Emergency Management Report: Public Services and Incident Response

This report provides an in-depth analysis of integrated emergency management, focusing on the roles and responsibilities of public services in the United Kingdom. It begins by outlining the relevant legislation and guidance, particularly the Civil Contingency Act of 2004, and categorizes responders into Category 1 and 2, emphasizing the importance of local authorities and supporting organizations. The report details the Joint Emergency Services Interoperability Programme (JESIP) and the METHANE model, crucial for effective incident management. It then explores the statutory responsibilities of various public services, including healthcare providers like BMI Healthcare, the military, police, and ambulance services, highlighting their roles in planning and responding to emergencies, particularly during events like floods. The report emphasizes key considerations for public services in emergency planning, such as information management, integration, cooperation, anticipation, and preparedness, all essential for an effective response. It also examines the circumstances and processes for military support during emergencies, underscoring the need for a coordinated approach to protect lives and manage resources. The report concludes by synthesizing the key elements of emergency management, underscoring the importance of comprehensive planning and inter-agency collaboration. This report will be a useful resource for students on Desklib.

INTEGRATED EMERGENCY
MANAGEMENT

TABLE OF CONTENTS
INTRODUCTION...........................................................................................................................1
P1 Legislation and guidance stipulating public services must deal with emergency incidents. .1
P2 Public services having statutory responsibility in planning for and responding to
emergency incidents....................................................................................................................4
P3 Role played by public services in emergency planning.........................................................5
P4 Considerations for public services while emergency planning..............................................6
CONCLUSION................................................................................................................................7
REFERENCES................................................................................................................................9

INTRODUCTION
Emergency management is a significant procedure to control and manage each and every
undesirable conditions. It includes number of actions planning and required frameworks to assess
needs to cater affected population. This study will focus on such basic principles for emergency
management (Qiu, Zhu and Fan, 2017). It will include BMI healthcare organization of UK
founded in year 1970 to reflect and relate the mentioned tasks of report. There are variant of
emergency situations that can affect a large portion of people which need to analyzed and its
management plan must be prepared according to casualties type. This report will cover
description to legal laws and guidelines related to emergencies. It will also reflect the role played
by public service providers in case of casualties. The report will lay down emphasis on basic
considerations related to emergency planning as well.
P1 Legislation and guidance stipulating public services must deal with emergency incidents
A general law that has been introduced to control the emergency situations is Civil
Contingency Act, 2004. The act states different responders and their classifications to manage
the situations (Sahebjamnia, Torabi and Mansouri, 2015). According to the act, the service
providers like local authorities and other bodies or supporting organizations need to be highly
Category 1 responders
In this category, all principle supportive service providers need to be active during the
time of emergencies. It includes, health care providers, environmental agencies, fire and police
authorities and all local authorities providing significant support to the victims.
Category 2 responders
These responders need to align their services with the actions of category 1 responders to
maintain the financial status of involved organizations and to establish a sustainable folio for
different service providers. It includes the service providers such as local authorities, Utility
providers and other transport services providers. Under the terms and condition laid down within
the sections of contingencies act, there is an important part which needs to be played by Local
authorities. They are responsible to help community at basic level by providing them necessary
utilities and other required services.
Joint Emergency Services Interoperability Programme (JESIP)
This program includes all the principles and working plan of the three services together. Police,
fire and rescue and Ambulance services are managed under this program. It is implies certain
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significant considerations and working pattern of these services at times of natural calamities.
Under this program, the service providers are required to act upon Methane Model to implement
the stages of action plan in a proper way.
M/ETHANE
It is the set of specified stage to maintain and manage all the situation persist within a casualty.
The plan need to be followed according to the mentioned stages to ensure the coverage of each
and significant information or data that need to be covered.
Major Incident
Service providers must include the all the information related to that of the level incident
occurs. Flood is one of the major incident that has to be identify by service provider.
Exact location
Location is the place where incidents happen at that moments service providers need to be
quickly deliver exact location about incident to healthy and social care institutes like,
hospitals and private nursing care.
Type of incidents
Classification of type of incidents must be communicated within every public service
organizations. Flooding, disease outbreak and fire are the types of incidents that need to be
resolve as faster as service provider can. Flood is one of the major incident that impact
whole economy and destroy development of country.
Hazards
The severity and all hazards related to the occurred disruption need to be assessed y
regulating bodies. Such as, Lack of food items and spread disease of contaminated water
that effects human healthy and make them ill and loss of human life is one of that damage
which is caused by floods (Qiu, Zhu and Fan, 2017). Drinking water suppliers will be
polluted, especially if sewage treatment plants are within flooded area. Chronic diseases
may be the result of this contamination. Transported program also will be disrupted as
result food suppliers and aid delayed. Human get caught in high velocity food waters and
drown in it.
Actions
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The service providers need to be alert, assemble disaster supplies, be prepared to evacuate are the
actions that must be take during flood or other major severity.
Number of casualties
The service providers need to calculate the number of casualties that will deliver high
amount of support to healthcare settings to gather range of
Emergency services
The type of services and its availability need to match with the disaster occurred to deliver
suitable services to the people.
