A Study on Employee Retention and Turnover at Wenzels the Bakers
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This report investigates employee retention and turnover within Wenzels the Bakers, a bakery operating since 1975. The research aims to understand the concepts of employee retention and turnover, identify factors affecting them, assess necessary changes for employee engagement, and study th...

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Table of Contents
TITLE: ............................................................................................................................................1
Introduction .....................................................................................................................................1
Literature Review ............................................................................................................................2
Concept of employee retention and turnover..............................................................................2
Various factors that affect retention initiatives and turnover in Wenzels ..................................3
Benefits of employee retention and turnover in Wenzels ..........................................................4
Impact of employees retention or turnover on the overall performance of Wenzels the Bakers5
Research Methodology ...................................................................................................................7
Data Analysis and Findings ..........................................................................................................10
Evaluation And Findings ..............................................................................................................22
REFERENCES..............................................................................................................................25
Appendix .......................................................................................................................................29
TITLE: ............................................................................................................................................1
Introduction .....................................................................................................................................1
Literature Review ............................................................................................................................2
Concept of employee retention and turnover..............................................................................2
Various factors that affect retention initiatives and turnover in Wenzels ..................................3
Benefits of employee retention and turnover in Wenzels ..........................................................4
Impact of employees retention or turnover on the overall performance of Wenzels the Bakers5
Research Methodology ...................................................................................................................7
Data Analysis and Findings ..........................................................................................................10
Evaluation And Findings ..............................................................................................................22
REFERENCES..............................................................................................................................25
Appendix .......................................................................................................................................29

TITLE:
‘Investigating Employee retention and turnover in Wenzels the Bakers’
Introduction
Research project is a wide area which is created to resolve a issue in proper manner. The
chosen area of work is based on investigate the significance the role of retention and turnover
within Wenzels the bakers. Employee retention is a major concern of businesses in respect to
developing the operations of firm within market place. Wenzels the Bakers is the chosen
organisation for this particular project, this is a private company is operated from 1975 in NW
London and Beyonds. This report contains the study about Investigating Employee retention and
turnover in Wenzels the Bakers. Predetermined aims and objectives are created to support the
work in right manner (Jiang and et. al., 2012). Literature review is executed for the purpose of
developing a critically evaluated theoretical framework and suitable methodlogies will be select
to support the work in right manner. Along with this data analysis and finding will created on the
basis of questionnaire (Gialuisi and Coetzer, 2013).
Research Aim
"To investigate the significance of role of retention and turnover within Wenzels the
bakers’’.
Research Objectives
The significant objectives of the research are described as below:
ï‚· To understand the concept of employee retention and turnover.
ï‚· To identify the factors that affects employee turnover and retention in Wenzels the
bakers.
ï‚· To assess the changes required in employee retention and turnover to improve employee
engagement.
ï‚· To Study the impact of employees retention or turnover on the overall performance of
Wenzels the Bakers.ï‚· To make recommendation to improve employee engagement.
Research Questions
Questions are described below:
ï‚· What is the concept of employee retention and turnover?
1
‘Investigating Employee retention and turnover in Wenzels the Bakers’
Introduction
Research project is a wide area which is created to resolve a issue in proper manner. The
chosen area of work is based on investigate the significance the role of retention and turnover
within Wenzels the bakers. Employee retention is a major concern of businesses in respect to
developing the operations of firm within market place. Wenzels the Bakers is the chosen
organisation for this particular project, this is a private company is operated from 1975 in NW
London and Beyonds. This report contains the study about Investigating Employee retention and
turnover in Wenzels the Bakers. Predetermined aims and objectives are created to support the
work in right manner (Jiang and et. al., 2012). Literature review is executed for the purpose of
developing a critically evaluated theoretical framework and suitable methodlogies will be select
to support the work in right manner. Along with this data analysis and finding will created on the
basis of questionnaire (Gialuisi and Coetzer, 2013).
Research Aim
"To investigate the significance of role of retention and turnover within Wenzels the
bakers’’.
Research Objectives
The significant objectives of the research are described as below:
ï‚· To understand the concept of employee retention and turnover.
ï‚· To identify the factors that affects employee turnover and retention in Wenzels the
bakers.
ï‚· To assess the changes required in employee retention and turnover to improve employee
engagement.
ï‚· To Study the impact of employees retention or turnover on the overall performance of
Wenzels the Bakers.ï‚· To make recommendation to improve employee engagement.
Research Questions
Questions are described below:
ï‚· What is the concept of employee retention and turnover?
1

ï‚· What are the factors that affect retention initiatives and turnover in Wenzels the bakers?
ï‚· What benefits are derived by Wenzels the Bakers through employee retention and
turnover?
ï‚· What is the impact of employees retention or turnover on the overall performance of
Wenzels the Bakers?
Literature Review
Concept of employee retention and turnover
As per the views expressed by Margaret Rouse, 2017, employee retention is refers as the
ability if a business to retain its employees, it can also be represented as a sample statistic thus, it
can also considered as the efforts that are attempted by employers in respect to retain the
employees in their workforces (Swider, Boswell and Zimmerman, 2011). Employees retention is
the major concern of an organisational management, thus it may resulted in higher growth and
profitability at market place. In another words employee retention is considered as an effective
process in which workers and employees are motivated to remain constant or stable with an
organisation for the a maximum time duration for the purpose of completion of a specific work.
This aspect is effective for employees as well as organisations in terms of attaining benefits and
growth. High employees retention of advantageous for business in terms of enhancing
organisational production and operations by the continuous and long term efforts of an individual
(Chan, 2015).
