Annotated Bibliography: Emotional and Behavioral Disorders in Children

This annotated bibliography examines emotional and behavioral disorders in children, exploring various aspects of these complex issues. It begins with a thesis statement questioning the curability of these disorders. The bibliography includes analyses of key papers, such as Cook et al. (2017) on complex trauma, Gregory & Sadeh (2012) on sleep and emotional difficulties, Shaw et al. (2014) on emotion dysregulation in ADHD, Wichstrøm et al. (2012) on psychiatric disorders in preschoolers, and Polanczyk et al. (2015) on the worldwide prevalence of mental disorders. Each entry summarizes the paper's focus, strengths, and weaknesses, providing a comprehensive overview of the current research landscape. The bibliography highlights the importance of early intervention and the need for further research to improve treatment approaches for children facing these challenges. The author emphasizes the critical role of family and environmental factors in the development of these disorders and stresses the long-term impact of untreated conditions. The annotated bibliography concludes by underscoring the significance of effective treatments and the continuing need for advancements in the field.

Running head: EMOTIONAL AND BEHAVIORAL DISORDERS IN CHILDREN
Emotional and Behavioral Disorders in Children
Name of the Student:
Name of the University:
Author’s Note:

1EMOTIONAL AND BEHAVIORAL DISORDERS IN CHILDREN
Emotional and Behavioral disorders form one of the most common problems which
the children face in the present times. They are a result of a combination of various factors
like emotional stress, improper diet, violence, family as well as social environment and other
factors (Reynolds, Kamphaus & Vannest, 2015). It is often seen that these disorders are
curable if remedy is sought at the correct however if ignored they can lead to serious
problems in the later part of the life of the children. Therefore, parents as well as family
members need to watch out for the symptoms at regular intervals and seek remedial measures
as soon as they find any symptoms related to the disorders. The thesis statement of this
annotated bibliography is whether the emotional and behavioral disorders of children are like
any other disorders which they face and whether they can be cured over time or not.
Cook, A., Spinazzola, J., Ford, J., Lanktree, C., Blaustein, M., Cloitre, M., ... & Mallah,
K. (2017). Complex trauma in children and adolescents. Psychiatric annals, 35(5), 390-
398.
This particular paper published in the “Psychiatric annals” in the year 2017 gives an
overview of the complex trauma and other disorders which the children often face in the
formative years of their life. The paper begins by giving an overview of the concept of
trauma and the effects which it has on the psychology as well as the physical health of the
children. The paper also provides an overview of the various factors which give rise to the
problem of trauma and other disorders in the life of the children. According to the authors,
“most trauma begins at home; the vast majority of people (about 80%) responsible for child
maltreatment are children's own parents”. It is to be noted that the authors consider the role of
the family and its subsequent environment as one of the most important factors which affect
the psychology of the child. Therefore, if the children does not gets adequate supporting
environment at his or her home then he or she is likely to develop these trauma and other
kinds of trauma disorders (Reynolds, Kamphaus & Vannest, 2015). The paper also goes on to

2EMOTIONAL AND BEHAVIORAL DISORDERS IN CHILDREN
narrate some of the most popular as well as effective treatment measures which can be used
to cure the children of these kinds of trauma disorders. This particular paper also lists some of
the difficulties which the professionals usually face in the treatment of the children suffering
from trauma disorders. The authors use the concept of trauma stress “to describe the
experience of multiple, chronic and prolonged, developmentally adverse traumatic events,
most often of an interpersonal nature (example, sexual or physical abuse, war, community
violence) and early-life onset”. Therefore, it would not be too far-fetched to say that the paper
provides a pertinent account into the domain of trauma disorders which the children
commonly face due to various reasons. The strength of the article is its clear as well as direct
writing and the amount of research which the authors conduct for the writing of this paper is
evident from the information which the paper contains. The weakness of the paper can be
said to be the fact the paper gives a lot of information without elaborating on them or giving
examples for the facts which it provides.
Gregory, A. M., & Sadeh, A. (2012). Sleep, emotional and behavioral difficulties in
children and adolescents. Sleep medicine reviews, 16(2), 129-136.
This paper published in “Sleep medicine reviews” in the year 2012 intends to provide
an overview of the various sleep as well as emotional and behavioral disorders in children
and adolescents. The paper also seeks to provide an overview of the various treatment
measures which can be utilized for the treatment of the children who are suffering from sleep
as well as emotional and behavioral disorders. It is to be noted that there are several “links
between sleep and psychopathology are complex and likely bidirectional” (Jones & Jones,
2015). Therefore, in this particular paper the authors seek to explore the links between the
two and also find effective solutions for them. It is to be noted that the change in the sleep
patterns and also lack of sleep in the children can lead to several problems which can later on
take the form of emotional and behavioral disorders (Craighead, Miklowitz & Craighead,