Local Resilience Forum
It provides and maintain high level of coordination among the service providers of category 1
and 2 workers. Other than all the regulations mainlined under civil contingencies act, it has also
laid emphasis on partnership forums that can be highly supportive in terms of strengthening the
connections with various public service providers. Along with all these sections, the
environmental agencies also play an important role of information distribution and awareness
regarding upcoming weather disruptions (King and et.al., 2016). These legal frameworks provide
highly standardized action plan to all committees to reciprocate in a specified manner.
Apart from the major implications and sections of law, there exists certain guiding principles to
control the emergencies within any set up or local area. Along with these guidelines, there are
number of guidelines provided by cabinet officer of the act. These guiding principles are
followed by every public service providers.
 Information management
This guiding principle refers to manage the circulation and distribution of every information
related to any
 Integration
This is one of the guiding principle that lay emphasis on functioning of all the public service
bodies. It implies that all responders need to work with integrity to manage any casualty or
contingency take place within any area.
 Cooperation
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All involved organizations, local; authorities and public service providers need to cooperate with
each other to maintain high level of accuracy during the implementation of every rescue plan.
 Anticipation
The organizations and local authorities providing other utilities to the public must anticipate the
conditions of situations related to the affected area and status of sufferers.
 Preparedness
As per the guidance laid down by contingencies act, there must be full preparedness related to
every type of disaster taking place within the area.
P2 Public services having statutory responsibility in planning for and responding to emergency
incidents
There are range of public services who are responsible to tackle and control the activities
taking place during the times of emergencies. Such as the services provided by the BMI
Healthcare hospitals of UK follows all the basic, mandatory laws that are designed by the Civil
contingency Act (Achour and et.al., 2015). It has build advance level of connectivity with other
service providers to maintain the situations of emergencies like Flood. It has an advanced
disaster management plan for hospital building itself that includes control of waters supplies,
equipment procurement and detection of technological error that may took place due to
occurrence of natural disasters.
Army Authorities
At times of large scale emergencies like flood, these authorities tackle the situation in an
extremely professionalized manner. Armed forces responsibly manage such situations and as per
the civil authority act, options or call to Military aid is preferred lastly. Military aid is opted only
when there are extremely large portion of communities has been affected by disaster and the
local authorities are lacking of supporting sources. For instance, at time of flood armed forces
provides the support in lifting,
Police services
Police services are responsible to track all the details related to the victims' family members and
to gather all required health data for further medical care. At time of natural disaster like Flood,
the main responsibility of police authorities to cooperate with other service agencies and
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implement feasible plan of action. Other responsibilities of Police authorities is to manage all the
evacuating equipment to military forces.
Ambulance services
It is one of the most important service which is responsible to lift and transfer critical patients to
nearby healthcare settings at the time of emergencies. BMI healthcare organization have number
of ambulances to cater and transfer number of patients and victims of any natural calamities like
Flood. Ambulances services provide efficient services in terms of supplying elementary
healthcare services to the affected people.
M2 Circumstances and process for military support during an emergency incident
The military support is one of the effective way to manage the emergency situations.
During disasters and emergencies when there are higher vulnerabilities of loss of lives then
government can seek support from the military forces. Since these forces are highly capable to
manage and deal with the critical situation their support can be very helpful in helping people.
The support from military is vital from saving the people in emergency situations.
The equipments and well planned strategies of military can help to identify the mitigation
strategies to overcome the disaster (Pradhananga and et.al., 2016). Ranging from helping people
to rescue the military can also help to manage the health care services as well as law and order in
the environment of fear and havoc. In emergency situation when there is chaos everywhere then
it is required that the systematic management and discipline of the military is used to help people
understand the situation. The military can provide support after the government and other
responsible authorities provide them instruction and guidelines to help the civilians during
emergencies.
P3 Role played by public services in emergency planning
Emergency planning involves all the steps related to provide support to the affected
people and accumulating all resources that may be required at times of implementation of
designed plan of action. All the public service providers play an important role in developing
feasible and accurate plan of action to control emergency situations. In case of any natural
disasters like Flood, the services providers such as healthcare professionals, fire fighters,
transport and utility services providers plan to be significantly active and plan their action criteria
depending upon its severity level.
Healthcare services
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For instance, at times of Flood within city large hospitals like BMI healthcare efficiently plan all
the activities to cater the victims of flood. The hospital has large area to accommodate patients
and affected public. To handle such situation of massive casualties, the hospital has diversified
and strong healthcare aids based on diagnostic and rehabilitation services. Primary and
secondary healthcare units also play an important role in delivering acute care to sufferers.
Rehabilitation and physiotherapy
Military services
Apart from healthcare services, military aids strategically plan overall emergencies plan
and are priory trained to execute such emergency management plan. All the officers and
personnel are experienced and manage the rescue plan with all their equipment and effective
resource planning management. Under the conditions laid down the act, military aid can be opted
by any services providers only after proper assessment of available resources.
