E-commerce System for Private Parking Solutions: IMAT5211 Report

This report explores the feasibility of an e-commerce system for Private Parking Solutions (PPS), aiming to improve efficiency, services, and revenue. It details a research methodology using systematic literature review and secondary research to develop an IT system with mobile functionality and IoT integration. The report includes a migration plan, impacts on PPS infrastructure, benefits such as enhanced parking, reduced traffic, and new revenue streams, as well as risks like data loss and corruption, along with mitigation measures such as reconciliation and data validation. The proposed system leverages mobile applications, sensors, and cloud technology to automate parking management and enhance customer experience.

E commerce system
Name
Date

Table of Contents
Research Question.......................................................................................................................................3
Feasibility of Research Plan/ Research Methodology..................................................................................3
Report..........................................................................................................................................................5
Migration Plan........................................................................................................................................5
Impacts to PPS and changes to infrastructure........................................................................................6
Benefits...................................................................................................................................................7
Changes to Infrastructure.......................................................................................................................8
Risks and Mitigation measures....................................................................................................................9
Data loss hazard.....................................................................................................................................9
Solution: Reconciliation..........................................................................................................................9
Information Corruption and Data integrity...........................................................................................10
Solution: Data Validation......................................................................................................................10
References.................................................................................................................................................13

Research Question
Can an e-commerce approach with an application enable private parking companies operate
more efficiently with improved services and increased revenues?
Feasibility of Research Plan/ Research Methodology
Private parking Solutions (PPS) is a UK firm that provides parking services in various locations.
At present, the firm uses cameras to help private car park owners better manage their parking
spaces. However, the company needs to grow in a new direction and provide parking
management services to generate new revenue, basing their system on information technology
and the upcoming concept of Internet of Things. Towards, this end, this paper outlines how PPS
can develop a new e-commerce system for parking services. A solution for PPS will have to be
developed in a theoretical model so it is understood, before the system can be implemented. This
paper proposes an IT system with mobile functionality, and incorporating the IoT technology to
enable PPS to attain the objective of growth and increased revenues and efficiency. A systematic
review of literature and using secondary research are the proposed methodologies for attaining
this objective. To gain an understanding of the concept, the use of existing information and
research is useful to help create the context for developing a solution for PPS. Undertaking
secondary research is cost effective, easy, and can enable access to vast volumes of relevant
information that will help in developing a suitable IS (information system)for PPS to use in order
to meet its objectives. Secondary research is a research approach that entails collecting,
summarizing, collating, and synthesizing existing research; results from primary research
conducted priorly for another purpose are used for the purposes of the current research. The
methodology to be used in conducting the research is systematic review of literature; this is a
research method in which past research is identified, selected, and critically evaluated for
relevance and content and then used for answering an existing research question. This paper
seeks to answer a research question on how PPS can leverage the use of an IT based information
system to meet its business and financial objectives. The systematic review of literature will
follow a well-defined and systematic framework with clearly stated criteria before conducting
the review (Dewey & Drahota, 2016). The research will entail a comprehensive and transparent
search for relevant literature on various databases that include Google Scholar, Research gate,

and Science Direct, as well as any other relevant databases that may be encountered. The focus
of the search and review will be geared towards answering the research question. The following
principles will underpin this systematic literature review;
 Clarity of question and objectives
 Transparency
 Equality
 Focus
 Integration
 Coverage
 Accessibility (Pittway, 2008)
The research will be evidence based in which past research with evidence of applicability of e-
commerce systems to business will be used and used to provide the justification for the proposed
system for PPS. The method (systematic literature review) is suitable for this research and
accompanying question because research will be conducted effectively without having to
undergo the complexities and costs associated with primary data collection.

Report
Migration Plan
PPS at the moment uses some form of technology; it has a website (found at
https://www.privateparkingsolutions.com/about-us.html) with social media presence, and also
have an interactive website through which customers can contact the firm and make inquiries.
However, its stated ambitions and objectives require a different approach, with a purpose built
information system to run an e-Commerce business. PPS requires a system that is easy to use,
and works on multiple platforms, while also ensuring the security of the users and parking lot
space owners. The proposed IT based information system is an application e-commerce suite that
users install on their mobile devices instead of having to just access the website; the application
is however linked with the PPS website and database system and servers to manage the entire
system. The entire system will have an advanced architecture with sensors that form the internet
of things (IoT), cameras, internet connection, servers, databases, a website, a cloud instance, and
mobile based application to form the access point into the system. Users will be able to
download the application into their mobile devices, either form the PPS website or from an
application store such as Apples’ App Store. Once they download and install the application on
a device (it can be installed in unlimited devices but with a single account name and number), it
will require then to post more details. The user will get a message from PPS to confirm their
mobile device number or type, and then they will input their details into the system, including
name, address, telephone, and a photo ID, such as a driving license. The user will then link a
payment system or systems, including mobile wallets, and credit cards, as well as online
payment systems. This information is then stored in the PPS database and the devices will have
GPS tracking enabled on them. On the backend, PPS will have sensors installed in parking lots
and cameras to create an IoT ecosystem that automatically updates parking space information
and updates this on the system. When a client wants parking, they simply go to the app, enter the
location where they desire parking and confirm; thesystem will then automatically provide an
update and location of an empty space and alert the user. Upon getting this information, the user
will then reserve the parking space and will be notified the time it will take them to get to the
parking; the user will have about half an hour to get to the parking. At the entrance, they will
pick a parking ticket token, or swipe their NFC enabled mobile devices onto a sensor and

