National EHR System Development Using EIA RA - ICT705 ATMC S1 2018

This report discusses the application of Enterprise Information Architecture (EIA RA) in developing a national Electronic Health Record (EHR) system. It highlights the benefits of implementing EHR, including improved efficiency, better decision-making, and enhanced data security. The report also addresses challenges related to information management and integration, such as the disparate nature of data, the volume of structured and unstructured data, and data sensitivity. It further recommends strategies for overcoming these challenges and concludes with the importance of implementing an effective EIA framework for developing a robust health information system. Desklib offers this report and many other solved assignments to aid students in their studies.

Running head: EIA RA IN DEVELOPING A NATIONAL EHR SYSTEM
EIA RA in developing a national EHR system
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1EIA RA IN DEVELOPING A NATIONAL EHR SYSTEM
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
The Health care system that includes the electronic approach of the electronic medium keeps in
track the record of the details of the patients who have been accessing the health care agencies
previously. The information of the health related issues could be shared due to provide
assistance in the field of biological treatment of the client. This restoration of the data and
sharing the same leads to the fact that fact of enhance of the treatment. This report will discuss
about the advantages for maintaining the health record of the clients. This report will also
discuss about the health care information system that uses the enterprise informatics. Several
model of EIA has also been discussed in this report. This report will further discuss about the
framework that will be ideal for developing the health care information is discussed in this
report. The report concludes by stating the facts of implementation the necessary and required
EIA framework that will help the organization to develop the effective health information
system.

2EIA RA IN DEVELOPING A NATIONAL EHR SYSTEM
TABLE OF CONTENTS
INTRODUCTION...........................................................................................................................3
ENTERPRISE INFORMATION ARCHITECTURE..................................................................3
BENEFITS OF IMPLEMENTING THE ELECTRONIC HEALTH RECORD....................4
BENEFIT 1.............................................................................................................................4
BENEFIT 2.............................................................................................................................4
BENEFIT 3.............................................................................................................................5
INFORMATION MANAGEMENT AND INTEGRATION......................................................5
DISPARATE NATURE OF THE DATA..............................................................................5
STRUCTURED AND UNSTRUCTURED DATA..............................................................5
DATA SENSITIVITY CHALLENGES IN MANAGEMENT AND INTEGRATION........6
RECOMMENDATION..................................................................................................................6
CONCLUSION...............................................................................................................................7
REFERENCE.................................................................................................................................8

3EIA RA IN DEVELOPING A NATIONAL EHR SYSTEM
INTRODUCTION
There have been major issues in the healthcare system since the problems that have set
to arise due to the latest adversities in the strata. These have grown with respect to the
demonstration of the workers, impending threats that arise due to the risks arising as a result
of unknown diseases. In addition to this, there has been heavy shortage of healthcare experts
all over the world who claim to share none of their expertise for the benefit of the people living
in the rural areas; rather they are more interested in serving people in the cities. These are the
challenges that forced the government to invest into the amalgamation of Information and
Communication Technology or ICT techniques and healthcare systems (Adenuga, Kekwaletswe
and Coleman 2015). However, it had been found that the implementation had been a faulty
one. Thus, began the implementation of a new set of technology, called HER or Electronic
Health Record, into the business that allowed storing of the different healthcare record data
and would implement it further into the invention of further newer technologies using these
data as a reference (Wang, Kung and Byrd 2018). The following report would thus include the
entire Enterprise Information Architecture to have a clear view about how the electronic data is
saved in the healthcare business discussing about the implementation of EIA RA technology and
the benefits it provide with the help of a detailed diagram. It would further include Further; it
would include the Information Management and Integration System with disparate nature of
entities and systems within the healthcare business, the volume of structured and unstructured
data and the sensitivity of that poses challenges for data management and integration. The
report would also include the challenges and the strategies to recover from these challenges.
ENTERPRISE INFORMATION ARCHITECTURE
The Enterprise architecture model is broadly classified in 4 different categories namely: -
 The orient group model
 Federal enterprise architecture model
 Department of defense architecture model
 Zachman architecture model
The EIA reference architecture is proponed with the benefits regarding the process of
the enterprise architecture. The major benefit of this health centre framework is that the
technology helps the framework to store the data of the patients in the data base for the future
usage of the data that is being stored in the data base (America C. o. 2009). The benefits that
are being enjoyed in eh curse of the project by storing the data of the patients electronically are
the facts like the usage of the Enterprise Information Architecture enhance the fact of
increasing the efficiency of the organization due to the increase in efficiency in storing the
information in the database of the system (Viceconti, Hunter and Hose 2015). The decision
making aspect of the organization also gets better due to the fact if the storing the data in their
framework which acts as the reference during the time of the decision making of the
organization. The usage of the Enterprise Information Architecture leads to the fact that it helps
the organization to make the management strategy of the organization regarding the data that

