Project Management Report: Employee Engagement at Tesco (Semester 1)

This report provides a comprehensive analysis of a project designed to improve employee engagement at Tesco, a British retailing company. It begins with an introduction to project management, emphasizing its role in organizational structuring and efficiency. The report then critically assesses the usefulness of various project management models and techniques, including SWOT analysis, RACI matrix, and stakeholder matrix, and their application within Tesco's context. The second section focuses on the implementation of the project, including the use of a Project Initiation Document (PID) based on the PRINCE2 methodology. The report also discusses communicating project plans with colleagues and stakeholders. The final sections evaluate the ability to manage the project through feedback and development plans and apply relevant academic theories and models. The report highlights the importance of understanding the ease of understanding, fit with requirements, organizational culture, and accessibility to others in project management approaches. The report underscores how these tools and techniques can be effectively used to achieve Tesco's goal of improving employee engagement.

Managing Projects in a
Organisation

Table of Contents
INTRODUCTION...........................................................................................................................3
1) Critical assessment of usefulness of project management models and techniques................3
2) Implementation of project within workplace and communicating plans with colleagues and
stakeholders.................................................................................................................................7
3) Evaluating ability to manage project using feedback from others and identifying strengths
and weaknesses and improving through development plan in managing project.....................11
4) Application of relevant academic theories and model..........................................................11
CONCLUSION..............................................................................................................................11
.......................................................................................................................................................11
REFERENCES .............................................................................................................................12

INTRODUCTION
Project management is process that provide decisions and arrangements about realization
and stage of plan. The task related with project process, planning, requirements should be given
to stakeholder. It is organisation, structuring, process of project and configuration according to
plan. It assist in providing teamwork of participants proceed and efficient according to standards,
rules and values of project. All roles and responsibilities are divided, information system is
defined and rules of teamwork are determined during project. Project management is divided
according to responsibility and competence in three areas (Alhawari and et. al., 2012). First is
project leadership who is responsible for whole management of given work, second area is team
who implements actual plan and third is board which is decision making body that define success
or cancel of project. The given assignment is based on Tesco which is British retailing company
incorporated at England, United Kingdom in 1919. This assignment is related with company that
is recently managing project related with their worker I.e. employee engagement for creating
opportunities to boost their knowledge and skill to participate in different activities. In this
report, there will be discussion of usefulness of project management models and techniques of
project management. This plan is implemented at workplace and communicated to their
colleagues and stakeholders. The questionnaire is prepared in order to take feedback from others
and identification of their strengths and weaknesses. This helps in preparation of development
plan for managing project effectively and efficiently.
1) Critical assessment of usefulness of project management models and techniques
Project management describes the subject of starting, planning, executing, controlling,
and closing work of employees to achieve specific goals and objectives. The primary challenge
of project management is to attain all projects goals within given constraints. This data is usually
described in project documentation, created at beginning of process. The main constraints are
scope, time, class and budget (Bartsch Ebers and Maurer, 2013). The subsidiary and demanding
challenge is to optimize allotment of required inputs and request them to follow pre-defined
objectives. The objective of project management defines to produce a absolute project which
meet with the users objectives. There are various types of tools and techniques which enterprises
uses for project management. Some of tools and techniques that can be used by Tesco for
managing their project are outlined below:

