Electrical Energy Systems: Transformer Connections Report

This report provides an analysis of electrical energy systems, with a specific focus on different transformer connections. It explores the characteristics and implications of various configurations, including Star-Delta, Star-Star, and Delta-Star connections. The report examines the advantages and disadvantages of each connection type, such as the handling of unbalanced loads, the presence of harmonic distortion, and the voltage phase shifts. References are provided to support the analysis. The report highlights the importance of understanding these connections for effective power system design and operation. The study considers factors such as cost-effectiveness, voltage characteristics, and the ability to mitigate issues like harmonic distortion. The aim is to provide a comprehensive overview of the key considerations when selecting and implementing different transformer connection schemes in electrical energy systems.

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ELECTRICAL ENERGY SYSTEM
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Conclusion
The presence of harmonic is due to non-sinusoidal characteristics of the magnetizing
current generating sin flux resulting in undesirable cases. The 3rd harmonic in the phase
magnetizing current in the star delta connection will be present in both phase and line current.
While for a star-star connection the harmonic current will flow in the phases and line including
the neutral wire. Star Delta connection has the following advantages (Phillips, 2019). At the
primary it is connected in star thus there are fewer turns needed hence it is more economical. The
distortion can be avoided since the neutral can be earthed. Bigger unbalanced loads can be
perfectly handled. This type of connection has some disadvantages like the primary voltage not
in phase with secondary, the secondary voltage is shifted by 300. The star-Star connection has
advantages like, it is possible to ground both the transformer´s side from a common point, and
there are 2 options for voltage (Heathcote, 2011). And some of the disadvantages are when the
secondary load is unbalanced then the phase voltage of the side of the load will change unless the
load is grounded. Delta star connection has advantages that include no distortion due to 3rd
harmonic, it is easier to handle bigger unbalanced loads, fewer windings are needed on the
primary side and winding connected here are less thus save on cost. The disadvantage of this
connection is that because of the shift between the secondary and primary voltages, this
connection does not operate perfectly.

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References
Heathcote, M., 2011. J & P Transformer Book. 2nd ed. manchester: Elsevier.
Phillips, P., 2019. Electrical Principles. 2nd ed. Hull: Cengage AU.