4EIA RA IN DEVELOPING A NATIONAL EHR SYSTEM
is related to the cost management of the company. The usage of the Enterprise Information
Architecture has gained a control over the employee management of the company, which
indirectly helps the organization to get a high turnover in the corporate sector.
Another benefit that the organization enjoys due to the fact of the introduction of the
Enterprise Information Architecture is that the infrastructural system allows the fact that the
technology is implemented properly and the return of investment is maintained with higher
efficiency rate (Smith et al. 2015). Another man benefit of installing the Enterprise
Infrastructure Architecture is that it helps the organization to gain the Infrastructural
communication that acts as the function in an efficient way in order to check the
communication methodology for the functioning of the organization (Birkhead, Klompas and
Shah 2015). This fact ensures the fact that the transparency of the infrastructure of the
communication among the employees of the organization and the communication stays
efficient and the hierarchy of the employees does not create a barrier for the organization
(Wager, Lee and Glaser 2017). The introduction of the Enterprise Infrastructure Information
provides the security that in case the data of the system leaks the data will still be stored in the
framework which might act beneficial to the organization for the further use.

5EIA RA IN DEVELOPING A NATIONAL EHR SYSTEM

6EIA RA IN DEVELOPING A NATIONAL EHR SYSTEM
BENEFITS OF IMPLEMENTING THE ELECTRONIC HEALTH RECORD
The usage of Enterprise Information Architecture finds its importance in the course of
gathering and providing the information about the organization. The technical strategy of
Bottom up approach is used for the functioning of this technology. This application of the
bottom up strategy helps the business organization in creating, using and maintaining the data
in the database of the organization (Brennan 2017). The organization that is applying the
Enterprise Infrastructure architecture takes into consideration of the source of the information
that is being gained by the organization. This enables the fact that the source of the information
acts as the reference of the authentication if the information that is being used by the
organization.
BENEFIT 1
The first benefit of the Electronic Health Record is that in case of the Electronic heath
Record, proper return of investments is the main concern for the organization that is dealing
with the issues of the organization (Sagha Zadeh, Xuan and Shepley 2016). The main purpose of
Electronic health Record is that it can calculate and estimate the profit that is to be gained and
the business turnover that possibly is possible for the organization is calculated by the
Electronic Health Record (Crowley, Hinchliffe and McDonald 2017). The usage of the Enterprise
Information architecture is that the planning of the task and the actions that is to be performed
is preplanned by the organizations. This aspect ensures the fact that threats that are aiming
towards the organization are dismissed and the potential threats are kept under control. The
data source also helps in curing the patients of the by knowing the facts and details of the
patients and the clients.
BENEFIT 2
The second aspect that acts to be beneficial for the organization as the data that are
collected by the clients must be safe and the data must be protected from being lost or forms
being accessed by the imposters who tend to modulate the data (White, Dudley-Brown and
Terhaar 2016). The previous case study allows the fact to determine the facts that include the
decisive decision making of the organization. The initial investment on the framework helps the
organization to gain the goodwill of the client, which again helps the organization to flourish
with a loyalty of the clients for the organization (Dinev et al. 2016). This technology not only
helps the organization to gain the good will of the organization but also helps the organization
to get the technology of the infrastructure efficiently placed which allows the betterment of the
organization in high stature. This technology also helps the organization to maintain a database
of a particular disease, which helps the organization to work efficiently.
BENEFIT 3
The third benefit of EHR is that the platform of HER helps in maintain in the gathered
data as the data that is gathered finds its importance in the future referencing of the data ;in
the case of the medical issues that acts as the probable cause of the issues in case of the
tracking of the data.