On the other side Alajmi, B. and Alasousi, H. (2019), employees will also attain benefits
in terms of gaining experience and sustainability, thus it create value for the employee in
attaining numerous benefits from firm in monetary like compensation, extra pay, incentives etc.
and non monetary terms like job role, profile, working schedule etc. Employee turnover is also
an another key aspect which is necessary for a business to be consider in respect to attaining long
term benefits and growth. As per the views expressed by Carol Woods, 2018, Employee turnover
is a key aspect of human resource management, it majorly refers as a measurement of the
number of employees who leave a firm during a specified time duration, typically within a one
year time duration. Hence a business organisation mainly measures the total number of
employees who leave, turnover can also apply to subcategories in a business like individual
department of demographic groups. Employee turnover and retention are considered to be the
2
ï‚· What benefits are derived by Wenzels the Bakers through employee retention and
turnover?
ï‚· What is the impact of employees retention or turnover on the overall performance of
Wenzels the Bakers?
Literature Review
Concept of employee retention and turnover
As per the views expressed by Margaret Rouse, 2017, employee retention is refers as the
ability if a business to retain its employees, it can also be represented as a sample statistic thus, it
can also considered as the efforts that are attempted by employers in respect to retain the
employees in their workforces (Swider, Boswell and Zimmerman, 2011). Employees retention is
the major concern of an organisational management, thus it may resulted in higher growth and
profitability at market place. In another words employee retention is considered as an effective
process in which workers and employees are motivated to remain constant or stable with an
organisation for the a maximum time duration for the purpose of completion of a specific work.
This aspect is effective for employees as well as organisations in terms of attaining benefits and
growth. High employees retention of advantageous for business in terms of enhancing
organisational production and operations by the continuous and long term efforts of an individual
(Chan, 2015).
On the other side Alajmi, B. and Alasousi, H. (2019), employees will also attain benefits
in terms of gaining experience and sustainability, thus it create value for the employee in
attaining numerous benefits from firm in monetary like compensation, extra pay, incentives etc.
and non monetary terms like job role, profile, working schedule etc. Employee turnover is also
an another key aspect which is necessary for a business to be consider in respect to attaining long
term benefits and growth. As per the views expressed by Carol Woods, 2018, Employee turnover
is a key aspect of human resource management, it majorly refers as a measurement of the
number of employees who leave a firm during a specified time duration, typically within a one
year time duration. Hence a business organisation mainly measures the total number of
employees who leave, turnover can also apply to subcategories in a business like individual
department of demographic groups. Employee turnover and retention are considered to be the
2
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contradictory aspect which are significantly relay on each other (Stewart and et. al., 2011).
However organisations are widely concern on retaining employees for long run of business
operations and reducing employees turnover (Wilkens, 2013). This create value for the firm in
attainment of higher growth and profitability. In today's tight labour market retention of
employees is an essential aspect. Thus employees who are satisfied with the way their business
treats them as workers and rewards them for their performance or efforts (Allen and Shanock,
2013). This create value in reducing the chances of leaving of the organisation. In this modern
business environment organisations are putting numerous efforts in reducing turnover through
retaining employees for long run of businesses, thus high reduction in turnover may result in
attainment of higher profitability and growth within the commercial centre.
Various factors that affect retention initiatives and turnover in Wenzels
As per the views expressed by Jordan Lore, 2017, Employee retention factor is
recognised as a most effective aspect ever (Newman, Thanacoody and Hui, 2011). In employee
retention, employer plays vital role, thus employer's are requires to have the ability to retain
employees for longer run of business operations for the consideration of attaining long term
benefits and growth. Turnover is also a another key aspect which is required to be managed by
the businesses for the purpose of attaining higher growth and success. Wenzels is mainly
operates in the bakery segment, as a leading bakery the company is majorly concern over
retaining its employees for long run of operations and attaining higher growth and profitability
by reducing extra employee turnover (MUSTAPHA, 2017). There are multiple factors that affect
retention initiatives and turnover in Wenzels in which some are described as below:
Work schedule flexibility: According to the Joelle, M. and Coelho, A. (2019), this refers
as an essential aspect which has positive impact over attracting people towards the working
environment of a businesses. Thus it helps organisations are providing flexible working
environment to their employees in respect to retain them, but on the contrary it also has negative
influences over the working culture and environment, thus few people taking it as granted and
use them in negative manner which may affects the working manner of business (Kim, 2014). In
the context of Wenzels the bakery, it is essential for the employees to given suitable time in
developing the operations of firm and if in any case employees are not giving proper time to the
firm than the operations of business may affected in negative manner.
3
However organisations are widely concern on retaining employees for long run of business
operations and reducing employees turnover (Wilkens, 2013). This create value for the firm in
attainment of higher growth and profitability. In today's tight labour market retention of
employees is an essential aspect. Thus employees who are satisfied with the way their business
treats them as workers and rewards them for their performance or efforts (Allen and Shanock,
2013). This create value in reducing the chances of leaving of the organisation. In this modern
business environment organisations are putting numerous efforts in reducing turnover through
retaining employees for long run of businesses, thus high reduction in turnover may result in
attainment of higher profitability and growth within the commercial centre.
Various factors that affect retention initiatives and turnover in Wenzels
As per the views expressed by Jordan Lore, 2017, Employee retention factor is
recognised as a most effective aspect ever (Newman, Thanacoody and Hui, 2011). In employee
retention, employer plays vital role, thus employer's are requires to have the ability to retain
employees for longer run of business operations for the consideration of attaining long term
benefits and growth. Turnover is also a another key aspect which is required to be managed by
the businesses for the purpose of attaining higher growth and success. Wenzels is mainly
operates in the bakery segment, as a leading bakery the company is majorly concern over
retaining its employees for long run of operations and attaining higher growth and profitability
by reducing extra employee turnover (MUSTAPHA, 2017). There are multiple factors that affect
retention initiatives and turnover in Wenzels in which some are described as below:
Work schedule flexibility: According to the Joelle, M. and Coelho, A. (2019), this refers
as an essential aspect which has positive impact over attracting people towards the working
environment of a businesses. Thus it helps organisations are providing flexible working
environment to their employees in respect to retain them, but on the contrary it also has negative
influences over the working culture and environment, thus few people taking it as granted and
use them in negative manner which may affects the working manner of business (Kim, 2014). In
the context of Wenzels the bakery, it is essential for the employees to given suitable time in
developing the operations of firm and if in any case employees are not giving proper time to the
firm than the operations of business may affected in negative manner.
