Effective Management: Planning, Organizing, Leading, and Controlling

This report, presented from the perspective of a senior manager, comprehensively examines the four core functions of business leadership: planning, organizing, leading, and controlling. It begins by defining good management and exploring the interrelationships between these functions, including the potential for a hierarchical approach or balanced allocation of resources. The report delves into each function individually. The leading section addresses the role of management within an organization, ethical considerations, the impact of personality and group dynamics, and methods for motivating individuals and teams, including managing communication, stress, and conflict in the workplace. The planning section explores effective business strategies, the importance of careful planning, and the use of tools such as SWOT and VMOST analyses. The organizing section discusses organizational structure, job design, and the significance of communication channels and chains of command. The controlling section covers the importance of the control process, evaluation of performance, and the most effective methods for employee management, including feedforward, concurrent, and feedback control mechanisms. The report provides a bibliography of supporting sources.

BUSINESS LEADERSHIP 1
BUSINESS LEADERSHIP
Student’s name
Name of institution
Course
Date

BUSINESS LEADERSHIP 2
INTRODUCTION.
Proper management involves coordinating and organizing business activities to accomplish set
goals and objectives. It consists in leading, planning, organizing, and controlling, which are
equally crucial for successful management. To lead successfully, a manager has to plan and
organize the activities and strategies as well as manage the employees.
Good management is where four core function of management in practice. The four management
functions include leading, planning, controlling and organizing and they relate with each other
due to that for well-functioning of organization activities then all these four functions of the
management should be used. As senior manager of the company I agree that one of the four
function is very crucial than the others due to that for the proper functioning of the organization
then one of the four function should be present1. As a senior manager of the company, I do
believe that four functions follow the hierarchy for them to function well. As a senior manager, I
do believe that I see it is very hard to unite all the four function as one since the four functions
should be addressed one by one following the procedure. As a senior manager if I find them all
functions to be equal I will allocate equal time and resources to each function should that it can
be balanced.
LEADING
1 Chu, Kai-wing. "Leading knowledge management in a secondary school." Journal of
Knowledge Management 20, no. 5 (2016): 1104-1147

BUSINESS LEADERSHIP 3
Role of management in an organization
The role of management is to lead the institution towards achieving its objectives, every
institution has aims and goals which it intends to achieve, and the government is accountable for
managing the resources available towards the fulfillment of those objectives2. The managers
must plan work and encourage every employee toward meeting the organization’s goals.
Ethical considerations related to management
The ethical management role is not only guiding the subordinates towards achieving the goals
but also to be morally upright. They have to act with integrity, and they should always be
transparent and do the right thing, even at the most tempting times. A manager should be role
models to other, discipline those who make wrong decisions and reward those who make ethical
decisions.
Role of personality and group dynamics in management
To manage successfully, it is crucial to understand personalities and group dynamics and their
contribution to the business3. When there is a good dynamic in a team working to accomplish
the same goals, every team member tries their best to achieve the objectives efficiently. Poor
group-dynamics affects effective performance and leads to bad results of the project.
How to motivate individuals and teams
2 Kerzner, Harold, and Harold R. Kerzner. Project management: a systems approach to planning,
scheduling, and controlling. John Wiley & Sons, 2017.
3 Remaker, Phillip. "Controlling resource management in a workspace." U.S. Patent Application
15/065,132, filed September 14, 2017.

BUSINESS LEADERSHIP 4
It is through teamwork that many goals are achieved when you bring together the skills of
different people and motivate them; they all work together to achieve the aims and targets of the
organization. There are various ways to encourage people and groups. They include: giving a
reasonable remuneration, making their working environment conducive and healthy, help them
to develop their career life, ensure they are happy and comfortable, encourage them when they
fail instead of punishing them among others4.
PLANNING
Managing communication, stress, and conflict in the workplace
People may experience work stress in their process of performing their daily activities at their,
which may affect their health. Some techniques of managing stress include: making sure that the
work given matches the skills of the worker, provide proper training for employees, clearly
describe the responsibilities and roles of employees, involve workers in decision making on
matters concerning their work, encourage social interactions among others. Workers may also
experience personal or interpersonal conflicts, for interpersonal conflict, they could use different
ways to resolve disputes such as accommodating, compromising, and collaborating while
counseling would work best for personal conflict5. There should be proper communication to
avoid stress and conflicts.
Relationship between the planning process and the development of the business strategy
4
5 Das, Bikramaditya, Bidyadhar Subudhi, and Bibhuti Bhusan Pati. "Co-operative control
coordination of a team of underwater vehicles with communication constraints." Transactions of
the Institute of Measurement and Control 38, no. 4 (2016): 463-481.

