Impact of Education on Crime: A U.S. Case Study Analysis

This case study examines the relationship between educational attainment and crime rates in the United States, focusing on a cross-metropolitan analysis. The study investigates how education influences crime levels in various U.S. cities, identifying a correlation between lower educational attainment and higher crime rates. The paper highlights the increasing crime rates in U.S. metropolitan areas, with supporting data, graphs, and charts. It explores project objectives, including analyzing the effect of education on crime, and proposes strategies to reduce crime by improving educational opportunities and implementing targeted programs. The case study provides a detailed budget and timeline for the project, emphasizing the need for education and crime prevention efforts to minimize crime rates. It finds that a well-targeted program can create a positive impact and minimize crime rates.

Running head: CASE STUDY: EDUCATION AND CRIME IN U.S
Topic- Education and Crime in U.S
Name of the Student
Name of the University
Author’s Note

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CASE STUDY: EDUCATION AND CRIME IN U.S
Executive Summary
The paper focuses on the “impact of educational attainment on crime in the United States- A
cross Metropolitan analysis” in order to analyze the relationship between education and crime. It
is identified that the rate of crime are related with education. In addition to this, the paper also
reflects on the level of crime rate enhancement in various cities of U.S as it has been analyzed
that the rates of overall crime increases by 0.3% in U.S. The paper provides proper justification
in order to reflect the impact of educational attainment on crime. Moreover the paper also
elaborates the target of the project so that the levels of crime rate can be minimized in U.S. It is
identified that proper budget as well as schedule is estimated for the project so that the entire
project will be completed successfully.

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CASE STUDY: EDUCATION AND CRIME IN U.S
Table of Contents
1. Introduction..................................................................................................................................3
2. Summary of the case....................................................................................................................3
3. Project objectives and vision.......................................................................................................5
4. Motivation....................................................................................................................................5
4.1 Graphs and charts with supporting the motivation................................................................7
5. Target of the project.....................................................................................................................9
6. Justification of the targets............................................................................................................9
7. Budget........................................................................................................................................10
8. Timeline.....................................................................................................................................10
9. Conclusion.................................................................................................................................13
References......................................................................................................................................14
Appendix: Budget..........................................................................................................................17

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CASE STUDY: EDUCATION AND CRIME IN U.S
1. Introduction
The report investigates on the impact of educational attainment on crime in the United
States in order to analyze the relation between education and crime. The main aim of the paper is
to identify how education affects the rates of crime level in different metropolitan cities of U.S.
According to Hughes, Elliott and Myers (2014), education is considered as a human capital
investment that enhances the work opportunities in future and also assists in reducing the rate of
crime among people because it helps in enhancing the opportunity costs from different costs of
incarceration. On the other, it is stated by Nordin (2014) that the crime rates in metropolitan
cities are also rising as compared to the data that is collected in the year 2016.
The paper identifies the relationship between educational attainments of the people on
crime and also reflects on the rising crime level in various metropolitan cities. It is identified that
the paper provides proper justification about the rising crime levels in the cities of U.S. In
addition to this, it is identified that the paper also discusses the target of the report and provides
proper justification behind it. It is found that proper timeline as well as budget is assumed in
order to complete the project.
2. Summary of the case
The article “impact of educational attainment on crime in the United States- A cross
Metropolitan analysis” helps in investigating the relationship between education and crime. The
paper researched the levels of crime on a metropolitan city with the help of secondary data
analysis that was formed in the year 2015 by utilizing data that is generally obtained from the
census bureau of US and FBI (Bell, Costa and Machin 2016). It is identified from secondary data

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CASE STUDY: EDUCATION AND CRIME IN U.S
analysis that a negative relationship is present between education and crime. Therefore it is
identified that more the people of a city are educated the lower will be the crime rate.
Additionally it is opined by Heller (2014) that recent studies analyzes that crime is enhancing the
local unemployment while decreasing the rates of the wages.
According to DeAngelis and Wolf (2016), metropolitan cities are emerging quite faster
as well as larger. Therefore the goal of the case is to identify the empirical relationship between
crime levels as well as educational attainment across 342 metropolitan areas in the United States
by utilizing proper regression analysis (Vaughn et al. 2013). The model which was developed
helps in finding a co-relation between educational attainments by utilizing the specific data that
is collected from metropolitan cities in the year 2015. On the other hand, it is opined by
Hjalmarsson, Holmlund and Lindquist (2015) that education is regarded as one of the human
capital investment that assists in enhancing various work opportunities in the future and helps in
discouraging the participation in crime.
It is identified that education has subsequent impact on crime. According to Colen,
Ramey and Browning (2016), education assists in enhancing wage rate that further rises the
opportunity costs of crime. The paper reflects that the higher wages raises the opportunity cost
in two different ways. Firstly, the crime requires time and therefore that time cannot be utilized
for other purposes of work (Doss et al. 2017). Secondly each of the crime is mainly committed
for entailing expected incarceration period that generally costs more the people with proper
wages as well as labor market opportunities.
The paper also focuses on the correlation fallacy between crime prevention expenditure
as well as education. It is identified that there are number of factors that helps in enhancing

