Report on Emergency Services: Legislation, Response, and Planning

This report provides an overview of emergency services, focusing on legislation, responsibilities during incidents, and planning strategies. It begins by outlining current legislation and policies, including the Policing and Crime Act 2017, Fire and Service Rescue Act 2004, Health Act 2006, and Civil Contingency Act 2004, detailing their roles and responsibilities in emergency situations. The report then explores the responsibilities of various entities during emergency incidents, such as JESIP, fire authorities, and ambulance services. Furthermore, it examines the roles of public service agencies, including fire services, police services, ambulance services, and local government, during major incidents. The report also covers the planning steps involved in responding to major incidents, including identification, investigation, recovery, and follow-up. The report uses the Flood of January 2005 in Carlisle, North England as a case study. Finally, the report includes references to relevant books and journals.

REPORT

TABLE OF CONTENTS
MAIN BODY...................................................................................................................................3
Task 1...............................................................................................................................................3
Current legislations and policies for emergency services...........................................................3
Responsibilities while responding to emergency incidents........................................................4
Role of public service agencies in major incidents ....................................................................4
Planning steps while responding to major incident.....................................................................6
REFERENCES................................................................................................................................7

INTRODUCTION
Government of the country always take care of making policies that can help in offering best
services n emergency. Present report will explain various legislation for emergency services. It
will describe responsibilities while responding to emergency incidents.
Task 1
Current legislations and policies for emergency services
The chemical incidents mainly occurs due to some technological incidents, conflicts,
natural disaster, terrorist etc and thus harms the human health as well as environment.
Policing and crime act 2017
This is one of the well-known legislation for the emergency services where the role of
Police is highly imperative. This is the act of parliament which was formed in United Kingdom.
As per this act, main responsibility of police in the emergency services is to investigate the
incident place thoroughly for evidence. Besides this, they are also responsible for providing the
protection to victims until specialized forces arrive (Neville and et.al.,2018).
Fire and service rescue act 2004
This is the another legislation which came into the force in 2004 and is act of parliament
within UK. This legislation applies to the Great Britain along with its provisions applying to
England as well as Wales. This act mainly clarifies as well as define duties as well as powers of
the fire authorities during the emergency services. According to this act, fire authority in UK is
mainly responsible for promoting the fire safety during the chemical incident and protecting the
people from extreme fire which emerged due to chemicals (Seba and et.al.,2019).
Health act 2006
This is one of the most important legislation being established in UK and thus applies to
the various healthcare facilities including NHS. The provision of this act applies to the services
of NHS and thus provides various administrative services to people. The major responsibility of
NHS as per this act is to perform the emergency healthcare functions of victims in chemical
incident and are bound to provide urgent health services (Nikolai, Njoroge and Madey, 2018).
Civil contingency act 2004
This act is describes obligation that needs to be beard by organization for certain
emergency services.. It gives power to government to organize events for the emerge of large
scale (Civil Contingencies Act 2004, 2020). This is responsible for risk assessment and

emergency preparation as well. In part 1 two categories are here. In category 1 risk assessment
is done and emergency planning is made. Information are shared. In category 2 health safety
executives work to responds on these emergencies. Part 2 reflects developments over aperiod of
time to deal with emergencies. This is the act of parliament in IK and thus makes the provisions
for military as well as civil agents during any contingency or emergency. The provision of this
law mainly applies to Great Britain covering England and Wales. According to this act, the
primary responsibility of military and commandeers is to assist the victims in rescue and provide
emergency treatment to the casualties. Besides this, they are responsible for safeguarding the
public health suffering from the severe effects of chemical incident (Sylves, 2019).
Responsibilities in emergency incidents
JESIP that is Joint emergency services interoperability principles was mainly developed
for improving as well as to standardize ambulance and police services (Joint Emergency Services
Interoperability Principles, 2020). They are responsible for looking for any evidences at the site
and providing the protection as well as relief to the victims. Apart from this, they are responsible
for maintaining a constant communication with the rescue team operating in the unknown
territories during adverse situations like chemical incident (Li and et.al.,2019).
Its main role is to work in collocations, they have to give commands and commandeers
make the team ready to implement functions to resolve the emergency situations.
Communication is another responsibility where all joint teams work together and share
information so that correct resources can be used at right place to deal with emergency situation.
Sharing of situational awareness is another responsibility of authorities. Where they have to
make other departments aware with the level of risk and accurate way to deal with it.,
Another entity which is responsible i\body for quickly responding to the emergency
incidents is fire authorities. It is much obvious that one of the leading factor giving rise to
chemical incident is release of the hazardous substances and thus leads to the explosion as well
as fie in surrounding areas. Here, fire as well as rescuer team also work to respond quickly in
emergency. The major and the foremost responsibility of fire authority is to rescue the people
from fire and fighting the severe explosion due to fire. Along with this, they are also bound to
provide emergency service to victims and their families injured in the chemical incident
(Fantacci and et.al.,2016).