3

Skill Recognition: This is also a key aspect which is requires to be considered by businesses for
better selection of candidates for betterment of organisational operations and functions. It is the
key role which is performed by employer in respect to making the suitable selection of
employees (Chen, H.C. And et. al., 2016). In the context of Wenzels, it is a service industry in
which it is essential for the management to hire highly skilled and talented staff's in respect to
making organisational offerings more effective and liable (Alniaçik and et. al., 2013). If
organisation is not able to significantly analysing the skills of an individual that it may directly
affect the operations of firm in direct manner.
Training and development sessions: This is investment for businesses, thus organisations are
concern on providing training to their employees in respect to developing their skills and ability
at work place (Putri, 2018). Training is provided to developing the ability of employees at work
place, it is provided for short time duration and if in any case employees are not able to attain
significant knowledge that it will hamper the turnover of firm. As a service firm Wenzels
requires to provide effective training process for rendering proper services to their customers. As
currently company is not providing regular training to their employees, so it is essential for the
firm to improvise their training process in respect to reducing the chance of extra turnover
(Kalemci Tuzun and Arzu Kalemci, 2012).
Benefits of employee retention and turnover in Wenzels
According to the views expressed by Lisa Seber, 2017, employees are considered to be
the intellectual property of an organisation thus day-to-day organisational operations are based
on the contribution of employees (Karatepe, 2012). However the prime motive of a business is to
retaining employees at work place for generating long term profitability and growth.
According to the Ambrose, M., Taylor, R. and Hess Jr, R. (2015), Employee retention
and turnover are interconnected aspect that are based on each other, thus long term retention of
employees are effective for making appropriate reduction in the turnover of business. Hence this
also create value for the firm in attainment of higher growth and success at market place
(Tossman, 2013). As a developing company, the key consideration of Wenzels the baker is to
retaining their employees form long time in respect to developing their operations and functions
at market place (Cardy and Lengnick-Hall, 2011). The firm Wenzels has attain numerious
benefits through employees retention and reduction in turnover in which some are associated as
below:
4
better selection of candidates for betterment of organisational operations and functions. It is the
key role which is performed by employer in respect to making the suitable selection of
employees (Chen, H.C. And et. al., 2016). In the context of Wenzels, it is a service industry in
which it is essential for the management to hire highly skilled and talented staff's in respect to
making organisational offerings more effective and liable (Alniaçik and et. al., 2013). If
organisation is not able to significantly analysing the skills of an individual that it may directly
affect the operations of firm in direct manner.
Training and development sessions: This is investment for businesses, thus organisations are
concern on providing training to their employees in respect to developing their skills and ability
at work place (Putri, 2018). Training is provided to developing the ability of employees at work
place, it is provided for short time duration and if in any case employees are not able to attain
significant knowledge that it will hamper the turnover of firm. As a service firm Wenzels
requires to provide effective training process for rendering proper services to their customers. As
currently company is not providing regular training to their employees, so it is essential for the
firm to improvise their training process in respect to reducing the chance of extra turnover
(Kalemci Tuzun and Arzu Kalemci, 2012).
Benefits of employee retention and turnover in Wenzels
According to the views expressed by Lisa Seber, 2017, employees are considered to be
the intellectual property of an organisation thus day-to-day organisational operations are based
on the contribution of employees (Karatepe, 2012). However the prime motive of a business is to
retaining employees at work place for generating long term profitability and growth.
According to the Ambrose, M., Taylor, R. and Hess Jr, R. (2015), Employee retention
and turnover are interconnected aspect that are based on each other, thus long term retention of
employees are effective for making appropriate reduction in the turnover of business. Hence this
also create value for the firm in attainment of higher growth and success at market place
(Tossman, 2013). As a developing company, the key consideration of Wenzels the baker is to
retaining their employees form long time in respect to developing their operations and functions
at market place (Cardy and Lengnick-Hall, 2011). The firm Wenzels has attain numerious
benefits through employees retention and reduction in turnover in which some are associated as
below:
4

Skilled labour forces: Employee retention creates a strong work force which has direct influence
over the operations of firm at global level (Baylis and Perks-Baker, 2017). Working in team or at
individual basis both are effective in terms of developing the operations of firm, thus it is easy
for the people to share knowledge and expertise skilled for developing the ability of working.
Employee retention is effective for the firm is developing the skilled labour force which may
resulted in developing the operations and function of business at wider level (Hassan and et. al.,
2013). Wenzels is the leading Bakers company which deals in higher bakery facilities and
products. The company is attaining benefits in retaining skilled workforce for developing the
operations and functions of the firm at higher level. Hence skilled workforce is able to dealing
with tactic situations and perform in more reliable manner which will benefited the firm in
smooth functioning of operations.
Cost Saving: This is the major benefit which is attained by Wenzels, thus higher employees
retention will positively impacted over the business functions and operations. However higher
retention has significant impact over the turnover of business thus reduction in employee
turnover has taken place which may result in attainment of higher profitability and growth
(Larkin, Brasel and Pines, 2013). There is also no need for the firm to providing training or
development session to their employees, thus retailed employees are able to perform task in more
effective and reliable manner.
Increase in customer service: This is also a major advantage that is attained by businesses in
terms of attaining significant growth. Customers are the key aspect of business thus the higher
growth is based on the satisfaction of customer within market place (Acord, 2018). Retention of
employees are beneficial for the firm in retaining their skilled and talent workforces which create
value for the firm in delivering proper services to their significant customers. In the case of
Wenzels the Bakers customers satisfaction is the key aspect for the business in maintaining
sustainability within market place. The company is concern over employees retention in respect
to providing suitability to their customers through their business operations (Al-Emadi,
Schwabenland and Wei, 2015).
