Electrical and Electronics Fundamentals Presentation - University Name

This presentation provides a comprehensive overview of fundamental electrical engineering concepts. It begins with Ohm's Law and its application in circuit analysis, followed by an explanation of Kirchhoff's laws. The presentation then delves into the characteristics and operations of diodes in both forward and reverse bias configurations. Furthermore, it explores transistors, detailing their structure, different configurations (p-n-p and n-p-n), and their use as amplifiers. The presentation also includes a discussion on logic gates and a half-adder circuit design. References to key texts in electrical engineering are provided, offering additional resources for further study.

Presentation On Electrical And
Electronics Fundamentals

Ohms law
According to Ohm’s law ‘the electric current is
directly proportional to the voltage of the source
and is inversely proportional to the resistance
provided by the medium’

V = I R
Where r is called the
proportionality constant ,
commonly known as
resistance of the conductor
Ohm’s Law

Current is passing through
the resistor. a battery is
connected in series with
the ammeter .a voltmeter
is connected with the
resistor in parallel. The
ammeter and voltmeter will
be used for measuring
current and voltage
respectively.

In order to deal with the current and
voltage analysis of any complex circuit,
Two laws has been proposed by
Kirchhoff's, which is known by Kirchhoff's
voltage and current laws.
Kirchhoff's law:

According to the Kirchhoff’s Current law
“total current or charge entering a junction or node is exactly equal to
the charge leaving the node as it has no other place to go except to
leave, as no charge is lost within the node”
Kirchhoff's Current Law

According to the Kirchhoff's Voltage Law
“in any closed loop network, the total voltage
around the loop is equal to the sum of all the
voltage drops within the same loop
Kirchhoff's voltage Law

Forward biased diode
A diode is said to be in forward
bias when the p type region
( region which has holes or positive
charge carrier in majority) is
connected with positive terminal
of supply and the n type region
( region which has electrons or
negative charge carrier in
majority) is connected with the
negative terminal of the supply

A diode is said to be in reverse bias when
the p type region ( region which has
holes or positive charge carrier in
majority) is connected with negative
terminal of supply and the n type region
( region which has electrons or negative
charge carrier in majority) is connected
with the positive terminal of the supply
Reverse biased diode

Transistor
A transistor is three terminal
semiconductor device . The
terminals are known as base ,
collector and emitter.

•Collector is heavily doped and has largest
area.
•Emitter has medium doping concentration
and the area is smaller than the collector
•Base is lightly doped and smaller in area
than both collector and emitter
Transistor regions

There are two type of
combinations that is
used to design the
transistor.
Transistor can be in
p-
n-p or n-p-n
configuration based on
the arrangement.
Transistor configuration