SWOT- SWOT stands for Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities, Threats. SWOT
analysis is an incredibly simplex, yet powerful tool which help to establish the business strategy,
whether building a start-up or guiding an existing company. This tool is useful for Tesco for
analysing their organization strengths and weaknesses, and the opportunities and threats that
Tesco face. This also helps to focus on the strengths, minimize threats, and take the greatest
possible benefit of opportunities accessible for Tesco (Brady and Davies, 2014).
Strengths- Strengths are inner, positive attributes of the company. This helps a company
to maintain their competitive advantage, so that organizations don't lose them. Expanding the
firm involves detecting ways of building on these strengths. Tesco can easily find strength of
project related with employee engagement in competitive era.
Weaknesses- Weaknesses are the attributes that put organization at a disadvantage to
others. These are destructive factors that diminish from the strengths. These things companies
need to change to be competitive in the marketplace. If training is provided to employees and
they give negative outcome then it is disadvantages for Tesco. It leads to decline in productivity,
lack of coordination.
Opportunities- Opportunities are the external factor of a company which contribute to
success. This helps an organization to identify opportunities, so that the company can gain more
profit. Tesco need to find new opportunities which provide better results to them.
Usefulness of SWOT Analysis- The usefulness of SWOT analysis is to improve
individual task or project where efficiency can be gained. It assist in mitigating risk related with
task and whole process of project. It is considered as solid backbone for project plan.
RACI – RACI stands for Responsible, Accountable, Consulted, Informed. This is the
blueprint for success in project. To ensure the project success, it is important to know roles and
responsibilities (Bryde, Broquetas and Volm, 2013). RACI is the matrix where roles and
responsibilities are assigned to persons who participates in a project activity for producing
outputs. The word RACI is formed with the four types of roles, they are :
Responsible(also called Recommender)- The one who conduct an activity or the
resources. Manager of Tesco plays role for recommender who carries out task and activities.
Accountable(also called authorizer or final approving authority)- The one who is praise
for success or takes responsibility for the failure. Both manager and trainer who is providing
training and development to staff of Tesco liable for success as well as failure.

Consulted(sometimes adviser or counsellor)- The one who required to response and
subscribe to activity. Here, employee has to consult with training provider for carrying out task
at Tesco.
Informed(also called informee)- The one who needs to know of progress. Employees of
Tesco should take advice for improving themselves to improve themselves (Caniëls and Bakens,
2012).
The above four roles represent a simple task and role diagram or matrix which defines RACI
matrix. This matrix is used to assign tasks and responsibilities to the team members who
participated in the project.
Usefulness of RACI Matrix - This model is used by Tesco in order to identifying
responsibilities and roles of each individual. It also assist in avoiding confusion over assigned
roles and responsibilities during given project. It also helps in various activities and decision
making authorities of project against people or roles.
Stakeholder Matrix- Stakeholder matrix also called stakeholder mapping. The
stakeholders are one whose involvement and support are crucial to the success of project. This
matrix is used to plot stakeholders according to their importance and capability on project
activity. These stakeholders can be a person or groups who will be affected by an activity. This
will assist the company to ascertain project requirements and will help to handle and
communicate with stakeholders effectively. This mapping is useful for Tesco in designing or
creating a new program. In this matrix individuals and groups are influenced by the program.
This matrix assess how stakeholders can be impacted upon organization. Stakeholder matrix
includes senior executives involved directly or indirectly because of their business areas, end
users including customers outside firm and recruiters and associates (Cleden, 2017). The
Stakeholder matrix can be useful for Tesco as it is provide successful results for firm by
establishing co-operation with stakeholders. This is also useful for computing input, manage
feedback and stay balanced during course of the project activity.
Usefulness of Stakeholder Matrix- This matrix helps in knowing interest of all
stakeholders and identifying issues that disrupt project. It also encourages participation of
employees in stages of assigned project. Thus, in Tesco it reduces negative impacts and
managing stakeholders to achieve goal and objectives.

These all above tools have different role and responsibilities to be played in Tesco.
Through analysing tools and techniques better achievement of goal and objectives. Tesco has
planning to start project related with employees engagement for good outcomes (Drucker,
2012). Managing activities related with staff requires proper market research, need and demand
of people. Thus, project management tools are helpful in managing assigned plan within
organisation.
There are various types of tools used for project management such as SWOT analysis,
stakeholder matrix and RACI matrix. As per context of Tesco, SWOT analysis is used for
understanding project and working on it. It is useful to know about strength, weaknesses,
opportunities and threats of project. It helps in mitigating risk and improving individual task.
There are two other tools such as RACI and stakeholder which can be used easily for
project work of Tesco. The first tool that is RACI easily helps in identification of roles and
responsibilities about each and every individual. Similarly, other assist in knowing about each
and every stakeholder working in an organisation (Dutta and Bose, 2015).
In order to understand project management approaches of Tesco on basis of criteria is
described below:
Criteria Project Management Approaches
Ease of Understanding When employee understand given project easily without
facing difficulties is called ease of understanding. In order to
make easy understanding clear vision, mission and objectives
should be mentioned in project. In context of Tesco, every
employees should be able to understand plan and work
accordingly.
Fit with requirements of
project
In this approach, project is designed for achieving an optimal
vertical fit with overall organisation strategy aligned with
competitive objectives of staff productivity and quality of
product on domestic market. Tesco views problem in
coordination, among members so employee engagement
project is planned and implemented.
Fit with organisational Every firm has set value, belief, culture for assigned project. It