3EMOTIONAL AND BEHAVIORAL DISORDERS IN CHILDREN
2013). The paper also provides an overview of the various mechanisms and argues for a kind
of treatment which will utilize a combination of various kinds of treatment measures. The
strength of this article is that it one of the very few articles which argues for a treatment
mechanism which will use a combination of various treatment mechanisms. A reading of the
article makes it evident to the reader that the authors have conducted a thorough research
about the topic of this particular paper. The weakness of this particular paper is the fact that it
only takes into consideration the sleep factor for the emotional as well as the behavioral
disorders of the children and not the other factors which are also as significant as sleep.
Shaw, P., Stringaris, A., Nigg, J., & Leibenluft, E. (2014). Emotion dysregulation in
attention deficit hyperactivity disorder. American Journal of Psychiatry, 171(3), 276-293.
This particular paper published in the “American Journal of Psychiatry” in the year
2014 gives an overview of the concept of emotional dysregulation in the children suffering
from ADHD or “attention deficit hyperactivity disorder”. It is to be noted that “attention
deficit hyperactivity disorder” is one of the common disorders which the children face
(Mazefsky et al., 2013). In this particular disorder the attention span of the children is
considerably reduced. Therefore, the children often face difficulties with emotional
regulation. It is to be noted that “no consensus has been reached on how to conceptualize this
clinically challenging domain”. The various researchers as well as professional experts have
tried to develop effective treatment measures for the cure of this particular disorder.
However, they have not been able to make any significant in-roads into the process. The
authors in this particular paper focus on three significant factors. Firstly, the authors focus on
the “emotion dysregulation is prevalent in ADHD throughout the lifespan and is a major
contributor to impairment”. Secondly, the authors focus on the “emotion dysregulation in
ADHD which arises from deficits in orienting toward, recognizing, and/or allocating
attention to emotional stimuli; these deficits implicate dysfunction within a striato-amygdalo-

4EMOTIONAL AND BEHAVIORAL DISORDERS IN CHILDREN
medial prefrontal cortical network”. Thirdly, the authors focus on the “current treatments for
ADHD often also ameliorate emotion dysregulation, a focus on this combination of
symptoms reframes clinical questions and could stimulate novel therapeutic approaches”. The
authors in this particular paper also provide an overview of the various treatment models
which can be used for the effective treatment of ADHD in children. The strength of the paper
can be said to the fact that this is one of the very few papers which provides an overview of
the various models for the effective treatment of ADHD in children. In fact, the paper
provides three models for the effective treatment of the disorder of ADHD in children. The
weakness of the paper can be said to be the fact that the paper focuses only on the disorder of
ADHD and does not provide an overview of the other emotional as well as behavioral
disorders which are prevalent in children.
Wichstrøm, L., Berg‐Nielsen, T. S., Angold, A., Egger, H. L., Solheim, E., & Sveen, T.
H. (2012). Prevalence of psychiatric disorders in preschoolers. Journal of Child
Psychology and Psychiatry, 53(6), 695-705.
This particular paper published in the “Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry”
in the year 2012 intends to provide an overview of the various psychiatric disorders which are
prevalent in children particularly the ones belonging to pre-school. The authors in this
particular conducted an empirical research on a group of pre-school children born between
the years 2003 or 2004 in the city of Trondheim, Norway to gather the required data for the
conduct of their research. The authors found out that about 7.1% of the children on whom the
research was conducted had a psychiatric disorder of one form or the other. The researchers
also found out that the children faced various kinds of emotional as well as behavioral
disorders the most common among them being the ADHD, “oppositional defiant disorder”,
conduct disorders, anxiety disorders and various others. Therefore, it would not be too far-
fetched to say that the primary purpose of this particular research conducted by the authors

5EMOTIONAL AND BEHAVIORAL DISORDERS IN CHILDREN
was to find out the various disorders which the children in the pre-school level often faced.
The strength of this particular paper can be said to be the extensive research which was
conducted by the authors of this particular papers. It is to be noted that the authors have used
various kinds of statistics in the paper to prove the validity of the results which they gather
during the process of the research. The weakness of the paper can be said to be fact that the
paper focuses only on the disorders which are prevalent among the pre-school children and
does not provide an overview of the disorders or the measures that should be taken for their
effective treatment.
Polanczyk, G. V., Salum, G. A., Sugaya, L. S., Caye, A., & Rohde, L. A. (2015). Annual
Research Review: A meta‐analysis of the worldwide prevalence of mental disorders in
children and adolescents. Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 56(3), 345-365.
This particular paper published in the “Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry”
in the year 2015 intends to give an overview of the various mental as well as emotional
disorders which are prevalent among the children and the adolescents worldwide. The authors
in this particular paper have taken into consideration the data which they collected over the
last three decades for the investigation of the various mental disorders which inflict the
children as well as the adolescents. The authors intended to provide a meta-analysis on the
concept of the mental disorders which are prevalent among the children. The results which
the authors found at the conclusion of this particular research were based on the study which
was conducted on 41 studies in almost 27 countries. The authors found out that “the
worldwide‐pooled prevalence of mental disorders was 13.4%”. The strength of this particular
paper can be said to be the extensive research which the authors conducted for the writing of
this particular paper. In addition to that, it is one of the very papers which deals with a meta
analysis of the concept of mental disorders among the children as well as the adolescents. The

6EMOTIONAL AND BEHAVIORAL DISORDERS IN CHILDREN
weakness of the paper can be said to be the fact that the paper takes into account only the
domain of the mental disorders and excludes other aspects of the behavioral disorders.
Therefore, from the above discussion it becomes apparent that emotional and
behavioral disorders are one of the most common disorders which the children are facing.
Therefore, an effective treatment of the same becomes of paramount importance as these are
likely to have a long term effect on the health as well as the psychology of the children
involved. It is to be noted that although significant researches have been conducted in this
particular genre but still there is scope for much improvement in the concerned field.