BUSINESS LEADERSHIP 5
To come up with effective business strategies, managers have to plan carefully. They have to
research to know which action is most effective when implemented. They also have to plan on
finances required to achieve the strategies, allocate tasks to different employees as well as
coming up with a time limit for developing and implementing the business strategies. If the
management cannot plan the processes, it becomes hard to build business strategies and even to
achieve them.
How to plan effectively and which tools and techniques work best
Proper planning enables one to do the first-things-first and finish tasks on time. Effective
planning helps the management to focus on the most critical issues and also achieve goals and
objectives. Some of the techniques and tools for planning that work best include SWOT
(strength, weakness, opportunity, threat) and VMOST (vision, mission, objectives, and
strategies, tactical)6.
The relationship between planning and managing change
Change is vital for improving your organization; the processes of evolution depend on the type
and reasons for the difference. Managers should adequately plan for the change and inform their
employees. Planning helps in understanding the reasons for change and dividing the activities of
the changing process allocating enough funds and time for each event7.
ORGANIZING
The importance of organization structure to effective management.
6 Kerzner, Harold, and Harold R. Kerzner. Project management: a systems approach to
planning, scheduling, and controlling. John Wiley & Sons, 2017.
7

BUSINESS LEADERSHIP 6
A good organization structure allows employees to work toward the overall benefit of the
organization; it prevents neglecting duties, duplicating functions, irrelevant activities, splitting,
and overworking individuals. On the other hand, a wrong structure can cause conflicts, friction,
and focus on the illegal projects8.
Importance of job design to effective management
For any organization to effectively and efficiently perform their activities, it must have a good
job design. Job design guides employees on how to carry out their tasks and gives the
information required by employees to understand their obligation. It has other benefits that
include: helps employees to remain committed, adapting to the work environment, builds skilled
employees, and helps the organization to be productive9.
The significance of organizational structure on communication channels and chains of
command
Chain-of-command is the hierarchy of communication from the top to the bottom, that is who
reports to who. It helps in the development of responsibilities and gives a management structure
as well as providing the power to make decisions. A good chain-of-command make sure that all
departments, job positions, and tasks have an individual responsible for performance10.
CONTROLLING
8
9 Arnold, Markus C., and Martin Artz. "Target difficulty, target flexibility, and firm performance:
Evidence from business units’ targets." Accounting, organizations and society 40 (2015): 61-77.
10 Brady, Robert. Business as a System of Power. Routledge, 2017.

BUSINESS LEADERSHIP 7
Importance of the control process for effective management
The control process involves assessing performance and relating with the criterions to find out
any mistakes; it provides a ground for future activities as well as correcting any error made to
meet the required standards. Controlling helps work in the organization to run smoothly, identify
any mistakes, and also helps in facing new challenges. It furthermore brings discipline to
employees, and makes them keep under check, prevents future errors, motivates employees,
enables coordination, achieving organizational objectives among many others.
Proper evaluation of progressive discipline and performance evaluations
Performance evaluating involves evaluating the performance of the employees and determine
how productive they are; the evaluation is done in line with the organizations' objectives.
Employee’s behaviors can be evaluated during this process by identifying the employee’s
achievements, weaknesses, strengths, and the potential they have. Poor evaluation leads to low
productivity11.
The most effective way to use control to extract the most out of your employees
Controlling is the last step of management, it focuses on matters in the process, before and after
decisions are made that is feedback, and concurrent. Feedforward is spotting and preventing
problems before their occurrence, a parallel is detecting and avoiding issues as they happen, and
feedback is identifying, reporting, and correcting mistakes after they are done.
11 Meyer, Klaus E., and Mike W. Peng. "Theoretical foundations of emerging economy business
research." Journal of International Business Studies 47, no. 1 (2016): 3-22.

BUSINESS LEADERSHIP 8

BUSINESS LEADERSHIP 9
Bibliography
Chu, Kai-wing. "Leading knowledge management in a secondary school." Journal of Knowledge
Management 20, no. 5 (2016): 1104-1147
Kerzner, Harold, and Harold R. Kerzner. Project management: a systems approach to planning,
scheduling, and controlling. John Wiley & Sons, 2017.
Remaker, Phillip. "Controlling resource management in a workspace." U.S. Patent Application
15/065,132, filed September 14, 2017.
Das, Bikramaditya, Bidyadhar Subudhi, and Bibhuti Bhusan Pati. "Co-operative control
coordination of a team of underwater vehicles with communication constraints." Transactions of
the Institute of Measurement and Control 38, no. 4 (2016): 463-481.
Kerzner, Harold, and Harold R. Kerzner. Project management: a systems approach to planning,
scheduling, and controlling. John Wiley & Sons, 2017.
Brady, Robert. Business as a System of Power. Routledge, 2017.
Arnold, Markus C., and Martin Artz. "Target difficulty, target flexibility, and firm performance:
Evidence from business units’ targets." Accounting, organizations and society 40 (2015): 61-77.
Meyer, Klaus E., and Mike W. Peng. "Theoretical foundations of emerging economy business
research." Journal of International Business Studies 47, no. 1 (2016): 3-22.