culture should be within limit of culture aspects and decision should
be made accordingly. Tesco project is related with employees
so they need to follow culture of their organisation and work
for betterment of firm.
Accessibility to others This approach should be easily accessible to other stakeholder
of company. Tesco should provide equal opportunity to each
and every employees of organisation for carrying out task.
2) Implementation of project within workplace and communicating plans with colleagues and
stakeholders
Implementation is process that convert plan into actions for accomplishment of strategic,
goals and objectives. Implementation of project plan is guideline or future map of any
organisation. Here, Tesco has made project related with employees engagement in order to boost
opportunities for them. As effective colleague engagement is key for business success (Eskerod
and Huemann, 2013). The main objectives of project include driving colleague engagement,
designing fun, business focused activities, building pride among workers and making them feel
inclusive. Project implementation can be done through help of PID (Project Initiation Document-
PRINCE2) approach which could be helpful in better planning described below:
Project Initiation Documentation (PID) in terms of PRINCE2
The PID is PRINCE2 which represents plan of approach in project management. It is
gathered form of series of documents that includes terms of references, communication, business
care, risk register, tolerance, plan and other specific inspections or controls that are part of
departmental quality or common project approach. It is detailed version of basic project start up
document that is called project brief. It bundles together documentation in order to form all key
information required for start and run project effectively. This documentation should be
conveyed to stakeholder agreed on same terms and conditions and signed off by business
sponsors (Fleming and Koppelman, 2016). The clear definition of all major factors of project and
assessment of success. It helps in building business case and using data and information
produced during activities of initiation. PRINCE2 is common part of methodologies which is
major milestone for initiating project success. PID provide reference point for both project team

and customer. In order to manage project of employee engagement at Tesco, it should write PID
described below:
Purpose- The purpose of PID is record and capture basic information required to plan
and define project. It should includes list of people along with roles and responsibilities from
starting to closure of project. In case of any updates or revisions required then done at end of
each stage. The main purpose of managing project for employee engagement is to create strong
relationship among workers and activities of organisation and to remove problems arise because
of lack of coordination (Harrison and Lock, 2017).
Project Scope Statement- This is divided into two parts such as scope and solution. This
explains about innovations, changes, financial aspects and projects expenses decision. The
important of project scope statement for Tesco is to conduct various activities for their
stakeholders related with engagement in organisation and making decision accordingly.
Project Background- The project background depicts why and how project is created.
Here, Tesco made project of employee engagement in order to solve problem arise in
organisation because of lack of coordination between staff and manager. This idea came in mind
of manager because of low productivity, lack of relationship, communication gap between their
working members. Because of such reason, project was implemented and carried out.
Assumptions, Dependencies and Constraints- Assumptions, dependencies and
Constraints are ahead of business and management requirements specifications being
documented. Constraints represents unavailability of resources or competitors.
Organisation and Governance- The project can be achieved through cross functional
team with experienced person from all other departments including security, networking,
marketing. There are many project which need to be carried out so it requires employee
engagement to complete work effectively at Tesco.
Communication Plan- The manager of Tesco should ensure that employees are attending
meetings with their team leaders, trainers. This helps in making effective communication among
staff and build good coordinates.
Quality Plan- Project quality plan is written by ITQA (IT Quality Assurance) for part of
project such as report, scripts, end stage assessment. Manager of Tesco need to check quality of
their employees after providing training and development to staff. It is type of checkpoints