Impact of employees retention or turnover on the overall performance of Wenzels the Bakers
Employee retention and turnover are two different aspect which are contradictory with
each other and significantly affects the operations and functions of businesses. Employees are the
key aspect of business, thus the operations of firm are based on the contribution of knowledge
5
over the operations of firm at global level (Baylis and Perks-Baker, 2017). Working in team or at
individual basis both are effective in terms of developing the operations of firm, thus it is easy
for the people to share knowledge and expertise skilled for developing the ability of working.
Employee retention is effective for the firm is developing the skilled labour force which may
resulted in developing the operations and function of business at wider level (Hassan and et. al.,
2013). Wenzels is the leading Bakers company which deals in higher bakery facilities and
products. The company is attaining benefits in retaining skilled workforce for developing the
operations and functions of the firm at higher level. Hence skilled workforce is able to dealing
with tactic situations and perform in more reliable manner which will benefited the firm in
smooth functioning of operations.
Cost Saving: This is the major benefit which is attained by Wenzels, thus higher employees
retention will positively impacted over the business functions and operations. However higher
retention has significant impact over the turnover of business thus reduction in employee
turnover has taken place which may result in attainment of higher profitability and growth
(Larkin, Brasel and Pines, 2013). There is also no need for the firm to providing training or
development session to their employees, thus retailed employees are able to perform task in more
effective and reliable manner.
Increase in customer service: This is also a major advantage that is attained by businesses in
terms of attaining significant growth. Customers are the key aspect of business thus the higher
growth is based on the satisfaction of customer within market place (Acord, 2018). Retention of
employees are beneficial for the firm in retaining their skilled and talent workforces which create
value for the firm in delivering proper services to their significant customers. In the case of
Wenzels the Bakers customers satisfaction is the key aspect for the business in maintaining
sustainability within market place. The company is concern over employees retention in respect
to providing suitability to their customers through their business operations (Al-Emadi,
Schwabenland and Wei, 2015).
Impact of employees retention or turnover on the overall performance of Wenzels the Bakers
Employee retention and turnover are two different aspect which are contradictory with
each other and significantly affects the operations and functions of businesses. Employees are the
key aspect of business, thus the operations of firm are based on the contribution of knowledge
5
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and skills of employees (Yang, Wan and Fu, 2012). However the key motive of an organisation
is to retaining employees for betterment of organisational operations through long term
achievement of business goals and objectives. Employee retention also creates value for the firm
in reducing staff turnover which may result in higher profitability and growth. Employee
retention and turnover has positively impacted on the performance of Wenzels the Bakers. The
key consideration of the business is to retaining skilled people to improvise the operations of
firm at large level (Welsh, 2014). However skilled and experienced people are more reliable
towards the functions and operations thus they are more aware regarding the operations of firm
and also effective in developing the overall performance of firm (Masibigiri and Nienaber,
2011). The Wenzels the Bakers invest time and money to train a new joiner, making them ready
to work, understand the methods of made the things, and develop the ability of dealing with
customers. All these activities take a great time to learn. So if the organisation wants from
employees that they spends a longer time with them then they have to provide their employees
higher salary, comfortable timings, better ambience, and growth prospects. By retaining
employees in their bakery they can increase their turnover and brand value also. While doing
these efforts to the retain of the employees in the company, they can avoid hiring costs, training
costs, loss of the skilled labour, and can increased overall productivity (Shen and Jiuhua Zhu,
2011). Hence, Employee retaining can left a huge effect on the company's turnover, it has power
to leads the company in the profit and loss also. In today's world employees are facing very
uncertain and changing environment with respect to their job and career. Everyone wants a great
job and certain future planning where their life is secured and they can live with free mind. All
the employees always search for better opportunities, better career, and succession progression in
their organisations (Geddes, 2014). They always expect at least a great job where their progress
increase day by day with the monetary terms also.
According to the Cao, H., Jiang, J., Oh, L., Li, H., Liao, X. and Chen, Z. (2013),
Maslow's hierarchy of needs analysis will helps an organisation to retain workers for long time
and attain better outcomes within given time duration. In every organisation, employees are
valuable asset that is responsible for the daily business activities (Ingersoll and May, 2012).
Employee will always retain in the organisation if all the conditions are according to their
employees satisfaction. Employee retention refers to that condition where employees are
encouraged to sustain with the organisation for a long time period. If employees are retain in the
6
is to retaining employees for betterment of organisational operations through long term
achievement of business goals and objectives. Employee retention also creates value for the firm
in reducing staff turnover which may result in higher profitability and growth. Employee
retention and turnover has positively impacted on the performance of Wenzels the Bakers. The
key consideration of the business is to retaining skilled people to improvise the operations of
firm at large level (Welsh, 2014). However skilled and experienced people are more reliable
towards the functions and operations thus they are more aware regarding the operations of firm
and also effective in developing the overall performance of firm (Masibigiri and Nienaber,
2011). The Wenzels the Bakers invest time and money to train a new joiner, making them ready
to work, understand the methods of made the things, and develop the ability of dealing with
customers. All these activities take a great time to learn. So if the organisation wants from
employees that they spends a longer time with them then they have to provide their employees
higher salary, comfortable timings, better ambience, and growth prospects. By retaining
employees in their bakery they can increase their turnover and brand value also. While doing
these efforts to the retain of the employees in the company, they can avoid hiring costs, training
costs, loss of the skilled labour, and can increased overall productivity (Shen and Jiuhua Zhu,
2011). Hence, Employee retaining can left a huge effect on the company's turnover, it has power
to leads the company in the profit and loss also. In today's world employees are facing very
uncertain and changing environment with respect to their job and career. Everyone wants a great
job and certain future planning where their life is secured and they can live with free mind. All
the employees always search for better opportunities, better career, and succession progression in
their organisations (Geddes, 2014). They always expect at least a great job where their progress
increase day by day with the monetary terms also.
