Analyzing Employee Job Satisfaction and Motivation at Hilton Hotel

This report delves into the impact of motivational aspects on employee productivity and profitability, using Hilton Hotel as a case study. It begins with an introduction to the significance of employee motivation and job satisfaction, setting the rationale for the research. The report explores various motivational theories, including Hertzberg's two-factor theory and Maslow's hierarchy of needs, analyzing their applicability in the context of the hotel industry. It investigates the impact of monetary and non-monetary factors on employee motivation, emphasizing the importance of job security, working conditions, and opportunities for growth. The research methodology, including descriptive research design, inductive approach, and data collection methods (primary and secondary sources), is outlined. Ethical considerations and the research model are also discussed. The literature review synthesizes insights from various authors, highlighting the crucial role of employee motivation in achieving organizational goals and objectives, and the importance of employee involvement in decision-making processes. The report aims to provide strategies for enhancing employee dedication, performance, and, ultimately, the profitability of Hilton Hotel.

Employee Job satisfaction and motivation
or attitudes.

TABLE OF CONTENTS
LITERATURE REVIEW................................................................................................................1
INTRODUCTION......................................................................................................................1
Rationale for dissertation............................................................................................................1
Significance of research..............................................................................................................1
Research Topic:...........................................................................................................................2
Research Questions:....................................................................................................................2
Research Methodology: .............................................................................................................2
Research Model...........................................................................................................................3
Literature Review........................................................................................................................3
REFERENCES ...............................................................................................................................9

LITERATURE REVIEW
INTRODUCTION
Literature review is regarded as the most important section of a research. In this, perception of
various authors is discussed (Miner, 2015). For the present research work, an analysation will be
done to study the impact of motivational aspects on productivity and profitability. For this, the
organisation chose is Hilton Hotel that operates in travel and tourism sector. For the selected
entity, the significance of employee motivation will be discussed in the present undertaken
research. Motivation in context to the employees working in the entities is regarded as the force
that drives them to work effectively. Employee motivation is the most significant factor that is
highly required by an employer to process the business operation in an effective manner. This
helps in achieving effectiveness in operations. This, in turn, helps in achieving organisational
goals and objectives. There are various method in which this motivation can be raised (Danish
and Usman A 2010). Further, job satisfaction is regarded as the element that is developed with
the help of effective motivational techniques. It is the basic aim of an employee working in an
organisation. In addition to this, productivity of a company is termed as the measure of its
performance. This is the factor which every business organisation aims at. The present research
revolves around Hilton Hotel. In this, various techniques that can be used by the entity to
increase the motivation level of employees will be discussed. Further, the impact of these tactics
on increasing the job satisfaction among workforce will be evaluated.
Rationale for dissertation
The rationale behind conducting this research work is to improve the performance of the
employees working in the Hilton hotel. this is because of the reason that it will help in achieving
the productivity and thus profitability of the cited firm.
Significance of research
Employees are considered as the key asset of an organisation. Thus, they are required to
be highly motivated to ensure the profitability of entity. The present research will help in
analysing the different factors that influence over motivation level of employees. In addition to
this, different ways that can be used in increasing the dedication and performance of workers can
also be gathered using this. In context to the Hilton hotel, this research is highly beneficial in
analysing the factors that harms the motivation of people working there. Thus, by implementing
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suitable strategies this can be resolved. Further, the entity can develop understanding of methods
in which it can increase the work effectiveness. This, in turn, will help in achieving profitability.
Research Topic:
The aim of this study is "To analyze the impact of motivational aspects on productivity and
profitability: A study on Hilton Hotel, UK."
Research Questions:
In order to analyse the impact of motivational aspects on productivity and profitability on
the employees of Hilton hotel, some questions will be required to answer. Below are the major
questions that will be answered successfully by completing this research:
 What is the importance of motivational aspects of the performance of Hilton Hotel?
 What is the impact of motivation on employees job satisfaction at Hilton Hotel UK?
 What are the strategies that the company can adapt to motivate employees?
 How can an organisation achieve productivity and profitability using motivational
aspect?
Research Methodology:
Research design: There are mainly two research designs that are used while conducting the
undertaking. For the present work, the selected one is Descriptive.