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CASE STUDY: EDUCATION AND CRIME IN U.S
education as well as crime prevention expenditure. The study helps in identifying that there is
very much little correlation between various forms of expenditure for controlling the money that
is spent on crime. In addition to this the paper also provides additional credibility for keeping
the juvenile crime rates lower.
3. Project objectives and vision
The objectives of the project are as follows:
 To find the relationship between educational attainment of the people in crime
 To discuss the effect of education on subsequent crime
 To analyze the levels of crime among educated metropolitan population
The main vision of the report is to identify the relationship between education and crime in
order to analyze the effect of education on different types of crime. In addition to this, it also
helps in analyzing the levels of crime among educated population of U.S.
4. Motivation
It is observed that as the prospects of education in United States are improving, the
prisons are filling with the individuals who generally suffer from different types of disparities in
the education system. Proper research reflects that the people in prisons have very much less
educational attainment in comparison to the general population of the United States. In the year
1990, it is analyzed that 68% of the prisoners of the US have not received proper education up to
school level diploma (Che, Xu and Zhang 2017). While it is analyzed that 48.4% of the general
population are educated with the post graduation qualification. It is analyzed that 1 in 10 young
people in US who drop studies are in jail in the year 1999. Among the white men, it is reflected

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CASE STUDY: EDUCATION AND CRIME IN U.S
that 13% of high school generally drops out the records of prison in the year 2000 (Dripps 2015).
It is suggested from the data that the impact of utilizing incarceration has increased and it can be
easily understood with the enhancement in the number of imprisonment among men with less
schooling
It is observed that the rate of crime in the metropolitan cities of U.S in increasing.
According to the chief associations of the major cities of U.S, 61 metropolitan police agencies
faces 6407 homicides that is 10 % increase from the year 2015. In the year 2016, the nationwide
rates were around 386.3% (Beatton, Kidd and Machin 2017). It is identified that even the rate of
violent crime is decreasing it is found that U.S ranks top with the most prisoners. On the other
hand, it is analyzed that the rate of murder in US becomes double as compared to the year 2015.
One of the new studies reflects that in the year 2016, the rate of murder in the U.S cities is
increased 14% more in compared to the year 2015 (Bell, Bindler and Machin 2017). The overall
rate of crime is increasing by 0.3% that reflects that with the increase in educational qualification
of the people in the metropolitan cities, the rate of crime is not minimizing. After analyzing
different reports it is identified that the rate of crime has been increased in U.S in the year 2016
as compared to the year 2015 (Chioda, De Mello and Soares 2016). The studies also analyzes
that 13 cities of U.S including Los Angeles, Philadelphia, Houston as well as San Antonio faces
increased violent crime rates including violent crimes, murder crimes as well as other types of
crimes. In addition to this, it is identified that other types of crime rates increases up to 1.2
million.

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CASE STUDY: EDUCATION AND CRIME IN U.S
4.1 Graphs and charts with supporting the motivation
8th grade High school College Higher
0
0.5
1
1.5
2
2.5
3
3.5
4
4.5
Series 1
Series 2
Series 3
Figure 1: Education rate of people in U.S
(Source: Created by Author)
Justification:
The table below reflects the percentage of qualified people in U.S it is identified that the
people who have high school as well as college qualification are more. However it is analyzed
from the research that the people who are in the prisons of jails have very much little attainment
of education or have left their studies in very early age (Mancino, Navarro and Rivers 2016).
Thus from the below graph it can be analyzed that the people who are educated 8th standard
qualified or less does more crimes as compared to the people who are educated. The rates of
crime by the individuals who have lower qualification are more in U.S.