According to the Cao, H., Jiang, J., Oh, L., Li, H., Liao, X. and Chen, Z. (2013),
Maslow's hierarchy of needs analysis will helps an organisation to retain workers for long time
and attain better outcomes within given time duration. In every organisation, employees are
valuable asset that is responsible for the daily business activities (Ingersoll and May, 2012).
Employee will always retain in the organisation if all the conditions are according to their
employees satisfaction. Employee retention refers to that condition where employees are
encouraged to sustain with the organisation for a long time period. If employees are retain in the
6

organisation for a long time it will help to increase the goodwill of the company and it will also
proved financial gain for an organisation. In the context of Wenzels the bakers, they are running
bakers where all employees are specially trained and has a specific talent to do that job
(Gretzinger and et. al., 2014).
7
proved financial gain for an organisation. In the context of Wenzels the bakers, they are running
bakers where all employees are specially trained and has a specific talent to do that job
(Gretzinger and et. al., 2014).
7

Research Methodology
Research Methodology is determined as the key aspect of an exploration work, thus it
refers as a systematic or theoretical determination of the tools that are applied to a specified area
of study to provide support to the overall investigation work. This section is majorly comprises
as the theoretical evaluation of the body of tools and principles that are associated to a selected
area of knowledge (Melo and et. al., 2016). This section is significantly encompasses over
various applications that are suitable in carry out the work in right manner. The projects into
consideration is based on the significance of role related to retention and turnover within
Wenzels the bakers. This is a wide area of research on which suitable selection of methodologies
are required to support the work in proper manner (Dulmus and Sowers, 2014). The appropriate
methodological selection for this particular research are described as below:
Type of Investigation: This is the major recognition of an investigator is to select the most
suitable type type in respect to assisting the work in right manner. A research can be qualitative,
quantitative or the combination of both, thus the selection of research type is based on the
accumulated information that are related to the investigation work (Ortlieb, Matiaske and Fietze,
2016). Qualitative research in based on accumulation of non-numerical data as in this theoretical
framework is created on the basis of non-numeric data. On the other side quantitative research is
based on quantitative data as in this information is gathered on the basis of numeric aspects this
in this statistics and mathematical information is gathered (Strong, 2014). In this present area of
work qualitative research type is applied by the researcher to gather authentic and reliable
information to drawing valid outcome, Thus this tool is also effective in providing appropriate
in-depth analysis on the significance of employee retention or turnover on the overall
performance of business (Danbold and Huo, 2017).
Research Design: This is also another essential aspect of research which provides project
specification to implement all actions in proper manner. This part of investigation is
encompasses over three major aspect i.e. descriptive, exploratory and experimental research
design (Hildebrandt, 2012). In the context of the chosen area of work, which is related to the
significance of the role of retention and turnover on the overall performance of Wenzels the
Bakers. In this descriptive research design is selected by the researcher thus it is effective in
gaining detailed description about the chosen area of work.
8
Research Methodology is determined as the key aspect of an exploration work, thus it
refers as a systematic or theoretical determination of the tools that are applied to a specified area
of study to provide support to the overall investigation work. This section is majorly comprises
as the theoretical evaluation of the body of tools and principles that are associated to a selected
area of knowledge (Melo and et. al., 2016). This section is significantly encompasses over
various applications that are suitable in carry out the work in right manner. The projects into
consideration is based on the significance of role related to retention and turnover within
Wenzels the bakers. This is a wide area of research on which suitable selection of methodologies
are required to support the work in proper manner (Dulmus and Sowers, 2014). The appropriate
methodological selection for this particular research are described as below:
Type of Investigation: This is the major recognition of an investigator is to select the most
suitable type type in respect to assisting the work in right manner. A research can be qualitative,
quantitative or the combination of both, thus the selection of research type is based on the
accumulated information that are related to the investigation work (Ortlieb, Matiaske and Fietze,
2016). Qualitative research in based on accumulation of non-numerical data as in this theoretical
framework is created on the basis of non-numeric data. On the other side quantitative research is
based on quantitative data as in this information is gathered on the basis of numeric aspects this
in this statistics and mathematical information is gathered (Strong, 2014). In this present area of
work qualitative research type is applied by the researcher to gather authentic and reliable
information to drawing valid outcome, Thus this tool is also effective in providing appropriate
in-depth analysis on the significance of employee retention or turnover on the overall
performance of business (Danbold and Huo, 2017).
Research Design: This is also another essential aspect of research which provides project
specification to implement all actions in proper manner. This part of investigation is
encompasses over three major aspect i.e. descriptive, exploratory and experimental research
design (Hildebrandt, 2012). In the context of the chosen area of work, which is related to the
significance of the role of retention and turnover on the overall performance of Wenzels the
Bakers. In this descriptive research design is selected by the researcher thus it is effective in
gaining detailed description about the chosen area of work.
8
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Research Approach: The investigation approach is consists of a plan and procedure which
consists of the steps of broad assumption to detailed tools of information accumulation, analysis
and interpretation. This section is relay upon two different methods i.e. deductive and inductive
research approach (Kaplan, LaPort and Waller, 2013). In this present area of work inductive
research approach is the most suitable tool, thus it is also effective for qualitative analysis. This
approach is effective in providing detailed analysis over the issue of retention and turnover on
the overall business performance of Wenzels the Bakers with the help applying suitable theories
and hypothesis (Nienaber and et. al., 2013).
Data Collection Tools: This section is encompasses over two major types like primary and
secondary sources. These sources are applied to gather information from different sources in
respect to drawing valid and reliable outcome (Allu and Sahni, 2016). Primary source are
effective in accumulation of data for the very first time, thus in this data is being gathered from
different sources like observation, survey, interview, questionnaire etc. On the other side
secondary tools are applied to gather theoretical information for providing support to the
investigation in detailed manner, thus in this information is gathered through books, journals,
published research articles and many others (Phillips, E. and et. al., 2012). In this present area of
work both primary as well as secondary sources are applied by the researcher thus these two are
effective in accumulation of reliable information on the employees retention and turnover to
attain higher growth and success (McHugh, 2017).
Data Sampling: Sampling is considered as an effective method which allows investigator to
infer data about a population based on results from a subset of the population, without having to
investigate every individual (Maxwell, 2012). Sampling can be categorised on the basis of two
aspects like probabilistic and non-probabilistic tools. In the present area of work data has been
accumulated from random sampling tool from the non-probabilistic method (Bakowicz, 2016).
In this selected research respondents are 30 who are the employee of the firm, thus they are more
reliable in providing proper and actual information regarding the operations of business.
Data Analysis: This is the most effective aspect of an investigation on which the overall findings
are based. However this section is effective in analysing the information which are accumulated
by the research in respect to drawing valid and reliable outcome (Ingersoll and May, 2012). It is
a process of inspecting, cleansing, transforming, and modelling information with the goal of
discovering useful information, informing conclusions, and supporting decision-making. In the
9
consists of the steps of broad assumption to detailed tools of information accumulation, analysis
and interpretation. This section is relay upon two different methods i.e. deductive and inductive
research approach (Kaplan, LaPort and Waller, 2013). In this present area of work inductive
research approach is the most suitable tool, thus it is also effective for qualitative analysis. This
approach is effective in providing detailed analysis over the issue of retention and turnover on
the overall business performance of Wenzels the Bakers with the help applying suitable theories
and hypothesis (Nienaber and et. al., 2013).
Data Collection Tools: This section is encompasses over two major types like primary and
secondary sources. These sources are applied to gather information from different sources in
respect to drawing valid and reliable outcome (Allu and Sahni, 2016). Primary source are
effective in accumulation of data for the very first time, thus in this data is being gathered from
different sources like observation, survey, interview, questionnaire etc. On the other side
secondary tools are applied to gather theoretical information for providing support to the
investigation in detailed manner, thus in this information is gathered through books, journals,
published research articles and many others (Phillips, E. and et. al., 2012). In this present area of
work both primary as well as secondary sources are applied by the researcher thus these two are
effective in accumulation of reliable information on the employees retention and turnover to
attain higher growth and success (McHugh, 2017).
Data Sampling: Sampling is considered as an effective method which allows investigator to
infer data about a population based on results from a subset of the population, without having to
investigate every individual (Maxwell, 2012). Sampling can be categorised on the basis of two
aspects like probabilistic and non-probabilistic tools. In the present area of work data has been
accumulated from random sampling tool from the non-probabilistic method (Bakowicz, 2016).
In this selected research respondents are 30 who are the employee of the firm, thus they are more
reliable in providing proper and actual information regarding the operations of business.
Data Analysis: This is the most effective aspect of an investigation on which the overall findings
are based. However this section is effective in analysing the information which are accumulated
by the research in respect to drawing valid and reliable outcome (Ingersoll and May, 2012). It is
a process of inspecting, cleansing, transforming, and modelling information with the goal of
discovering useful information, informing conclusions, and supporting decision-making. In the
9

present area of work data has been analysed through conducting thematic analysis as in this
questionnaire is designed which cover aim and objectives of the chosen area of work and themes
are generated over the questions of questionnaire (Guest, 2011). This is the most suitable source
for analysing the investigation issue related to employee retention and turnover on the overall
operations of Wenzels the bakers (Creswell and Poth, 2017).
Validity and Reliability: The investigation into consideration is based on the significance of the
role of employee retention and turnover on the business performance of Wenzels the bakers.
This is a wide area of academic research which plays vital role in developing the idea and
knowledge base of learner and researcher towards the chosen area of work (Farrar, 2015). This
study is reliable because in this data has been accumulated from the authentic source thus in this
information is gathered from the views and opinion of selected respondents who are the part of
the firm (Schuurman and et. al., 2011). However in this data has been gathered through filling
the questionnaire from the respondents. Along with this, the chosen area of work is valid too as
information is gathered through working employees of the firm and researcher also taking views
from the published research articles and previews researcher of similar area of research project
(Odhiambo, 2018).
10
questionnaire is designed which cover aim and objectives of the chosen area of work and themes
are generated over the questions of questionnaire (Guest, 2011). This is the most suitable source
for analysing the investigation issue related to employee retention and turnover on the overall
operations of Wenzels the bakers (Creswell and Poth, 2017).
Validity and Reliability: The investigation into consideration is based on the significance of the
role of employee retention and turnover on the business performance of Wenzels the bakers.
This is a wide area of academic research which plays vital role in developing the idea and
knowledge base of learner and researcher towards the chosen area of work (Farrar, 2015). This
study is reliable because in this data has been accumulated from the authentic source thus in this
information is gathered from the views and opinion of selected respondents who are the part of
the firm (Schuurman and et. al., 2011). However in this data has been gathered through filling
the questionnaire from the respondents. Along with this, the chosen area of work is valid too as
information is gathered through working employees of the firm and researcher also taking views
from the published research articles and previews researcher of similar area of research project
(Odhiambo, 2018).
10

Data Analysis and Findings
Questionnaire
Q1) Are you aware about the concept of employee turnover and retention? Frequency
ï‚· Yes 28
ï‚· No 2
Q2) Do you think that employee retention and turnover has a huge impact on
the overall performance of an business?
Frequency
ï‚· Agree 26
ï‚· Disagree 4
Q3) What are the factors that affect retention initiatives and turnover in
Wenzels the bakers?
Frequency
ï‚· Work schedule flexibility 8
ï‚· Skill Recognition 7
ï‚· Training and development sessions 7
ï‚· Suitable workforces 8
Q4) What benefits are derived by Wenzels the Bakers through employee
retention and turnover?
Frequency
ï‚· Skilled labour forces 10
ï‚· Cost Saving 8
ï‚· Increase in customer service 6
ï‚· Maximisation in Profitability 6
Q5) What is the impact of employees retention or turnover on the overall
performance of Wenzels the Bakers?
Frequency
ï‚· Positive 25
ï‚· Negative 2
11
Questionnaire
Q1) Are you aware about the concept of employee turnover and retention? Frequency
ï‚· Yes 28
ï‚· No 2
Q2) Do you think that employee retention and turnover has a huge impact on
the overall performance of an business?
Frequency
ï‚· Agree 26
ï‚· Disagree 4
Q3) What are the factors that affect retention initiatives and turnover in
Wenzels the bakers?
Frequency
ï‚· Work schedule flexibility 8
ï‚· Skill Recognition 7
ï‚· Training and development sessions 7
ï‚· Suitable workforces 8
Q4) What benefits are derived by Wenzels the Bakers through employee
retention and turnover?
Frequency
ï‚· Skilled labour forces 10
ï‚· Cost Saving 8
ï‚· Increase in customer service 6
ï‚· Maximisation in Profitability 6
Q5) What is the impact of employees retention or turnover on the overall
performance of Wenzels the Bakers?
Frequency
ï‚· Positive 25
ï‚· Negative 2
11
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ï‚· Neutral 3
Q6) What measures are used by Wenzels the Bakers for retaining employees
for long run of business operations?
Frequency
ï‚· Monetary Benefits 22
ï‚· Non-monetary Benefits 8
Q7) What are the consequences that company may face due to dissatisfaction
among employees?
Frequency
ï‚· High Staff Turnover 15
ï‚· Less productivity 8
ï‚· Reduction in sales 7
Q8) What offshoot are arises due to high Staff turnover on the overall
performance of Wenzels the Bakers?
Frequency
ï‚· Increase in Cost of Company 14
ï‚· Less profitability 8
ï‚· Dissatisfaction of employees 8
Q9) What ways are requires to be considered by Wenzels the Bakers to reduce
staff turnover?
Frequency
ï‚· Training sessions 10
ï‚· Hiring or skilled people 7
ï‚· Flexible working schedule 7
ï‚· Competitive pay 6
Q10) Do you think that proper retention of employees help in reducing the
frequency of staff turnover of Wenzels the Bakers?
Frequency
ï‚· Yes 27
ï‚· No 3
12
Q6) What measures are used by Wenzels the Bakers for retaining employees
for long run of business operations?
Frequency
ï‚· Monetary Benefits 22
ï‚· Non-monetary Benefits 8
Q7) What are the consequences that company may face due to dissatisfaction
among employees?
Frequency
ï‚· High Staff Turnover 15
ï‚· Less productivity 8
ï‚· Reduction in sales 7
Q8) What offshoot are arises due to high Staff turnover on the overall
performance of Wenzels the Bakers?
Frequency
ï‚· Increase in Cost of Company 14
ï‚· Less profitability 8
ï‚· Dissatisfaction of employees 8
Q9) What ways are requires to be considered by Wenzels the Bakers to reduce
staff turnover?
Frequency
ï‚· Training sessions 10
ï‚· Hiring or skilled people 7
ï‚· Flexible working schedule 7
ï‚· Competitive pay 6
Q10) Do you think that proper retention of employees help in reducing the
frequency of staff turnover of Wenzels the Bakers?
Frequency
ï‚· Yes 27
ï‚· No 3
12

Q11) Provide recommendation to improve employee engagement within
Wenzels the Bakers to enhance the growth.
13
Wenzels the Bakers to enhance the growth.
13

Theme 1) People are aware about the concept of employee turnover and retention.
Q1) Are you aware about the concept of employee turnover and retention? Frequency
ï‚· Yes 28
ï‚· No 2
Interpretation:
From the overall analysis of the project it has been interpreted that 28 out of 30 people
are aware about the concept of employee retention and turnover, thus it is an essential aspect on
which it is requires to have knowledge about employee retention and turnover these are the two
major element which has significantly impacted over the operations and functions of businesses
is effective manner. Remaining 2 people are not aware about the same as they are not having
significant idea and knowledge regarding the concept of employee retention and turnover. AS
per their opinion it is really not much required for individual to have knowledge regarding the
same.
14
28
2
Yes
No
Q1) Are you aware about the concept of employee turnover and retention? Frequency
ï‚· Yes 28
ï‚· No 2
Interpretation:
From the overall analysis of the project it has been interpreted that 28 out of 30 people
are aware about the concept of employee retention and turnover, thus it is an essential aspect on
which it is requires to have knowledge about employee retention and turnover these are the two
major element which has significantly impacted over the operations and functions of businesses
is effective manner. Remaining 2 people are not aware about the same as they are not having
significant idea and knowledge regarding the concept of employee retention and turnover. AS
per their opinion it is really not much required for individual to have knowledge regarding the
same.
14
28
2
Yes
No
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Theme 2) People think that employee retention and turnover has a huge impact on the overall
performance of an business.
Q2) Do you think that employee retention and turnover has a huge impact on
the overall performance of an business?
Frequency
ï‚· Agree 26
ï‚· Disagree 4
Interpretation:
As per the brief analysis of the project it has been interpreted that 26 out of 30 people are
in favour with this statement that employee retention and turnover has a huge impact on the
overall performance of an business. Thus retention of employees is the key consideration of a
business and it has direct influence over reducing staff turnover and uncombined basis these
aspect cause benefits for the firm in attainment of higher growth and success. As per the views of
remaining 4 people employee retention and turnover does not have a huge impact on the overall
performance of an business, as they are not in favour with the same as per their opinion retention
is not much essential for the growth and development of business.
