Electrical Engineering: Effective Use of Monitoring Equipment Report

This report examines the effective utilization of monitoring equipment in electrical engineering, with a focus on ensuring safety and preventing system faults. It details the functions of key components such as transformers and circuit breakers, explaining how they protect against voltage overloads and other potential hazards. The report also investigates permit-to-work systems, evaluating their effectiveness through a questionnaire-based study and providing recommendations for improvement based on HSE guidance. Findings include the need for updated workforce training, more detailed work permits, and improved procedures for starting and stopping work. The conclusion emphasizes the importance of implementing these recommendations to mitigate risks and enhance workplace safety. The report uses multiple sources to support the findings, including academic papers and industry publications.

EFFECTIVE USE OF MONITORING EQUIPEMENT 1
EFFECTIVE USE OF MONITORING EQUIPMENT
Name of student
Institution Affiliation
Introduction

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Safety monitoring equipment is the equipment that is applied in the prevention of
the power generating systems from faults. These protective devices have components
which include the current and voltage transformers to reduce the amount of voltage
and the currents of the systems generating electric power for a convenient function of
the relays (Bentarzi. 2014). Another component is the protective relays which act as a
sensor of the fault and also initiates a trip and helps in disconnection. There are also
circuit breakers for closing or opening the systems based on relays automatically
(Meier 2013). There are also batteries which help in the provision of power whenever
there is power disconnection within the systems. These safety monitoring equipment
include Transformers and circuit breakers.
TRANSFORMERS
Instrument transformers help in creating isolations of electrical current from the
power system and this helps in the establishment of a safer ground for the technicians
operating the relays (Frank, 2013). Transformers also help in accurate reproduction of
power system voltages and currents over large operating ranges.
Excessive voltage.
Transformers prevent excessive voltage transmission hence providing protection
to the plant and the public including the workers within the plant. It does this by
disconnecting the devices which experience an overload. Transformers and other
items in small stations may need more protectors based on temperature or pressure of
gasses.

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Phase voltage overload.
Overload protection requires a current transformer which simply measures the current
in a circuit. There are two types of voltage overload protection. These are
Instantaneous overcurrent which requires that the currents exceed a predetermined
level for the circuit breaker to operate and Time overcurrent (TOC) that functions
according to the curve of current versus time.
According to this curve, if the current determined become above a specific limit for
the amount of time available, the circuit breaker or fuse will operate.
CIRCUIT BREAKERS
A circuit breaker normally breaks off the flow of current subsequent to a defect
being realized. The circuit breakers can always be replaced manually or automatically
distinct from a fuse that works only once and must be replaced (Hou,2012).
Excessive voltage
During cases of excessive voltage the transmission of electric power is managed and
given protection using high voltage current breakers.
Phase voltage overload.
Circuit breakers are instrumental in avoiding electrical overload because they are
made to trip, halting current from flowing to the overloaded phase of the building.
This means for instance, that if a 15-ampere would trip whenever current surpasses
15-ampere.When the circuit breaker trips, it is an indication that there are several
gadgets plugged in that circuit or some device that is malfunctioned (Russell, 2013). It
is therefore advised that the problem is located and corrected before resetting a circuit

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breaker that has tripped.
REPORT INVESTIGATING PERMIT TO WORK SYSTEMS USING THE
HSE GUIDANCE DOCUMENT.
Introduction.
Companies permit to work systems as a document is defined as a technical measure
document which is used to monitor work such as activities ensuring maintenance on
the chemical plant to enhance safety by reducing chances of major accident
occurrence.
Method of data collection
Questionnaire
This questionnaire was carried out within the systems namely Herbert’s helicopters
and Jason’s systems.
Findings.
(a) Authorization.
The report assessed the effectiveness of the labor force, conducting of the work permit
systems and the level of training of the workforce.
(b) Clarity of hazards and limitations.
The following health hazards were realized during the investigation;
(i) The human resource was not adequately updated increasing risks of failure in
their operations.
(ii) The work permit had little data on the work to be done (Overbye, 2010).
(iii) There was insufficient space allowed for realizing the needs of the work permit
system.

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Recommendations
- The workforce should be taken to in-service courses to familiarize them with current
trends in their areas of operations.
- The work permit should be supplied with sufficient data on the operations of the
plant.
- There should be elaborate procedures for handing over and handing back.
- There should be included in the organization a person in charge and he/she should
ensure that they keep up-to-date records of work and also procedures for starting and
stopping work.
- The organization should display its work permit and explain it clearly.
Conclusion.
In conclusion, the organization should ensure the implementation of the report, since
this will enable the firm to avoid several risks and perils which may occur in the
organization thus promotes safety at work.
Bibliography
Abdelmoumene Abdelkader, and Hamid Bentarzi. (2014). A review of protective

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relays' developments and trends.
Alexandra Von Meier. (2013). Introduction to Protection Systems.
Frank P,. (2013). Loss prevention in the process industries: Hazards identification,
assessment, and control. Butterworth: Heinemann.
Glover J.D, Sarma M.S, Overbye T.J. (2010). Power system and analysis. Cengage
Learning.
J.J. Kumm.E.O. Schweitzer, and D.Hou. (2012). Assessing the Effectiveness of Self-
Tests and Other monitoring means in protective relays. Annual western protective
relay conference.
Mason, C. Russell. (2013). The Art and Science of Protective Relaying.