Research approach: It is the way in which the research is carried to attain the setted goals.
There exist two approaches in which it can be done. However, for the present research the
approach chosen is Inductive.
Data collection: There are two different methods that can be used for gathering data. They are
primary and secondary For the present research both primary and secondary sources are used.
Data sampling: The sampling is performed to gather data from the primary sources. For the
present research, questionnaire to 100 people has been taken. Thus, the sample size here is 100.
Data analysis: The data that is gained from the different data collection sources is analysed in
this section. There are two different data analysis methods namely, qualitative and quantitative.
For the present research, the data will be analysed using quantitative method.
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Ethical issues: These are the values, beliefs and morals that arises in research. For the present
undertaking, all employees were not ready for questionnaire so some data has been collected
from third party.
Research Model
For conducting the present research, initially the rationale and significance of the
undertaking will be analysed. The design of research is selected to be descriptive. Further, the
work will be carried as per the inductive approach. The data that will be gathered for the
assessment of to analyse the impact of motivation aspects, both primary and secondary sources
will be used. Information through primary source will be gathered using questionnaire. For
secondary data collection, books, journals and internet will be used. The sample size for the data
sampling will be the 50 employees working in the Hilton hotel. The questions that will be asked
from the employees will be based on the issues that are faced by the employees in performing
their job with effectiveness. For this, a questionnaire of 100 questions will be framed to collect
the primary information related to the research topic. Further, the research philosophy that will
be followed while conducting the research is interprevitism. Moreover, all the ethical factors will
be taken in considerations while attaining the aim of the research.
Literature Review
As explained by Maduka and Okafor, (2014), no business can run smoothly without
having motivated employees. It is required by the management to implement suitable tactic to
enhance the motivation level of workers. First of all, the main pillar of any organization are its
employees. Workers are directly influenced by the motivation to satisfy their need and wants.
Motivation is a key part of fulfilling the organizational goals as well as employees targets. There
are different types of motivation factors: monetary factors like pay allowances, profit sharing,
bonus, commission, retirement benefits, fringe benefits etc. (Danish and Usman A 2010). In this
the employees are given various options to choose that what they want in pay allowances they
are given a fixed amount of increment every year according to their performance, if it happens in
hotel the employees will be motivated to give their best in the job this increases the job
satisfaction, in profit sharing they are given a small amount of profit share so the employees who
do great work in their field are rewarded with this, in bonus they are given some amount of
bonus which increases their job satisfaction in the hotel, in commission they are given a fixed
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percentage of commission which also have a huge impact on them, in retirement benefits they
are given some benefits if they take retirement from the job, in fringe benefits the employees are
given medical facility, cab facility, etc. which motivates them to do good work in their field
(Wery, and Thomson, 2013). The company has to involve its workforce, in one or the other
level, in the decision making process. It will not only help in developing employees sense of trust
but also their dedication towards the company. The company can also encourage & appreciate
the employees for their innovative ideas & suggestions. It gives them a feeling of importance &
meaning to their designation. If an employee is provided with a responsibility & worthy
challenge to achieve, they will get motivated.
In contrary to this, Miner, (2015) stated that the non-monetary benefits are more
beneficial in increasing the motivation of employees. In non-monetary benefits, the employees
are not given money but rather some status, job security, promotion, achievement, etc. If the
employees do some extraordinary work in the respective field they are given this kind of
rewards. Status means that the employees will now be given a rank, responsibility or in the hotel
which motivates the employee. In job security the employee is given a permanent job in the hotel
it means they now cannot change their job. In promotion, the employees are given the chance to
take a high-level responsibility above their subordinates. It is a very effective tool to motivate the
employee to perform to their best level. Mostly this type tool is used by the organization to
motivate the employee.
