An Analysis of Educational Robot Platforms for High School Students

This report examines educational robot platforms for high school students, focusing on their role in STEM education. The introduction highlights the growing significance of robotics in society and its potential in education, emphasizing the need for effective study of robotic platforms. The background section provides an overview of robot platforms, their benefits, and their role in learning, including the use of robots as educational tools. The report also reviews the benefits of robot platforms, discussing how they can promote teamwork, creativity, and problem-solving skills. Furthermore, the report describes the development of techniques used to evaluate the effectiveness of different types of technology calculations connected to robotics stages in the process of execution of Defence Advanced Research Projects Agency (DARPA) programs. The study analyzes the role of robotics in the classroom and the skills students can learn, such as communication, leadership, and community involvement. The report emphasizes the importance of choosing appropriate robotic platforms for high school students and concludes by discussing the potential areas to avoid while learning about robotics. The study uses a variety of sources to support its findings and provides valuable insights into the use of robotics in education.

Running head: EDUCATIONAL ROBOT PLATFORMS FOR STUDENTS
Educational robot platforms for high school students
Name of the Student:
Name of the University:
Author note:

EDUCATIONAL ROBOT PLATFORMS FOR STUDENTS
Abstract
Robot-based learning is firmly identified with instructive models, for example, savvy
learning, specialist based learning and versatile learning. Since robots can fortify and create
energy among youngsters, it has been expressed that robot-based training is a to a great
degree compelling method for learning for understudies and particularly for kids. Global
Journal of Advanced Robotic Systems is played utilizing a screen, speakers or the engines of
the robot. This cooperation has turned out to be a standout amongst the most vital elements of
the robot. Consequently, the insight of the robot ought to be sufficiently high and the
instructive substance ought to be well-made. This can render the cost of the framework
costly. Hence, the cost issue is one of the principle disadvantages for robot based learning
system.

21. Introduction
Table of Contents
1. Introduction................................................................................................................4
1.1 Introduction..........................................................................................................4
1.2 Objectives.............................................................................................................4
1.3 Significance..........................................................................................................5
2. Background................................................................................................................6
2.1 Overview of robots platforms..............................................................................6
2.2 Benefits of robot platforms..................................................................................7
2.3 Role and Behaviour of Robot during Learning....................................................9
3. Proposed Approach..................................................................................................10
4. Preliminary results and discussions.........................................................................25
5. Conclusion................................................................................................................29
References....................................................................................................................30

EDUCATIONAL ROBOT PLATFORMS FOR STUDENTS
1. Introduction
1.1 Introduction
Robotics is a considered as a developing field possibly impact on the idea of the
building as well as science instruction at every level, from K-12 to the graduate school. In the
paper, a robotic platform for high school students is reviewed. Since 1995, it has been
creating and showing robotics courses at the high school level, and over the most recent two
years, it has been likewise been occupied with conveying the robotics educational modules
to the K-12 group of onlookers, including the two understudies and educators. Thus, it is
important to develop an effective study for analyzing the role of robotic platforms for high
school students. Benitti and Spolao (2017) stated that the encounters depend on the way
toward planning and actualizing a lab-construct hands-in light of undergrad introduction to
Robotics course, a few graduate workshop robotics course with a hands-on robotics ventures,
composing a genuinely starting reading material on robotics, and working with K-12
instructors to convey a robotics educational programs to their understudies. In addition, it has
been quickly outlined a portion of the key features of these exercises, concentrating on what
might be the most significant general lessons (Karaman et al. 2017). Educating robotics at the
high school level, robotics is a normally convincing subject for building and software
engineering students, however never more so then when combined with hands-on lab work.
The study deals with evaluating robotic platforms for high school students.
1.2 Objectives
As robots are turning into a vital part of our general public and have incredible
potential in being used as an instructive innovation, it is important to advance a more
profound comprehension of the territory, it is exhibited a survey of robots in instruction
(Mubin et al. 2013). A few earlier ventures in the range are examined with the assistance of