Police Services
Police services are responsible to assess the number of all the deaths that took place
during the casualties. Police authorities are required to disseminate all the acquired data of most
affected area and need to align their plan of action with Military forces (Haddow, Bullock and
Coppola, 2017). Armed forces plan to rescue people trapped at any unreachable area with
advanced level of tacking systems and carriage they have.
P4 Considerations for public services while emergency planning
For every public services, plan regarding control of any emergencies or natural disasters
must be designed according to then basic laws and protocols. Public services like ambulance, fire
protectors, Military forces and many others need to be fully prepared before implementing the
safety plan. The main consideration of every rescue plan is to spread awareness regarding the
outbreak and to maintain high level of alertness among common public.
Review of the plan
Before implementing any plan of rescue and emergencies management, the team is responsible
to review the plan and its elements related to occurred calamities. This review of plan must be
assessed and practiced timely by involved services members to execute designed plan smoothly
(Dorasamy, Raman and Kaliannan, 2017). Regular monitoring and reviewing the plan will
support the service providers to make plan free from fault or errors. It will thrive the level of
success linked with the implied plan.
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Assessments
Assessment must be planned related to the type of disaster occurred within the localities. Every
public service providers plan different plan of action based upon their capabilities and principle
responsibilities. For instance in case of flood, large hospitals like BMI healthcare have stratified
range of assessment that different with its severity.
Classification of events
Every event or disaster must be classified and plan must be made after a proper identification of
the casualty. For instance, hospitals or healthcare settings such as BMI hospitals have designed
proper emergency services according to severity of disaster occurred (Sahebjamnia, Torabi and
Mansouri, 2015). In case of natural disaster like flood, the hospital have extremely advanced
level of team who collaborate with other public service providers to manage all the resources and
elements of emergencies management plan.
Availability of resources
Every type of public service providers need to manage the type of resources that can be required
at time of implementing the plan of action. For instance, to rescue public from flood prone area,
military forces have priorly prepared list of equipment that can be useful in evacuating affected
people. For accumulating adequate amount of resources for emergencies situations, it is
important to have strong assessment aids so that list of requirements can be easily prepared.
M2 Importance of emergency planning for major emergency situations
Emergency planning for every public service providers is important to deliver most
standardized services with high level of accuracy. Advanced planning for any of the calamities
will provide a significant path ways to heath carers and rescuers to reach up to the most affected
area and people (Paton and Johnston, 2017). Planning of emergencies plan tends to deliver
adequate resources and other substitution plan if the designed plan fails. It also provides variant
ways to measure the severity level and its application to the affected area. It provides surplus
amount of guidelines and decision making criteria to public service organizations and will derive
high level of supportive frameworks to design different evacuation plans.
CONCLUSION
The report has laid emphasis on the importance of local authorities and other category 1
responders to manage control measures for calamities. The report has focused on the implication
of METHANE report generation for outlining primary part of information to the category 1
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services providers. Along with it, the study has also justifies the fact that proper inclusion of
resources planning and training to local communities to assess environmental disruptions can be
effective during such instances. Furthermore, the study has also focused on the fact that proper
assessment of public evacuation plan need to be designed effectively to cater all the affected
population.
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REFERENCES
Books and Journals
Achour, N. and et.al., 2015. Healthcare emergency planning and management to major hazards
in the UK.
Choi, B.Y., Blumberg, C. and Williams, K., 2016. Mobile integrated health care and community
paramedicine: an emerging emergency medical services concept. Annals of emergency
medicine. 67(3). pp.361-366.
Dorasamy, M., Raman, M. and Kaliannan, M., 2017. Integrated community emergency
management and awareness system: A knowledge management system for disaster
support. Technological Forecasting and Social Change. 121. pp.139-167.
Haddow, G., Bullock, J. and Coppola, D.P., 2017. Introduction to emergency management.
Butterworth- Heinemann.
King, D. and et.al., 2016. Land use planning for disaster risk reduction and climate change
adaptation: Operationalizing policy and legislation at local levels. International Journal
of Disaster Resilience in the Built Environment. 7(2). pp.158-172.
Núñez and et.al. 2015. Towards a Total Quality Framework for the Evaluation and Improvement
of Emergency Plans Management. In ISCRAM.
Paton, D. and Johnston, D., 2017. Disaster resilience: an integrated approach. Charles C
Thomas Publisher.
Phillips, B., Neal, D. M. and Webb, G., 2016. Introduction to emergency management. CRC
Press.
Pradhananga and et.al., 2016. An integrated resource allocation and distribution model for pre-
disaster planning. Computers & Industrial Engineering. 91. pp.229-238.
Qiu, L., Du, Z., Zhu, Q. and Fan, Y., 2017. An integrated flood management system based on
linking environmental models and disaster-related data. Environmental modelling &
software. 91. pp.111-126.
Sahebjamnia, N., Torabi, S. A. and Mansouri, S. A., 2015. Integrated business continuity and
disaster recovery planning: Towards organizational resilience. European Journal of
Operational Research. 242(1). pp.261-273.
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