Ambulance services is the another main entity which plays a vital role during the
emergency services and are responsible for providing services to victim (Joint Emergency
Services Interoperability Principles, 2020). On of the major and most important responsibility of
ambulance services is to provide hospitalize services to people and their families to the
healthcare facilities and hospitals and providing the immediate services. Besides this, along with
transporting them safely to hospitals the team of ambulance services is required to provide first-
aid to deal with victims having cardiac arrest, crush etc. Another main responsibility of
ambulance is to provide the 24-hour assistance as well as medical products like beds, oxygen to
causalities injured in the chemical incident (Woods and et.al.,2017).
Role of public service agencies in major incidents
The public service agencies plays an important role in responding to the severe major
incidents and providing relief to the causalities along with their families. There are various
public agencies which are involved during the occurrence of emergency situations like chemical
incidents and their roles are highly defined and well-structured (Neville and et.al.,2018).
Flood of January 2005 in Carlisle north England
Flooding from January 2005 affected 2700 homes, killed three people in Carlisle and
brooked down 1900 properties. . Business get affected and no visisotrs were interested to come
to this location.
Fire services
This is one of the first and foremost agency with is involved in responding to the major
incidents in JESIP. Their role is highly crucial as well as commanding. One of the most
remarkable and significant role of fire services in chemical in incident is to provide relief from
fire and thus save people from its effect. They play the role of life saver where they after arriving
at the site firstly extinguishes the fire and provide emergency services to the victims (Seba and
et.al.,2019).
Police services
This is the second public agencies which works in the emergency situation in JESIP and
plays a highly essential role in proving care and facilities to causalities along with their families.
The primary role which this agency plays during the major incident is facilitating the movement

of the various services and supplies to victims. They are responsible for clearing off the traffic
during transporting victim to hospital and other care services.
Ambulance services
This is one of the most widely known as well as most important public agency which
operates during the occurrence of chemical incident. Here the main role of ambulance is to
provide the immediate health facilities to victims and their families and safely taking them to the
hospitals. They are responsible for providing the clinical interventions to ill patients as well as
transporting them to emergency unit. Besides this, another role of ambulance services is to
communicate with the authority of hospital to make the necessary arrangements for treatment
before the patient arrives the hospital (Nikolai, Njoroge and Madey, 2018).
Government (local authority)
This is the another public agency which is responsible for taking the quick actions during
emergence of incidents. The main role of government of UK in the emergency situations is to
provide the proper framework as well as resources to the hospitals for treating causalities injured
during chemical incident. Besides this, they are mainly responsible for providing the financial
services to the victim and their families for effective treatment and care. Along with this, this
agency is also responsible for managing the whole crisis and communication constantly with
other agencies for any update (Sylves, 2019).

Planning steps while responding to major incident
Planning
This is the foremost step in planning for the major incident like chemical incident. This
mainly involves identifying incident and analyzing it. The main importance of this stage is that it
helps the agencies as well as organizations to handle situation appropriately (Li and et.al.,2019).
Steps of planning are described as below:
Identification
This is the another stage in which the agencies identify the actual and real incident for
example chemical incident. The main importance of this stage is that it allows the team to
classify the incident and have the proper information about details (Fantacci and et.al.,2016).
First authorities need to identify the emergency issue and accordingly they have to take
immediate action on it.
Investigation
This is the third stage in which the agencies investigate as well as identifies the various
aspects related to the incident. Here the various agencies like police investigates any issue and
prepares a documentation regarding any evidences for chemical incident. The major importance
as well as benefit of this stage is that it helps the planning team to carry out the incident in
effective manner and helps them to look for each and every detail to draw the conclusion
(Neville and et.al.,2018). Once issue is identified then authorities have to investigate the rout
cause of this emergency event so that rescue team can be prepared accordingly.
Recovery
This is the fourth stage in planning for the incident in JESIP where the agencies after
proper investigation draws a result and thus provide recovery and care to the causalities and their
families. In this stage, multi-agencies like fire authority, police, ambulance plays the major role
and the importance of this stage is that it helps the agencies to make the proper contingency plan
for recovery. This stage helps the agencies to implement the various care facilities and provide
timely treatment to causalities (Woods and et.al.,2017). One entire location is investigated then
team can make recovery plan and can implement the entire plan. This would help in speedy
recovery of situation.
Follow up

This is the last stage followed by recovery stage in which after returning to the normal,
follow up is taken from the people involved in the incident. The major important of this stage is
that it helps the agencies to know that whether their wok has been successful or not and whether
the whole process was conducted timely and effectively or not (Seba and et.al.,2019). This will
help in avoiding occurrence of such kind of emergency issues in near future.
Task 2 covered in ppt

REFERENCES
Books & Journals
Fantacci, R and et.al.,2016. The Use of Social Networks in Emergency Management. In Wireless
Public Safety Networks 2 (pp. 25-61). Elsevier.
Li, W and et.al.,2019, April. A Novel Multi-mode Electric Power Emergency Communication
System. In 2019 IEEE 4th International Conference on Cloud Computing and Big Data
Analysis (ICCCBDA) (pp. 609-612). IEEE.
Neville, K and et.al.,2018. Evaluating an emergency management decision support system with
practitioner-driven scenarios: action design research.
Nikolai, C., Njoroge, S. and Madey, G., 2018, April. Integrating agent-based simulation into
emergency operations center training command and control systems. In Proceedings of
the Agent-Directed Simulation Symposium (p. 1). Society for Computer Simulation
International.
Seba, A and et.al.,2019. A review on security challenges of wireless communications in disaster
emergency response and crisis management situations. Journal of Network and Computer
Applications.126. pp.150-161.
Sylves, R.T., 2019. Disaster policy and politics: Emergency management and homeland
security. CQ Press.
Woods, R.J and et.al.,2017. Science to emergency management response. Bulletin of the New
Zealand Society for Earthquake Engineering.50(2). pp.329-337.
Civil Contingencies Act 2004. 2020. [Online]. Available through <
http://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/36/contents>
Joint Emergency Services Interoperability Principles. 2020. [Online]. Available through <
https://www.college.police.uk/What-we-do/Support/Learning/Pages/Joint-Emergency-Services-
Interoperability-Programme.aspx >