7EIA RA IN DEVELOPING A NATIONAL EHR SYSTEM
INFORMATION MANAGEMENT AND INTEGRATION
DISPARATE NATURE OF THE DATA
In a healthcare management system, the nature of data taken is complex, in term of
both the taxonomy of the data as well as the characteristics of the data. The system integration
and the collection of data both depend on this disparate nature that forms the base of data
analytics in healthcare business (Ginter 2018). All these data are collected from various
resources, however; for many healthcare providers, the data are not always collected from
places that are impeccable in their data governance habits. Since these data are intricate in
nature, the collection and storage of this data becomes increasingly complete, clean, accurate,
and prone to be formatted correctly in nature (Lacey et al. 2017). Multiple systems are used in a
single healthcare institute ranging to a various different range of medical data collection. The
use of multiple devices in storing these complex amounts of data is also necessary since they
are disparate in nature. There possibly cannot be a single device used for the collection and
integration of different data sets in the healthcare structure (Zhang et al. 2017). In addition,
strategizing to use devices that have the capability of storing huge amount of data in a single go
is also helpful in this regards. In one study, it has been found that in an ophthalmologic centre,
the EHR data and the data produced in the patient reports were matched by 23.5 percent of
the total records stored in the system (Hitz et al. 2015). EHR data was seen to not agree with
the patient data at all. These problems always tend to occur, and it is seen to occur because of
the disparate nature of the medical data.
STRUCTURED AND UNSTRUCTURED DATA
It can be clearly seen that EHR system implementation has been taken in account as the
latest technology of storing electronic medical and clinical data that is growing to become the
big data of healthcare industry. This is because this system integrates the data stored and
acquired in the system to use it further in other system integration like, finding a cure from the
data that has been stored in the systems (Manogaran et al. 2017). These data can be both
structured and unstructured. Structured data is considered as the patient demographic data
that is collected during a lab testing of the patient. This is an organized data that is entered in a
dropdown, checkbox or radio button fashion while collection of the data. Structured data is
consistent and resides in pre-defined fields within the record. On the other hand, unstructured
data is mostly unorganized in nature. It has ambiguity and irregularity. These data are mostly
considered as text-heavy in nature.
The studies have found that mostly all the data, almost 95 percent of it, available over
the healthcare system is unstructured in nature (Payne and Ediche 2016). Any data that is
transferred in the healthcare system that are produced through EHR devices are categorically
unstructured in nature. These data are very difficult to work with in general. Natural Language
processing tools in the EIA RA approach systems have the capability of acquiring a pattern in
these arbitrary data produced in the healthcare systems.
DATA SENSITIVITY CHALLENGES IN MANAGEMENT AND INTEGRATION
The challenges that sensitivity nature in storing of electronic data faces, are described as
follows (Raghupathi and Raghupathi 2014):

8EIA RA IN DEVELOPING A NATIONAL EHR SYSTEM
 Having compliance with the HIPAA technology
 Being compatible to the mobile devices
 Sharing of patient data within the healthcare institution
 Lack of integrations amongst the clinical and the administrative systems
 Analytics of the operations including the EHRs to perform profitability and
productivity
 Lack of analytics talent in the healthcare system as the machineries and
technologies follow ICT technologies, different from the expertise of a medical
background person
RECOMMENDATION
The most important part of recommendation for the EHR system is the consideration of
the implications of the evaluation of the electronic data produced. If this is implemented in the
correct procedure, continuous improvement and development of a learning culture can be
stimulated. If evaluation studies are studied further, negative results would just not be
published, but also actions should be taken on them. This is, however; a typically complex
procedure. Evaluation results might lead to make the conclusions overlooking at the aims of the
implementation of EHR system in an EIA RA approach. It is better to avoid the system in these
situations. Taken for instance, alerting systems that appear to be unreliable or alert too often
too fast will not be accepted by personnel or management of a hospital. It is therefore needed
that a formal documented action plan is implemented that is agreed upon by all stakeholders
and allocates responsibilities for improvement and identifies timescales. In addition, it is
important that there is proper communication of the actions and those necessary adjustments
are made in. Taken as an instance are the policies in order to make the actions possible. For the
interest of the health care community, it is important that negative findings are also viewed as
a basis for shared learning and action planning. In addition, it is required that the healthcare
systems should also be ready for the instances that are created due to the failure of the newest
technology systems. For instance, there should be backup data at the ready if any sort of
technological malfunction arises in the EHR systems. If these recommendations be followed,
there would not be any misinterpretation, redundancy of data and loss of data due to
technological failure.
CONCLUSION
Therefore, from the above report it can be concluded that the data that is stored in the
health center platform are used for the usage of the platform of the Enterprise Information
Architecture. The reports give the benefits that are enjoyed due to the aspect of collection the
data regarding the data storage of the health centers. This is used for the case of the benefit of
the clients as well as the planning of the organization. This is used for the case of the
maintenance of the health record of the data that is being stored in the processing of the
framework. The nature of the data entities that are used in the functioning of the health care
and the volume of the structure an unstructured data are also performed in the processing of
the Information System and the Integration of the database of the system. From the next part

9EIA RA IN DEVELOPING A NATIONAL EHR SYSTEM
of the assignment we get a clear picture about the data integration and management system in
the healthcare business. Any kind of data, that does not form into a similarity index or do not
fall into a particular pattern that has been detected in the systems can clearly be used as a
reference to make out the differences and form a new set of pattern. This enables the
opportunity to the healthcare experts to find out if there has been any undetected disease or
the presence of the symptoms of any new health problem. Thus, the benefits EIA RA and EHR
implementation brings about in healthcare systems form the most revolutionary change in
integration and management of electronic data in healthcare systems.

10EIA RA IN DEVELOPING A NATIONAL EHR SYSTEM
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