According to the Aina (2014), it is necessary to keep the employees motivated so that the
overall performance of the organization can be raised. This article has mainly emphasized the
concept of job motivation among workers. In addition to this, a different type of motivation was
explained so that strategies can be designed. The theories that are mentioned in the article
involves the Maslow’s hierarchy of needs and Herberg’s Motivation/Hygiene. In order to
develop employee motivation, Hilton hotel is suggested to implement these motivational theories
in their business operations: One of them is Hertzberg's two-factor theory which is also known as
dual factor theory. These factors are the motivation and hygiene. Hygiene Factors are the factors,
which, if not exist in a company will cause dissatisfaction in the employees. it includes the
factors like Job Security, Salary, Working Condition, etc. Every employee seeks a job security
from the firm they are working with (Maduka and Okafor, 2014). If the company doesn't
provide the job security, the employees will not work with full efficiency. Also, Company should
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provide with the salary negotiable to the employee, looking at his skill sets & job profile
(Herzberg's motivation-hygiene theory and job satisfaction in the Malaysian retail sector: the
mediating effect of the love of money, 2017) Low income will directly demotivate the employee
to perform well. Further, working conditions should be well managed & comfortable to the
employee to help him to perform better. Furthermore, there are various benefits of using this
theory in a business environment. Application of Hertzberg's theory helps in improving the
opportunity for employees. Every employee looks after for a job where they can get a fair
opportunity for personal growth. Conditions regarding his chances of improvement will
adversely affect him. However, companies should involve its employees in the decision making
procedure. This will leads to a sense of association in the employees. In addition to this, the
employee should get a sense of importance while working in a firm otherwise they will get
demotivated (Aina, 2014).
Besides this, Maduka and Okafor (2014) explained that there exist one more theory of
motivation that can be used by Hilton Hotel in increasing the dedication level of the people
working there. This model is known as Maslow's hierarchy of needs. According to this theory,
the human motivation depends on the five factors. They are Psychology, Safety,
Love/Belonging, Esteem and Self-Actualisation. Psychological needs includes the basic
requirements such as food, water, clothing, shelter which are required for the human a survival
motivating him to work better. Also, every human being requires safety, say it personal safety,
safety of family financial safety etc. health & well being of one self as well as the family is also
an important factor in the motivation. As human is a social being, it requires to be loved & cared
for. The need of good friendship & healthy relationship is very important in life of a person for
motivation. Further, the esteem, as well as recognition in the society, is a very important factor
which affects the motivation of an employee. In addition to this, Self- Actualisation motivates a
person to work hard to achieve his dreams. It can also be regarded as self realisation or the
personal goals.
As explained by Lavergne, and Pelletier, (2016 ), Maslow's hierarchy of needs is the most
suitable theory that should be implemented by the organizations to motivate their employees. It
is because of the facts that it covers all the important aspects that can impact upon employees.
Bot personal and professional satisfaction of a worker can be attained by using this tool. Thus,
Hilton hotel is suggested to make the best use of this model in improving the performance of
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people working there. It is derived from the word motive which means the desire for money,
success, job satisfaction, teamwork, etc. The most important function of any management is to
motivate the employees to perform their best out of abilities. It consists of internal and external
factors. Internal factors include skill development, personal factors, beliefs, skill development,
goals, etc. And external factors include social, legal, economic, etc.
According to Brown, and Capozza, (2016), there are various benefits of employee
motivation to the organizations. As the motivation for the employees increases his needs are also
fulfilled. They work to satisfies their needs and wants. Every organization recruit leaders to
provide motivation to the employees to satisfies their needs. This results in the improved
performance of the employees of the hotel. The employees in the hotel should also be motivated
to achieve more. As per the views of Rudolph, (2016), when the needs and wants of the
employee is fulfilled they become more dedicated towards his job because they will be happy
with his job and all his needs are being satisfied. This increases the job satisfaction among the
employees which directly affect both the employee hotel performance. In job satisfaction, some
needs are there like esteem needs, safety needs, love needs, etc. The biggest advantage of
employees motivation is that it satisfies the employees. This, in turn, increases his productivity
also increases. They will work more to achieve more salary and benefits. Increase in the
productivity of the employees also increases the productivity of the hotel. Thus overall both the
employee and Hilton hotel goals are achieved. the entire productivity of the hotel depends on the
employees of the hotel.
In contrary to this, Danish and Usman (2010) explained that there is no major role of
motivation in the job satisfaction. It rather depends upon the type of the work role that has been
provided to the employees. Also, it is the personality, traits and other characteristics play a role
in gaining motivation and thus, job satisfaction. In addition to this, it requires so many resources
for the implementation of the appropriate motivational model in the workplace. Also, so many
assessments are required to carry on before selecting the best motivational tool to be applied.