41. Introduction
classification criteria. In this perspective, the dismembering criteria incorporate an area of
learning movement, the area of the action, the part of the robot, sorts of robots and sorts of
automated conduct. Present review demonstrates that robots are principally used to give
dialect, science or innovation training and that a robot can go up against the part of a guide,
apparatus or associate in learning action. It is likewise displayed on open inquiries and
difficulties in the particular field that arises (Fridin, 2014). The outcomes from our outline are
important to not just analysts in the field of a human; robot based organizations yet
additionally organization in instructive foundations who wish to comprehend the more
extensive ramifications of embracing robots in training. Thus, it is vital to choose proper
robotic platforms for high school students, which are achieved in the present study.
1.3 Significance
This paper depicts the improvement of procedures used to assess the adequacy of
different types of technology calculations connected to robotics stages in the process of
execution of two Defence Advanced Research Projects Agency (DARPA) programs.
Moreover, it depicts the process of these techniques were altered as well as improved through
the span of 4 years in order to adjust to consistently enhancing mechanical execution. The
investigation starts with early multi-group probes wheeled stages displaying unique
acknowledgment by traveling through detected conditions. Procedures portrayed incorporate
a choice of testing situations, the decision of an agreeable testing plan, outline and support of
testing condition, evaluator cooperation, and assessment measurements (Rubenstein et al.
2015).
As service robots turn out to be perpetually smart, their application ranges end up
noticeably more extensive in scope. Service robots have been utilized as a part of different
ranges, for example, training, kid mind, home administration and elderly individual care. In
robot-based learning, cooperation amongst kids and robots can be affected utilizing voice

EDUCATIONAL ROBOT PLATFORMS FOR STUDENTS
input, a touch screen or key cushion and different substance can be utilized. Specifically,
there have been various investigations where robots have been utilized as instructive
collaborators for youngsters. These systems are exchanged to new multi-entertainer tests
including that legged stages and adjusted in order to address specific issues of this
extraordinarily unique as well as difficult testing condition. The Key changes tended to
incorporate ID, choice, and outline of territory situations, moving from a detected in a
primary condition, moving to an aggressive testing plan, plan and development of a one of a
kind tested, more streamlined as well as thorough evaluator communication along with the
changes in center of assessment measurements. In addition, the key result of the process is
successfully empowered by the agency in order to investigate as well as survey the results
from two arrangements of the tests as it can anticipate for future robotics programs.
Robotic technology form a framework adjusts to nature it is in regardless of the
possibility that it is profoundly not the same as the condition the framework was at first
prepared in. In mechanical technology, this is a profoundly significant quality as it enables
self-sufficient frameworks to work in an assortment of circumstances without having any
requirement for a steady supply of the client input. In addition, the Defence Advanced
Research Projects Agency (DARPA) Information Processing Techniques Office (IPTO) has
processed these sorts of different types of advances under the depiction of "learning." There
are such projects Learning Applied to Ground Robotics (LAGR) along with Learning
Locomotion (L2) available for students. Thus, it would be important for high school students
to obtain effective knowledge regarding robotics and its platforms.
Through the extension of robotics help to communicate across distinctive technology
platforms and comprehend the audience of the platforms as well as obtain experience crafting
effective messages of several audiences. It is important to have important and effective
messages for several audiences. An important set of the process needs to be familiar with the

61. Introduction
career path. Robotics also can lead to community involvement. Teaching robotics in the class
room can be useful for creating a sense of community within the classroom that expands to
the outside community. Through the scopes like these, the students can start robotics as more
than a project for the grade. However, it is a tool, which is useful to inspire others.
Robotics can teach necessary skills for the community. The STEM skills for the
robotics are considered as the process. When students work in groups on a project, robotics
can be helpful to gain knowledge in technical aspects. Moreover, it helps to learn skills in
leadership. Robotics can be helpful to teach students to understand the process of
communication. In addition, there are several things regarding social media. However, there
are several potential areas that are required to avoid while learning about robotics.
2. Background
2.1 Overview of robots platforms
Robotics is considered as an interdisciplinary subject including segments from
mechanical, electrical, control as well as development of computers. It also offers effective
reason in order to instruct distinctive designing orders and their mix into frameworks. Robots
give a fascinating vehicle to show of fundamental building issues, and useful activities in
understudy ventures help to create aptitudes like innovativeness, cooperation, outlining and
critical thinking. Encounters with the courses using robots are accounted, for instance, on
artificial intelligence programming designing projects, hereditary programming and
equipment based vision, information structures courses (Lopez-Caudana et al. 2017). In order
to finish such courses and ventures including robots, colleges require stages which are
adaptable and particular, yet capable, so they can be effortlessly modified to the necessities of
various subjects. There are a few programming stages built up as of now in the inserted as
well as robotics world. On the installed side, there are also some little circulations accessible.

