0)
=PPMT($F$3/12,D165,$F
$F$2,0,0)
159 =+I165
=IPMT($F$3/12,D166,$F$4*12,-
$F$2,0,0)
=PPMT($F$3/12,D166,$F
$F$2,0,0)
160 =+I166
=IPMT($F$3/12,D167,$F$4*12,-
$F$2,0,0)
=PPMT($F$3/12,D167,$F
$F$2,0,0)
161 =+I167
=IPMT($F$3/12,D168,$F$4*12,-
$F$2,0,0)
=PPMT($F$3/12,D168,$F
$F$2,0,0)
162 =+I168
=IPMT($F$3/12,D169,$F$4*12,-
$F$2,0,0)
=PPMT($F$3/12,D169,$F
$F$2,0,0)
163 =+I169
=IPMT($F$3/12,D170,$F$4*12,-
$F$2,0,0)
=PPMT($F$3/12,D170,$F
$F$2,0,0)
164 =+I170
=IPMT($F$3/12,D171,$F$4*12,-
$F$2,0,0)
=PPMT($F$3/12,D171,$F
$F$2,0,0)
165 =+I171
=IPMT($F$3/12,D172,$F$4*12,-
$F$2,0,0)
=PPMT($F$3/12,D172,$F
$F$2,0,0)
166 =+I172
=IPMT($F$3/12,D173,$F$4*12,-
$F$2,0,0)
=PPMT($F$3/12,D173,$F
$F$2,0,0)
167 =+I173
=IPMT($F$3/12,D174,$F$4*12,-
$F$2,0,0)
=PPMT($F$3/12,D174,$F
$F$2,0,0)
168 =+I174
=IPMT($F$3/12,D175,$F$4*12,-
$F$2,0,0)
=PPMT($F$3/12,D175,$F
$F$2,0,0)
169 =+I175
=IPMT($F$3/12,D176,$F$4*12,-
$F$2,0,0)
=PPMT($F$3/12,D176,$F
$F$2,0,0)

19MARKET FOR ECO-FONE
170 =+I176
=IPMT($F$3/12,D177,$F$4*12,-
$F$2,0,0)
=PPMT($F$3/12,D177,$F
$F$2,0,0)
171 =+I177
=IPMT($F$3/12,D178,$F$4*12,-
$F$2,0,0)
=PPMT($F$3/12,D178,$F
$F$2,0,0)
172 =+I178
=IPMT($F$3/12,D179,$F$4*12,-
$F$2,0,0)
=PPMT($F$3/12,D179,$F
$F$2,0,0)
173 =+I179
=IPMT($F$3/12,D180,$F$4*12,-
$F$2,0,0)
=PPMT($F$3/12,D180,$F
$F$2,0,0)
174 =+I180
=IPMT($F$3/12,D181,$F$4*12,-
$F$2,0,0)
=PPMT($F$3/12,D181,$F
$F$2,0,0)
175 =+I181
=IPMT($F$3/12,D182,$F$4*12,-
$F$2,0,0)
=PPMT($F$3/12,D182,$F
$F$2,0,0)
176 =+I182
=IPMT($F$3/12,D183,$F$4*12,-
$F$2,0,0)
=PPMT($F$3/12,D183,$F
$F$2,0,0)
177 =+I183
=IPMT($F$3/12,D184,$F$4*12,-
$F$2,0,0)
=PPMT($F$3/12,D184,$F
$F$2,0,0)
178 =+I184
=IPMT($F$3/12,D185,$F$4*12,-
$F$2,0,0)
=PPMT($F$3/12,D185,$F
$F$2,0,0)
179 =+I185
=IPMT($F$3/12,D186,$F$4*12,-
$F$2,0,0)
=PPMT($F$3/12,D186,$F
$F$2,0,0)
180 =+I186
=IPMT($F$3/12,D187,$F$4*12,-
$F$2,0,0)
=PPMT($F$3/12,D187,$F
$F$2,0,0)
1.6
Shop
A(X)
Shop
B(y) x-y
s1^2/
n1
s2^2/
n2
√(s1^2/n1+S2^2/
n2)
Mean 100 90 10
Standard
Deviation 20 40 10 40 7.071067812
sample size 40 40
x-y/(√(s1^2/
n1+S2^2/n2))
1.414214
p value > alpha
0.16523
3 > 0.05

20MARKET FOR ECO-FONE
1.8
Mean x e
p(x;mean
)
2 3
2.7182
8 0.180447