Embryonic Stem Cells: Functions, Types, and Research Overview

This essay provides an overview of embryonic stem cells, highlighting their crucial role in the human body and their potential for cell regeneration. It distinguishes between embryonic and adult stem cells, emphasizing the unique characteristics and functions of each type. The essay references Stephen S. Hall's book, "Merchants of Immortality," to discuss the advancements and challenges in regenerative medicine using stem cells. It explores the potential of stem cells in treating diseases like Parkinson's, diabetes, and heart diseases through therapeutic transplantation. The essay also touches upon the ongoing research approaches, including phenotype aspects and genetic profiles, while acknowledging the technical hurdles and ethical considerations associated with stem cell research. The conclusion underscores the importance of understanding stem cell differentiation for addressing severe disorders and potentially revolutionizing human life, as suggested by Hall's work.

Running Head: Embryonic Stem Cells 0
Embryonic Stem Cells
September 29
2019

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Embryonic Stem Cells
In the human body there are millions of cells are present and they are responsible for different
biological activities which take place in the body of human. Similarly in human body the Stem
cells are the special kind of cells having an ability through which it can renew itself as well as
become the reason for the regeneration of other types of specialized cells. Like other cells of
human body such as heart cells (Dolan 936-950), or cells of skin which are responsible to
perform various function but the stem cells do not perform any action until they get transformed
into a specialized cell. Basically there are two types of stem cells defined as embryonic stem
cells and adult stem cells both of these cells have their own specific functions and characteristics.
According to the book written by Stephen S. Hall entitled as Merchants of Immortality states
which is based upon the regeneration of the medicine of cell therapy by using the embryonic and
adult stem cells. The progress of this field has been conducted through the events which were not
lying under the science and medicine. It is still a question that regenerative medicine through
stem cell can be developed. Most of the time it is said that for using the embryonic cells huge
amount of potential is available but the stages for using it, steps that have to be followed for the
different diseases it is still hard to understand. It would require long time to conclude the result
by the scientist; also Hall said that “figuring out these messy details will keep the scientists busy
for a very long time (Hall 439).”
For every living organism, the stem cells are important as there are many reasons. For the
development of fetus the stem cell plays critical role it gives rise to different cells which are
responsible for making heart, lungs, skin and other tissues. According to the hypothetical theory
it is assumed that in future for the cure of Parkinson diseases (Kumar 770-776), diabetes and
heart diseases will be cured by therapeutic transplantation in which use of stem cells will be
dominant. To study the stem cells there are various approaches in which phenotype aspect,
morphology, extracellular matrix, etc. are included. In terms of biology, the stem cells are the
fascinating area; however, there are many doubts also arise with the new discoveries in stem cell
research (Sasai 44-45).
If the hypothetical perspective on the use of stem cells is considered then these cells will be cure
of such diseases which are severe and cannot be treated. There is various technical hurdles act as
barrier between the researchers and the outcomes of the research. But the human work is to start

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attempting the try which is available to solve the questions and mysteries. The researchers are
investigating the genetic profile and transcriptomes on the stem cells. The main aim of the
scientists should be to identify the reason by which these stem cells are differentiated; many
severe disorders which arise in human body such as cancer, and birth defects are because of the
differentiation and abnormal division of cells. If the human will able to found the differentiation
of stem cells then it is possible the ways or methods explained by Hall can change the vision of
human life (Takagi 133-147).

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References
Dolan, Adam E., et al. "Introducing a spectrum of long-range genomic deletions in human
embryonic stem cells using type I CRISPR-Cas." Molecular cell 74.5 (2019): 936-950.
Hall, Stephen S. “Merchants of Immortality: Chasing the Dream of Human Life Extension.
(2003): 439. ”
Kumar, Akhilesh, et al. "Notch activation at the hematovascular mesoderm stage facilitates
efficient generation of T cells with high proliferation potential from human pluripotent stem
cells." The Journal of Immunology 202.3 (2019): 770-776.
Sasai, Yasushi. "Synthesis and Evaluation of Functional Hydrogel Thin Films for Application to
Cell Culture Technology." Impact 2019.3 (2019): 44-45.
Takagi, Seiji, et al. "Induced Pluripotent Stem Cell-Based Cell Therapy of the Retina." Medical
Applications of iPS Cells. Springer, Singapore, 2019. 133-147.