This, in turn, increases the expenses of the firm by enhancing the various activities. Further, the
monetary method used for motivating the workforce is a major additional expense that a firm
may not bear to accept (Miner, 2015). In addition to this, the selection of the best suitable model
for the employee motivation will take so much time and thus, the time-effectiveness of the entity
will be disturbed. Hence, there will be a decrease in the work will be recorded at the Hilton hotel.
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However, Aina, (2014) critique the statement and said that to learn something new the
employee must be motivated. Without motivation, nothing can be learned. A motivated
employee is able to learn something new and to do something new (Aina, 2014). The employee
must be willing to learn new things. By learning new things the employees are developed by the
hotel. The hotel should organize learning programs so that the employees can participate in it to
learn new things in this way the employees will also be retained by the hotel. There exists one
more advantage and that is it helps in a proper discipline of the employees. If the employee is not
disciplined they will not be willing to work for the hotel. The self-discipline of the employees
cost less and they accomplish more. Discipline also helps in better customer services and if the
customer service is good, the customers will be happy and therefore increase in the performance
of the employees and the employees will be rewarded by the hotel (Wery, and Thomson, 2013).
Motivation further helps in better customer service which includes guiding the customers,
helping them, solving their problems, etc. By offering better customer service to the customers
the hotel the employees can improve their performance and can also motivate themselves for
doing more for the hotel. By giving better services to the customers the hotel can increase their
customer base and thus can achieve more than the targets.
According to the views of Lasagabaster, Doiz, and Sierra, (2014), for a company, its
employees are the most important assets. Management of this human resource is the most
challenging part of the company. The company management has to take some core steps to
ensure that the employees are well motivated & functioning efficiently as demotivated workforce
will not work properly & this will have a negative effect on productivity. Thus the organization
can take few steps to improve the work quality by motivating the employees. The company has
to involve its workforce, in one or the other level, in the decision making process. It will not only
help in developing employees sense of trust but also their dedication towards the company. The
company can also encourage & appreciate the employees for their innovative ideas &
suggestions. It gives them a feeling of importance & meaning to their designation. If an
employee is provided with a responsibility & worthy challenge to achieve, they will get
motivated.
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Appreciation can be given to compliment their work. It can be verbal or monetary, but
this encourages the employees to work with dedication & hard work. Also, it will increase their
self-confidence & hunger for achievement. Avoiding rivalry among colleagues is also important.
The employee must be working in an environment of healthy competition & not in a pursuit to
the showdown with somebody (Barreto, Vasconcelos and dos Santos, 2017). Rivalries not only
bring down the morale but also destroys motivation. Developing team spirit is also essential for
the motivation of the employees. It will develop a sense of achieving goals through teamwork
but will motivate them to show their individual attributes.
Further, as per the views of Whetten and Cameron, (2014) there exist various tactics that
can be used by the entity to increase the productivity and thus, the profitability of the business.
These methods of enhancing the employee attention to work in a productive manner may be
monetary or non-monetary. By monetary it is meant that employees can be motivated by
incentives, performance-based rewards, bonuses, promotions, retirements and health plans, etc.
These tools directly influence on the basic desires of workers that in turn makes them work in a
productive manner. In addition to this, the performance-based rewards are the best method that
should be introduced by all managers in their organization. On the basis of this, only deserving
candidates can avail the benefits. It will further help in creating a healthy competition in the
working environment. Hence, Hilton hotel is suggested to render incentives to the employees on
the basis of the quality and quantity of their work. Implementation of this method in the business
will help in achieving work effectiveness and thus, productivity can be attained by the firm.
In order to achieve the understanding of the importance of employee motivation in the
job satisfaction, various tools are used. For the present research work, data has been collected
from both the primary and secondary sources. For gaining the primary information, data has been
taken from both the employees and managers. Questionnaires have been conducted for the 50
employees working in the Hilton hotels. In order to collect information from managers, interview
for 5 is organized. Besides this, secondary sources that have been used to gather the relevant
understanding are books, journals, and internet. The method here used for the analysis of the data
is qualitative.
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