proceed to the parking. The system will automatically count the time taken and upon exiting the
parking, the user will update the system to show they have exited the parking. At the exit, they
will either swipe an NFC enabled mobile device, or enter the payment message to have the
automated barrier open and clear them to leave. When exiting the parking space, the calculated
parking fees are automatically deducted from their linked payment method and a confirmation
with a code sent. The system is then automatically updated to show there is a free parking spot.
Impacts to PPS and changes to infrastructure
The system will enable efficient and streamlined management of parking spaces and lots for
PPS; it will be able to manage the parking spaces for various people and charge them a
management fee. The system will enhance its revenues because ideally, PPS will not own any or
several parking spaces; it will just manage them effectively on behalf of their owners. The
system will ensure increased revenues and better customer service through automated updating
of information on parking spaces, along with location. Customers will only have to punch in the
location where they are seeking a parking space, rather than driving around trying to locate a
parking space. PPS will not need to have a parking attendant at every location, although it could
still have them, but automation will ensure the availability of parking spaces is automatically
updated. Through the application, PPS will be able to provide excellent customer service as
customers will be able to post questions or seek further information and get an instant response.
Because the system will be centrally controlled from a cloud server, PPS will attain very high
levels of efficiency; parking spaces will not lay empty for long as the system will always provide
updates on availability and customers can then decide to reserve and use the available parking
spaces. The system will have an inbuilt pay processing system linked to a financial and
accounting system run by PPS. At the end of every parking session, the customer will drive out
and click their devices to show they have checked out. The system will give an update of the
time taken and charges, which the customer then confirms and the system deducts from their
linked payment method (for example, the credit card). The operational structure of the company,
how it deals with customers, and revenue management, as well as parking management system
will be drastically changed and improved. Within the system, a parking space owner can also
download the application and sign up as a parking space provider; PPS will then enter into a
contract with this client and they will be able to monitor the use of their parking space. PPS as

well will be able to get a high level view of operations, how many new customers, comments
from social media users, revenues raised, and even complaint and deal with them in real time.
Benefits
Because they will only invest in the application and IoT infrastructure as well as cloud database
and website with attached systems, PPS will attain high efficiency and low overheads and
wastes, resulting in increased revenues and an increase in the number of customers. PPS will be
able to be more competitive, offering a value service at a low cost to many customers that find
parking a problem, especially when they have to move around looking for parking. The system
will capture a lot of data including the number of active customers, their parking habits, the
parking spaces most in demand, amounts received for parking, amounts due to parking space
owners, and demand hours. Armed with this information, the management at PPS will be able to
make effective decisions using the amount of data the system generates. With social media
connection, PPS will be able to offer customer service, promote their business, and get insights
by capturing raw user generated data and using cloud system analytics service providers to
analyze the data and give details. The result will be that decision making will be accurate and
backed by facts and figures from system generated reports as well as big data analytics. This
way, PPS can continue to grow and scale up its operations with more customers and
subsequently, greater revenues and higher level of competitiveness.
Below is a Summary of the benefits of the New System
Enhanced stopping – Users locate the best spot accessible, sparing time, assets and exertion. The
parking garage tops off effectively and space can be used legitimately by business and corporate
elements.
Decreased activity – Traffic stream increments as less autos are required to drive around looking
for an open parking spot.
Diminished contamination – Searching for stopping consumes around one million barrels of oil a
day. An ideal stopping arrangement will altogether diminish driving time, subsequently bringing
down the measure of day by day vehicle discharges and at last decreasing the worldwide natural
impression.

Improved User Experience – A brilliant stopping arrangement will incorporate the whole client
encounter into a bound together activity. Driver's installment, spot recognizable proof, area
inquiry and time warnings all flawlessly turn out to be a piece of the goal entry process.
New Revenue Streams – Many new income streams are conceivable with brilliant stopping
innovation. For instance, part proprietors can empower layered installment choices reliant on
parking spot area. Additionally, remunerate projects can be coordinated into existing models to
energize rehash clients.
Incorporated Payments and POS – Returning clients can supplant every day, manual money
installments with account invoicing and application installments from their telephone. This could
likewise empower client faithfulness projects and important client input.
Expanded Safety – Parking part workers and security protects contain constant parcel
information that can help anticipate stopping infringement and suspicious movement. Tag
acknowledgment cameras can accumulate germane film. Additionally, diminished spot-seeking
movement in the city can lessen mischances caused by the diversion of hunting down stopping.
Constant Data and Trend Insight – Over time, a brilliant stopping arrangement can create
information that reveals relationships and patterns of clients and parcels. These patterns can end
up being precious to part proprietors with respect to how to make alterations and upgrades to
drivers.
Diminished Management Costs – More computerization and less manual action saves money on
work cost and asset depletion.
Expanded Service and Brand Image – A consistent experience can truly soar a corporate or
business substances mark picture to the client. Regardless of whether the goal is a retail location,
an airplane terminal or a corporate business office, guests will without a doubt be awed with the
front line innovation and comfort factors.
Changes to Infrastructure
PPS will require a total upgrade of its infrastructure, with a new enterprise system architecture
incorporating an e-commerce website, an application suite that can be downloaded, sensors with