during life of project to ensure about quality is delivered. If good quality is given outcome will
be positive (Kendrick, 2015).
Initial Project Plan- While initializing plan, details and proposed date should be made. If
date is estimated then project can be completed on time. In case of delay justification need to be
given to the parties. The project of Tesco is engaging all employees in various activities of
organisation.
Project Controls- There are three stages such as control, stages and exception process
that need to be completed in controlling of whole project. It includes forecasts and budget actuals
that need to be evaluated. Tesco has to make proper plan for budget in order to complete their
task (Kerzner and Kerzner, 2017). This project requires good amount of money for providing
employee engagement training and development classes to their staffs and workers.
Initial Risks and Issues log- In this stage it is important to know about risk and issues
regarding project. As project stages start from initiation, requirement, design, development, test,
project launch and exception in terms of budget, scope and time. Tesco manager have to move
through all these steps and implement plan. Also risk is involved in carrying project which can
be followed in steps such as identification, assessment, prioritisation, management planning,
resolution and monitoring. These all need to be resolved for final achievement of results.
Getting a PID Approved- It is final stage of PID which implies distribution of
stakeholders on one side and other interested parties on other by help of emails. In order to get
approval of project it should verify all such elements such as resources, finance, budgets. Tesco
got approval because of proper verification of various factors and implemented in organisation.
There are some recognised projects tools or techniques for Tesco which are described
below:
Planning- It is process of thinking about various activities that are required for
achievement of desired goal. This tool is very important for organisation which requires skilled
manpower for making effective planning. Tesco manager who is working on project have to
make planning of resources such as finance, budget, manpower, trainer and others. Each should
be made effectively and efficiently for firm. Planning is also regarded as future road map of
organisation (Lock, 2017).
Project Appraisal Techniques- The critical examination of projects from all aspects is
called project appraisal techniques. Proper analysis of cost and benefits which leads to

desirability for committing resources. There are two stages of appraisal that are internal and
external. The appraisal done within organisation is called internal appraisal and which is done
outside of firm is called external. Some of project appraisal techniques are payback period and
accounting rate of return. It is important for Tesco to appraise their employees on basis of work
done in organisation. Also continuous appraisal should be done to improve working staff of
enterprise.
Risk Analysis- It is process for identification and analysing potential issues which could
impact business initiatives or projects negatively in order to assist enterprise to avoid or mitigate
risk. Proper management of risk increase likelihood of successful completion of project to time,
cost and objectives (Nicholas and Steyn, 2017). It is important to identify risk at Tesco in order
to achieve set goal and objectives for managing project. Risk can be related with manpower,
market conditions and others.
Stakeholder Analysis- It is important techniques for analysing and identifying
stakeholder and their needs. It identifies primary as well as secondary stakeholders who have
vested their interest in issues related with projects. They can be owner, sponsor, project manager,
team members and others. Here, project is made for employees regarding their engagement in
organisation for better coordination, relationship and achievement of goal and objectives. Each
and every stakeholder need to be analysis proper and accordingly provide work to them.
The communication is very important in an organisation in order to communicate with
working member of firm. Tesco has made project plan for their employees engagement activities
in business. It is necessary to have two way communication with manager and worker. It also
bring positive impact to them for better outcome. Communication start from proper planning,
organisation, staffing, direction and controlling of all activities and task. The stakeholder of
Tesco is mainly their working employees who work for company. This is new project which
entity is going to start. There are various activities related with colleague are conducted such as
facebox, talent showcase, celebration of events, rewards, awards, coordination. Communication
helps them to understand things in better way and focus for working on it. Thus, Tesco need to
communicate with their colleagues effectively and efficiently for better results and manage their
stakeholders (Pemsel and Wiewiora, 2013).
Project plan is implemented by following above steps effectively. Each and every steps
need to be evaluated and according decision should be made. It is not enough that plan is made

and implemented but it should be monitored on regular basis for better results. Tesco manager
should monitoring progress and checking whether set targets are achieved or not. Gantt Chart is
used in Tesco which means tools applied for project management that tells about working of
plan. Also individual task, sequencing and durations such as expected and completion date can
be viewed in model (Unger, Gemünden and Aubry, 2012). Thus, this can be better understood by
helps of Gantt Chart which is given below: