Business Research: Employee Motivation and Performance Review

This literature review examines the impact of employee motivation on organizational performance, drawing from various academic sources. The paper explores the significance of employee motivation, highlighting its influence on overall business success. The review synthesizes research on employee engagement, motivational theories such as Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs and Herzberg's two-factor theory, and their practical applications within organizations. It discusses how employee motivation affects performance, engagement, and organizational goal achievement, concluding that motivational factors are critical for organizational success. The research employs a rigorous methodology, selecting articles based on criteria of currency, relevance, authority, accuracy, and purpose, to provide a comprehensive overview of the subject. The review emphasizes the importance of aligning employee motivation with organizational goals to drive improved performance in competitive markets.

Running head: BUSINESS RESEARCH - LITERATURE REVIEW
IMPACT OF EMPLOYEE MOTIVATION ON ORGANIZATIONAL PERFORMANCE
Name of the Student
Name of the University
Author Note

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Introduction
The performance of a business organization is known to have been dependent on a
plethora of factors that are presented within the business environment of a given area. The
employees of the organization are known to be one of the major stakeholders that affect the
overall performance of the company in the given markets. According to Lee and Raschke (2016),
the performance of the employees of the organization helps in the overall development of the
organizational performance in the given markets. However, the performance of the employees is
highly affected by the motivation that they receive on the part of the employees of the
organization. Osabiya (2015) counter that the proper amount of the motivation as is received by
the organization is known to have been affecting the overall performance of the organization in
the international markets wherein the concerned organization has been operational. The
following paper attempts a review on the existent literature on the various impacts of the proper
employee motivation on the performance of the organization.
Methods
The literature that is being reviewed for the overall development of the research paper
was collected through the extensive and time-consuming searches that are related to the chosen
topics. The searches were based on the major keywords that were presented within the chosen
topic. The major keywords that were used in the searches for the articles in this case are
“employee motivation”, “organizational performance”, “impact of employee motivation”,
“employee performance”, “employee motivational theories” and “impact of employee
performance on the organizational performance”. These keywords helped in the retrieval of the
proper peer-reviewed journals that would help in the overall development of the research paper
that is to composed.

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The major databases refer to the library database of La Trobe University, the academic
database of Google Scholar as well as the other online journal databases such as EBSCO
databases, ProQuest databases, Emerald Insight databases and other such databases. These
databases helped in the searches and the retrieval of the proper peer-reviewed journal articles that
were used in the given literature review.
The researches within the given databases resulted in the collection of over 30 journal
articles against the keywords that were used for the proper conduction of the proper literature
review on the chosen topic as well. The selected articles that were used for the overall
composition of the literature review. The articles were selected on the basis of the criteria that
had been proposed by Sarah Blakeslee in the CRAAP test model. The articles were selected on
the basis of the currency of the article, the relevance of the article, the authority and the accuracy
of the article as well as the purpose of the composition of the article in discussion. The major
criteria for the inclusion and the exclusion of the articles refer to the conditions of the currency
of the article and the relevance of the materials discussed within the article in regards to the
chosen topic for the literature review.
Results
The research paper would be composed on the basis of 12 articles that had been selected
after browsing through the databases that have been mentioned in the above section. The
employees of the organization are known to have been affecting the overall performances of the
company. The employee performance within the given organization refer to the overall
performances as have been demonstrated by the employees of the organization in terms of the
issues that are faced by the organization. According to Kontoghiorghes (2016), the majority of
the issues that are presented within the given organization refer to the proper motivation to get

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involved in the operations of the organization in terms of achieving the organizational goals and
missions that are set by the concerned organization as well. Jacobsen and Bøgh Andersen (2017)
state that the proper performance of the employees of the organization bear relevance to the
issues that are highlighted in cases wherein there is a proper engagement of the employees within
the organization.
The employee engagement refers to the conditions wherein the concerned employees
within the organization are well aware of the goals of the organization that have been set by the
concerned organization. The employee engagement within the given organizational settings are
required for the overall development of the issues that are highlighted in case of the overall
operations within the business organization. Jayaweera (2015) highlights that the engagement of
the employees within the organization might be improved with the help of the implementation of
various motivational measures that are adapted by the organizational management. The proper
motivational measures that are incorporated by the concerned organizational management tend to
help in the improvement of the engagement of the employees within the organization.
The employees of the organization are known to have been motivated with the help of the
implementation of the motivational theories by the concerned organizational management. The
major motivational theories that are presented by the various scholars dealing with the
organizational management. Hanaysha and Majid (2018) opine that the major theories of
motivation that might be used for the proper motivation of the employees of the organization
refer to the use of the motivational theories as discussed through Maslow’s Hierarchy of needs
model and the two-factors theory of motivation as has been stated by Hertzberg.
The model of the Hierarchy of Needs as have been highlighted by Abraham Maslow deal
with the psychological factors that have been dealing with the motivational needs that should be

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presented to the concerned employees of the organization. Fallatah and Syed (2018) highlight
that the model consists of five different levels that demonstrate the needs of the concerned
individuals. The model is demonstrated with the help of the pyramid that is subdivided into the
levels that are related to the overall motivation that needs to be provided to the concerned
workforce of the organization. Lee and Hanna (2015) counter that the employees of the
organization should be advised to deal with the proper motivation towards the employees. This
in turn will help in the overall development of the employee engagement within the given
organization as well.
The concerned management of the business organization are further observed to be
implementing the two-factor theory of motivation as have been put forth by Hertzberg.
Alshmemri, Shahwan-Akl, and Maude (2017) state that the theoretical model of motivation is
known to be composed of the two different types of factors, majorly the factors that are related to
the enhancement of the satisfaction of the organizational workforce. The concerned model also
discusses the factors that contribute to the dissatisfaction of the organizational workforce as well.
Alfayad and Arif (2017) highlighted the fact that the satisfaction as well as the dissatisfaction
factors that are highlighted within the given model are independent in terms of the functionality
of the concerned employees within the organization. These are related to the increasing of the
motivation that needs to be provided to the organizational workforce thereby leading to the
improvement of the organizational performance.
The organizational performance within the given markets is highly dependent of the
performance of the employees within the given organization. The proper performance of the
employees within the given organization helps in the improvement of the organizational
performance in the given industry. The employee engagement within the given organizational

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settings are required for the overall development of the issues that are highlighted in case of the
overall operations within the business organization. According to Barrick et al. (2015), the
engagement of the employees within the organization might be improved with the help of the
implementation of various motivational measures that are adapted by the organizational
management. The major motivational theories that are presented by the various scholars dealing
with the organizational management. This helps in the overall development of the organizational
performance within the given industry. The performance of the employees of the organization
helps in the overall development of the organizational performance in the given markets.
However, the performance of the employees is highly affected by the motivation that they
receive on the part of the employees of the organization. Porter, Riesenmy and Fields (2016)
argue that the proper amount of the motivation as is received by the organization is known to
have been affecting the overall performance of the organization in the international markets
wherein the concerned organization has been operational. The organizational performance within
the given industry is highly dependent on the issues that are related to the motivation of the
employees who have been serving the business organization.
Conclusion
The above discussion might be concluded with the fact that the organizational
performance within the given industry is heavily dependent on the motivational factors that are
presented to the employees. The employee engagement within the given organizational settings
are required for the overall development of the issues that are highlighted in case of the overall
operations within the business organization. The engagement of the employees within the
organization might be improved with the help of the implementation of various motivational
measures that are adapted by the organizational management. The majority of the issues that are

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presented within the given organization refer to the proper motivation to get involved in the
operations of the organization in terms of achieving the organizational goals and missions that
are set by the concerned organization as well.

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References
Alfayad, Z. and Arif, L.S.M., 2017. Employee voice and job satisfaction: An application of
Herzberg two-factor theory. International Review of Management and Marketing, 7(1), pp.150-
156.
Alshmemri, M., Shahwan-Akl, L. and Maude, P., 2017. Herzberg’s two-factor theory. Life
Science Journal, 14(5), pp.12-16.
Barrick, M.R., Thurgood, G.R., Smith, T.A. and Courtright, S.H., 2015. Collective
organizational engagement: Linking motivational antecedents, strategic implementation, and
firm performance. Academy of Management journal, 58(1), pp.111-135.
Fallatah, R.H.M. and Syed, J., 2018. A Critical Review of Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs.
In Employee Motivation in Saudi Arabia (pp. 19-59). Palgrave Macmillan, Cham.
Hanaysha, J.R. and Majid, M., 2018. Employee motivation and its role in improving the
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Jayaweera, T., 2015. Impact of work environmental factors on job performance, mediating role
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management, 10(3), p.271.

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