This case study delves into the Australian economy, focusing on the Reserve Bank of Australia's (RBA) monetary policy decisions, particularly the cash rate. It examines the objectives of monetary policy, including price stability, exchange rate stability, and economic growth. The study also outlines the functions of money and the RBA, as well as Australia's economic relationships with China, Japan, India, and the USA. It analyzes the rationale behind setting the cash rate at 1.50 percent, the equilibrium in the money market, and the monetary transmission mechanism. The performance of key economic indicators such as GDP growth, inflation, unemployment, government budgets, and the housing market are assessed. Finally, the case study discusses economic growth, determinants of long-term growth, and sustainable growth strategies for Australia.