internet connection, cameras with artificial intelligence, a cloud based database, and various
supporting systems. The systems include finance and accounting system, a payment processing
system, a HR system, and a CRM system with database to manage customer information as well
as their complaints. In addition, the system will have social media connectivity to be used for
customer service, advertising and promotion, and for providing insights based on customer
generated content and big data analytics. The IoT will require investments in computer systems
and sensors with internet connectivity and low power consumption, as well as intelligent cameras
for parking spaces. These systems will continuously feed information into a hybrid cloud server
with a database that will then update all the connected applications installed on user devices, as
well as the company’s website
Risks and Mitigation measures
Data loss hazard
At the point when information accessible in heritage framework yet after relocation process,if it
isn't accessible in target framework, at that point it is named as information misfortune.
Information misfortune is most noteworthy hazard in information movement. Cost included
redressing information misfortune and business cost required because of poor information
includes as to money related and notoriety hazard.
Solution: Reconciliation
There can be two collapsed compromise, Count Reconciliation and Key money related segment
compromise.
Contrasting number of records in heritage framework and target framework will give reasonable
evaluation about information misfortune in relocation. It isn't essential that dependably heritage
framework record check and target framework information tally should coordinate; there might
be business guidelines to dismiss records in view of specific parameters. In the event that such
principles were utilized, at that point number of records in inheritance framework should
coordinate with number of rejected records in addition to record check in target system.Tester
ought to likewise approve purpose behind dismissal are according to business rules.

Key money related section compromise is recording summation of all key budgetary segments
ex shutting balance, accessible adjust and so forth and contrasting amongst inheritance and target
framework will bring about distinguishing proof of information misfortune. On the off chance
that confuse is discovered, we can penetrate down to granular level to discover which record or
records were crisscrossing and underlying driver investigation should be performed to discover
purpose behind such information misfortune.
Information Corruption and Data integrity.
Arrangement and substance of information in heritage framework and target framework is
distinctive in examination because of relocation process then it is called defiled information.
Because of information movement, oddities or excess or copied information or nearness of non-
significant information are identified with information trustworthiness issues. Information
defilement and information honesty influences business and activity productivity and it
thoroughly beats motivation behind relocation.
Solution: Data Validation
Approving every single information amongst heritage and target framework is best philosophy to
keep away from information debasement. Following Data approval approachs are broadly
utilized
 Test Data Validation
 Subsets of information Validation
 Finish informational collection approval.
Test information approval: It includes in irregular choice of record from inheritance framework
and contrasting same and target framework. Testing isn't surrender confirmation framework as it
chooses little arbitrary records. Profiling tests records get further more information scope then
irregular examples.
Subset of information approval: Instead of picking arbitrary example records for check amongst
inheritance and target framework, here we pick subset of records in view of line number, for

example, initial thousand records or ten thousand to fifty thousand records. Just preferred
standpoint is it select more records and expecting more information scope in light of higher
likelihood
Finish informational index approval: It is perfect approval strategy that we ought to endeavor in
relocation testing. It thinks about each record in bidirectional way, looking at each record in
heritage framework against target framework and target framework against inheritance
framework. Short/exemption inquiry is utilized to look at information between frameworks. At
the point when two distinctive database sellers are included, such correlation is unthinkable, to
beat occasion need to make in possibly one database with both heritage and target framework
information.
Factor to consider in Data approval:
 Solidness of task.
 Information scope.
 Execution time.
 Effectiveness of Query/Script.
 Semantics hazard
Amid relocation, it happens at some point significance of inheritance section and target segment
hold same importance yet their unit of estimation is extraordinary and it significance of
information is totally changed. Vital to see in this situation is information isn't loosed or tainted,
relocation is effective yet not valuable in term of target.
For instance, on the off chance that we have a field called sum in the source database and it is
getting relocated to base sum in target application. In the source application, this specific field
manages the Indian rupee yet at target side, the base sum field thinks about US dollars. In the
event that 10 INR (Indian Rupee) is getting moved to 10 US dollars, it is a misstep since 10 INR
can never be considered as 10 US dollars.

Other such case is the source application fields manage decimal indicates up 2 however target
application does not think about any such imperatives. In some cases the source application
field's arrangement with decimal indicates up 2 yet target application does not think about any
such requirements.
Solution:
Constant clients and topic specialists ought to include in possibility think about and such
semantic issues ought to be recognized before in venture life cycle.
Test degree ought to incorporate experiments to recognizing the irregularities and inconsistencies
between the moved information and the parameterization of the objective application.
Analyzers physically think about items show in the source and target application by taking a
gander at the principle screen of the application.

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