This report delves into the intricacies of voting behavior within the context of political science, primarily focusing on the factors that influence voter decisions during elections. It begins by outlining the electoral process, referencing Canada's federal parliamentary democracy as an example, and then transitions into a discussion of key determinants of voting behavior. These determinants include electoral contestation, which encompasses the level of competition in a political region and its impact on voter choices. The report further explores how political, cultural, religious, and racial factors, along with inherent emotions, political campaigns, party socialization, political views, and media influence voting decisions. It examines the impact of different election types, such as presidential, legislative, local, and referendum elections, on voter criteria. The report highlights the role of attitudinal factors, partisan loyalties, and ideological orientations in shaping voting behavior. It also considers the influence of socioeconomic factors like income, occupation, education, race, and religion on voter decisions, and the role of political campaigns and media in shaping voter perception and choices. Several theoretical models are discussed to interpret and analyze voting behavior. The report concludes by summarizing the dynamics of the electoral process, emphasizing the interplay of political ideologies, socioeconomic links, and the impact of mass media on voting behavior. The report also references the effects of education, employment, and religion on voting behavior.