EDUCATIONAL ROBOT PLATFORMS FOR STUDENTS
However frequently these appropriations are excessively specific for a specific stage,
or they are business arrangements, decreasing the adaptability required in an instructive
domain. On the side of robotics, there are instances for the Orocos framework, which is a
CORBA-motivated approach of a huge determination of the open source programming for
robotics related control projects. Educational robots are regarded as an effective instructional
tool over previous years. There are several studies tested regarding the role of robots in order
to support educational activities. On the other hand, there is reliable empirical evidence that
confirms the effectiveness of educational robots. Hence, the study has evaluated the impact of
the proposed learning system.
As it depends on the standard Linux desktop conveyances, it has troublesome for
Orocos to meet implanted requests like an efficient use of the framework assets. The mix of
adaptable handling box and the Linux continuous condition are created at the L3S in Hanover
is outlined as a Linux based open-source framework, in order to fill the hole between a free
programming methodology and elite inserted processing. Other than the attention on the
prerequisites in research and instruction, a primary angle in the making of this framework
was to satisfy mechanical requests (Spolaôr & Benitti, 2017). Specifically, it tends to ongoing
prerequisites which are a vital issue in installed automated frameworks. Particularly in the
field of independent administration mechanical technology where sensors, as well as
actuators, are controlled by a system of few handling units such as physical and legitimate
units, constant components are unequivocally requested.
2.2 Benefits of robot platforms
When taking a gander at the normal college designing educational module, one finds
that the initial two years of undergrad ponder are for the most part held for single-teacher
arithmetic and hypothesis address courses, while the connected, lab-based courses are saved
for the third and fourth years. The course is created taking off from this methodology in that

81. Introduction
it advances group educating the staff and collaboration by the understudies with regards to a
hands-on lab involvement in the main semester of the understudies' first year at the college.
Comparative courses to the one it has been created are by and large apply autonomy driven in
a strict sense, frequently constraining instruction to the computational and mechanical
designing just, though the course covers an expansive range of building themes, including
biomedical designing and modern and frameworks building, notwithstanding the more
customary building fields identified with apply autonomy (West et al. 2017). These related
courses are additionally regularly saved for understudies who are past their first year, and
consequently can't as adequately address the issue of maintenance and decision of major
among designing understudies. Existing initial college classes frequently utilize LEGO robots
as the essential stage for hands-on robotics training. LEGO robots are appropriate for
empowering innovative mechanical designing and critical thinking.
Going through the procedure helps in developing robots in the class room. The
students can explore several distinctive learning pathways. Interesting in cultivating the
subjects, it needs to explore the passion of the students to develop subjects that are
understood to them. Use of the robotic platforms can be helpful to find new interest in 3D
printing as well as coding. Robotics curriculum allows developing procedures in order to take
the individual approach that could be helpful to develop. The learning pathways offer an open
platform where an open platform can decide to go with experimentations.
When assembling the robots are involved in speaking and bring ideas to life. On the
other hand, through the exercise are putting the robot and make it move. STEM lessons are
considered as important for the students as it prepares to get entry into the 21st-century
workforce. Through the robotics are considered vital for the students as it would be helpful in
the procedure. With the help of learning robotics program, it continues to enhance the skill.