7EMOTIONAL AND BEHAVIORAL DISORDERS IN CHILDREN
References
American Psychiatric Association. (2013). Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental
disorders (DSM-5®). American Psychiatric Pub. Retrived from
https://books.google.co.in/books?hl=en&lr=&id=-
JivBAAAQBAJ&oi=fnd&pg=PT22&dq=+mental+disorders+in+children+and+adole
scents&ots=cePN3-
LMx7&sig=5ckFhaMb3dEkq2j6zZrUJw0PWV8#v=onepage&q=mental
%20disorders%20in%20children%20and%20adolescents&f=false
Barkley, R. A. (Ed.). (2014). Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder: A handbook for
diagnosis and treatment. Guilford Publications. Retrieved from
https://books.google.co.in/books?
hl=en&lr=&id=0J0gBQAAQBAJ&oi=fnd&pg=PP1&dq=Barkley,+R.+A.+(Ed.).
+(2014).+Attention-deficit+hyperactivity+disorder:
+A+handbook+for+diagnosis+and+treatment.
+Guilford+Publications.&ots=FK2e9MIP0F&sig=jZVhukXPGOAbh03hM4RszWJw
qds#v=onepage&q=Barkley%2C%20R.%20A.%20(Ed.).%20(2014).%20Attention-
deficit%20hyperactivity%20disorder%3A%20A%20handbook%20for%20diagnosis
%20and%20treatment.%20Guilford%20Publications.&f=false
Cook, A., Spinazzola, J., Ford, J., Lanktree, C., Blaustein, M., Cloitre, M., ... & Mallah, K.
(2017). Complex trauma in children and adolescents. Psychiatric annals, 35(5), 390-
398. Retrieved from https://www.healio.com/psychiatry/journals/psycann/2005-5-35-
5/%7B4b9f8030-1eba-442f-8b32-8504c01a0000%7D/complex-trauma-in-children-
and-adolescents

8EMOTIONAL AND BEHAVIORAL DISORDERS IN CHILDREN
Craighead, W. E., Miklowitz, D. J., & Craighead, L. W. (Eds.). (2013). Psychopathology:
History, diagnosis, and empirical foundations. John Wiley & Sons. Retrieved from
https://books.google.co.in/books?
hl=en&lr=&id=eW8YAAAAQBAJ&oi=fnd&pg=PA445&dq=sleep+and+psychopath
ology+&ots=ZFYiWFA6G5&sig=j62dMuTWEdbVhbMLJUyj1ZI6WR8#v=onepage
&q=sleep%20and%20psychopathology&f=false
Gregory, A. M., & Sadeh, A. (2012). Sleep, emotional and behavioral difficulties in children
and adolescents. Sleep medicine reviews, 16(2), 129-136. Retrieved from
http://www.smrv-journal.com/article/S1087-0792(11)00036-0/abstract
Mazefsky, C. A., Herrington, J., Siegel, M., Scarpa, A., Maddox, B. B., Scahill, L., & White,
S. W. (2013). The role of emotion regulation in autism spectrum disorder. Journal of
the American Academy of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry, 52(7), 679-688. Retrieved
from https://www.jaacap.com/article/S0890-8567(13)00308-0/fulltext
Orlich, F. (2013). Behavior Assessment System for Children. In Encyclopedia of Autism
Spectrum Disorders (pp. 410-411). Springer New York. Retrieved from
https://link.springer.com/referenceworkentry/10.1007%2F978-1-4419-1698-3_847
Shaw, P., Stringaris, A., Nigg, J., & Leibenluft, E. (2014). Emotion dysregulation in attention
deficit hyperactivity disorder. American Journal of Psychiatry, 171(3), 276-293.
Retrieved from
https://ajp.psychiatryonline.org/doi/abs/10.1176/appi.ajp.2013.13070966
Wichstrøm, L., Berg‐Nielsen, T. S., Angold, A., Egger, H. L., Solheim, E., & Sveen, T. H.
(2012). Prevalence of psychiatric disorders in preschoolers. Journal of Child

9EMOTIONAL AND BEHAVIORAL DISORDERS IN CHILDREN
Psychology and Psychiatry, 53(6), 695-705. Retrieved from
https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1111/j.1469-7610.2011.02514.x
Zolkoski, S. M., & Bullock, L. M. (2012). Resilience in children and youth: A
review. Children and youth services review, 34(12), 2295-2303. Retrieved from
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0190740912003337