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CASE STUDY: EDUCATION AND CRIME IN U.S
Murder crime Violent crime Other type of
crime
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
45
35
20
2.4
4.4
1.8
2
2
3
2014
2015
2016
Figure 2: Crime rate in U.S cities
(Source: Created by Author)
Justification:
The table below reflects the rate of crime in U.S. It is identified that the rate of crime in
the metropolitan cities has increased from the year 2015 (Ousey 2017). After proper analysis it is
analyzed that the rate of violent crime in the year 2016 has increased the most in comparison to
2015. The violent crime increases by 10% whereas the murder rate increase by 14 % and the
overall crime rate enhances by 0.3%.

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CASE STUDY: EDUCATION AND CRIME IN U.S
5. Target of the project
The main target of the project is to analyze the importance of education in reducing
crimes rate in U.S. The crime rate in U.S can be decreased by educating the people whose
qualification is up to school level or below that (Bucerius and Tonry 2014). In addition to this,
the crimes rates in metropolitan cities must be reduced by arranging proper program well-
targeted program. It is identified that the programmes create positive impact and therefore it can
be able to minimize the rates of crime in the cities of U.S.
6. Justification of the targets
It is identified that it is quite important to reduced the crime rate in U.S. the crime rate
can be reduced by adopting two strategies. The first strategy is the education of the people who
are not properly educated u to school level. Minimal level of education must be present among
the people so that they can easily judge between the right and wrong. From the entire analysis, it
is reflected that the chances of crime by the less educated people are more as compared to
educated people (Klein and Rice 2014). Therefore if proper step is taken by the government of
U.S to educate the people then it will be helpful in reducing crime. Secondly it is reflected from
the paper that the rate of crime in metropolitan cities are enhancing in spite of the education of
the people. In order to control the crime rate in metropolitan city it is quite important to organize
well-targeted programmes (Coker et al. 2014). If the goal of the people is to reduce homicides
then the program must be organized inn some hotspot area so that the population group cannot be
able to commit the violence crime. The risk factors as well as reasons of crime must be reflected
properly before the people and they must be complemented with proper treatment plan that helps
in reducing the risks.

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CASE STUDY: EDUCATION AND CRIME IN U.S
7. Budget
It is identified that the budget that is necessary for completing the project “education and
crime in U.S” is around $378,120. This budget is generally needed in order to complete the
various activities of the project quite effectively. The budget that are required for completing the
project tasks are provided in the table below:
Task Name Cost
Selection of topic $42,880.00
Research plan formation $242,840.00
Data Collection $71,200.00
Conclusion of the study $21,200.00
8. Timeline
The project “impact of educational attainment on crime in the United States” will be
completed in 485 days. It is identified that in the table below schedule of the project is provided
that reflects on the time that is needed for completing each activities of the project. The timeline
or schedule is required for completing the project on time as well as for managing the activities
of the project effectively.
WBS Task Name Duration Start Finish
0 Education and crime in U.S 485 days Tue 11/21/17 Mon 9/30/19
1 Selection of topic 46 days Tue 11/21/17 Tue 1/23/18
1.1 Selection of the article as well as the 6 days Wed 11/22/17 Wed 11/29/17

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CASE STUDY: EDUCATION AND CRIME IN U.S
topic of the research
1.2
Data collection with the help of
secondary method
34 days Tue 11/21/17 Fri 1/5/18
1.3 Creation of report layout 12 days Mon 1/8/18 Tue 1/23/18
2 Research plan formation 281 days Wed 1/24/18 Wed 2/20/19
2.1
Conduct of monetary policies which
enhances education and minimizes crime
rate
30 days Wed 1/24/18 Tue 3/6/18
2.2
Providing proper analysis of crime rate
among educated people of metropolitan city
25 days Wed 3/7/18 Tue 4/10/18
2.3
Analyzing the relationship between
crime and education
27 days Wed 4/11/18 Thu 5/17/18
2.4
Selection of proper techniques of
research
29 days Fri 5/18/18 Wed 6/27/18
2.5
Establishment of program for increasing
the rate of education
33 days Thu 6/28/18 Mon 8/13/18
2.6
Designing and implementation of
quality assurance work
28 days Tue 8/14/18 Thu 9/20/18
2.7
Enhancing the opportunities of
education and reducing the chances of
crime
22 days Fri 9/21/18 Mon 10/22/18
2.8 Providing proper education support 24 days Tue 10/23/18 Fri 11/23/18
2.9 Development of program for reducing 32 days Mon 11/26/18 Tue 1/8/19