EDUCATIONAL ROBOT PLATFORMS FOR STUDENTS
On the other hand, in light of the fact that LEGO robots and packs are ending up
quickly embraced in secondary school robotics programs, college understudies regularly
expect or possibly seek after more complex stages. Instructive LEGO robots are constrained
to independent microcontrollers, for example, the Handy Board8, which are regularly
unequipped for supporting more mind-boggling sensors. Therefore, straightforward stages are
frequently obliged to working in modified situations, without the capacity for true robotics
encounter. López-Rodríguez and Cuesta (2016) mentioned that in order to address these
confinements in like manner rehearse, it has been chosen two similarly refined robot stages
for our course. Through progressing to more modern stages of a cognizant bargain: the
understudies would not concentrate on building straightforward robots, but rather would
rather have a more extensive programming knowledge of more mind-boggling robots. This
choice additionally mirrors the personnel group instructing the course. The introduced course,
nonetheless, could promptly be organized around a robotics lab that includes working and
additionally programming robots.
2.3 Role and Behaviour of Robot during Learning
The robot can go up against various diverse parts in the learning procedure, with
changing levels of contribution of the robot in the learning errand. The decision relies on the
substance, the educator, kind of understudy and the idea of the learning action. Initially, from
one perspective the robot can play a latent part and be utilized as a learning
instrument/instructing help (He et al. 2014). This would particularly apply to robotics
training, where understudies would fabricate, making and programming robots. Then again,
the robot can play the part of co-student, associate or sidekick and have a dynamic
unconstrained interest where the concentration was helpful for learning with Asimo robot or
care beneficiary where kids are properly learned as they educated Nao robot. The part of a
robot as a coach has additionally been examined in.

101. Introduction
Robots can offer effective tools in order to teach engineering concepts, which is
employed in teaching as well as demonstrating several subjects to learn the process. The
practical exercise is helpful to make valuable skills like creativity, teamwork. There are
proper hardware platforms and software frameworks are needed in the process. The didactic
idea needs to be integrated as well as the ways are effectively found for sharing the materials
as well as knowledge in order to provide an allowance to the teachers from various subjects
in order to easily set up the courses. On the other hand, within the MoRob project, it is
required to focus on the issues as well as the process of integrating them into a framework. It
is also important to make effort in order to encounter the educational platforms.
However, it is evident that before the robot can go up against the part of a self-
sufficient guide, mechanical headways are vital in the discerning capacities of social robots.
In outline, it can be characterized those three fundamental classes of the part of a robot amid
the learning action: apparatus, companion or coach (Mead & Mataric, 2015). A comparative
dismemberment but named distinctively as finding out about, with and from robots has
likewise been examined in. An endless supply of earlier writing, it is obvious that a
reasonable mapping should be drawn out connecting the learning activities to the
collaboration style of the robot. For instance, for fundamental learning methods, an agreeable
robot was favored contrasted with the instructional robot to get dialect in a style of coaching.
The selection is generally represented with the help of impression of understudies. It
has been demonstrated that youngsters are eager to learn about robots that are carrying on the
elements related to the learning process. The level of social conducts is well connected to the
part where robots act amid the action of learning. It was discovered that the kids favored a
human-like conduct and voice for the Asimo robot (Vitale et al. 2016). Different qualities, for
instances, keeping up effective connection have been evaluated to draw in the understudies.
For dialect learning and intellectual improvement, social collaboration is basic as

EDUCATIONAL ROBOT PLATFORMS FOR STUDENTS
recommended by it may not be basic for specialized training, where an overview of two
robots was directed with respect to a month of utilization at home and school.
The two robots were an emotionless humanoid and an enlivened mechanical pooch.
The conclusion was that the two kids and their folks favoured the mechanical puppy.
Comparative outcomes have been gotten in, where a social operator was found to produce
substantially more enthusiasm when contrasted with a less social specialist and in, where a
more social robot prompted higher post-test scores while educating a remote dialect to grade
school youngsters in an investigation led by HRI scientists in Holland with the iCat robot.
The requirement of the way a robot "looks" physically is more adaptable; for instance, a
humanoid robot could conceivably be utilized to educate any subject (Martín-Ramos et al.
2017). All things considered, earlier research has investigated physical properties of an
automated instructor. In a quantitative investigation of the favored measurements of the
physical highlights of instructive humanoid robots is introduced.
3. Proposed Approach
The strategy for evaluating robotic platforms is important for gaining better
approaches to support instructing, learning and training on the robots. It is acknowledged that
the significance of students' previous information, originations and culture, and also of their
interests and shifted learning styles. Our approach urges students to take part effectively in
the learning procedure. Through apply autonomy students fabricate something all alone,
ideally an unmistakable question, which they can both touch and find important. In robotics,
students are welcome to chip away at examinations or critical thinking with the specific
utilization of accessible assets, as per their own particular advantages, hunt and learning
methodologies. They look for answers for genuine issues, in view of a mechanical system
intended to connect with understudies' interest and start inspiration. The robotics industry so