15
26
4
Agree
Disagree
performance of an business.
Q2) Do you think that employee retention and turnover has a huge impact on
the overall performance of an business?
Frequency
ï‚· Agree 26
ï‚· Disagree 4
Interpretation:
As per the brief analysis of the project it has been interpreted that 26 out of 30 people are
in favour with this statement that employee retention and turnover has a huge impact on the
overall performance of an business. Thus retention of employees is the key consideration of a
business and it has direct influence over reducing staff turnover and uncombined basis these
aspect cause benefits for the firm in attainment of higher growth and success. As per the views of
remaining 4 people employee retention and turnover does not have a huge impact on the overall
performance of an business, as they are not in favour with the same as per their opinion retention
is not much essential for the growth and development of business.
15
26
4
Agree
Disagree

Theme 3) Different factors that affect retention initiatives and turnover in Wenzels the bakers.
Q3) What are the factors that affect retention initiatives and turnover in
Wenzels the bakers?
Frequency
ï‚· Work schedule flexibility 8
ï‚· Skill Recognition 7
ï‚· Training and development sessions 7
ï‚· Suitable workforces 8
Interpretation:
According to the given description of the pie chart it has been determined that there are
multiple factors that affect retention initiatives and turnover in Wenzels the bakers. The company
operates in a small segment and puts significant efforts in growth of business but there are
numerous factors that affect the retention of business. 8 out of 30 people are in favour of work
schedule as per their opinion this is the key factor which influence the behaviour and punctuality
of people in effective manner. 7 people are in favour of skills recognition, thus this is also
required for the employer recognise the potentials skills in respect to retaining appropriate
strength. 7 people are in favour of training and development sessions as these are some how
quite expensive in nature so it is also required for the businesses to provide suitable training to its
16
8
7 7
8
Work schedule flexibility
Skill Recognition
Training and development
sessions
Suitable workforces
Q3) What are the factors that affect retention initiatives and turnover in
Wenzels the bakers?
Frequency
ï‚· Work schedule flexibility 8
ï‚· Skill Recognition 7
ï‚· Training and development sessions 7
ï‚· Suitable workforces 8
Interpretation:
According to the given description of the pie chart it has been determined that there are
multiple factors that affect retention initiatives and turnover in Wenzels the bakers. The company
operates in a small segment and puts significant efforts in growth of business but there are
numerous factors that affect the retention of business. 8 out of 30 people are in favour of work
schedule as per their opinion this is the key factor which influence the behaviour and punctuality
of people in effective manner. 7 people are in favour of skills recognition, thus this is also
required for the employer recognise the potentials skills in respect to retaining appropriate
strength. 7 people are in favour of training and development sessions as these are some how
quite expensive in nature so it is also required for the businesses to provide suitable training to its
16
8
7 7
8
Work schedule flexibility
Skill Recognition
Training and development
sessions
Suitable workforces

employees and remaining people are in favour of suitable workforce as per their opinion it is also
a major challenge which is significantly has a huge impact over the operation of business.
17
a major challenge which is significantly has a huge impact over the operation of business.
17
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Theme 4) Multiple benefits are derived by Wenzels the Bakers through employee retention and
turnover.
Q4) What benefits are derived by Wenzels the Bakers through employee
retention and turnover?
Frequency
ï‚· Skilled labour forces 10
ï‚· Cost Saving 8
ï‚· Increase in customer service 6
ï‚· Maximisation in Profitability 6
Interpretation:
The analysis of the project determines that Multiple benefits are derived by Wenzels the
Bakers through employee retention and turnover. 10 out of 30 people are in favour of skilled
labour forces as this is the major advantgage which is attained by the firm, 8 people are in favour
of cost saving, 6 people are in favour of increase in customer service and remaining people are in
favour of maximisation of profitability. These are the major benefits that are attained by
Wenzels the Bakers through retaining employees for long run of business operations.
18
10
8
6
6
Skilled labour forces
Cost Saving
Increase in customer service
Maximisation in Profitability
turnover.
Q4) What benefits are derived by Wenzels the Bakers through employee
retention and turnover?
Frequency
ï‚· Skilled labour forces 10
ï‚· Cost Saving 8
ï‚· Increase in customer service 6
ï‚· Maximisation in Profitability 6
Interpretation:
The analysis of the project determines that Multiple benefits are derived by Wenzels the
Bakers through employee retention and turnover. 10 out of 30 people are in favour of skilled
labour forces as this is the major advantgage which is attained by the firm, 8 people are in favour
of cost saving, 6 people are in favour of increase in customer service and remaining people are in
favour of maximisation of profitability. These are the major benefits that are attained by
Wenzels the Bakers through retaining employees for long run of business operations.
18
10
8
6
6
Skilled labour forces
Cost Saving
Increase in customer service
Maximisation in Profitability

Theme 5) As per the views of people there is a positive impact of employees retention or
turnover on the overall performance of Wenzels the Bakers.
Q5) What is the impact of employees retention or turnover on the overall
performance of Wenzels the Bakers?
Frequency
ï‚· Positive 25
ï‚· Negative 2
ï‚· Neutral 3
Interpretation:
According to the description of the survey report it has been analysed that As per the
views of people there is a positive impact of employees retention or turnover on the overall
performance of Wenzels the Bakers. Among the selected 30 respondents 25 respondents said
that employee retention and turnover has positive impact on the over all performance of
business. 2 people said that employee-retention and turnover has negative impact over the
operations of firm and remaining people are neutral regarding the same as they are not giving
any kind of opinion.
19
25
23
Positive
Negative
Neutral
turnover on the overall performance of Wenzels the Bakers.
Q5) What is the impact of employees retention or turnover on the overall
performance of Wenzels the Bakers?
Frequency
ï‚· Positive 25
ï‚· Negative 2
ï‚· Neutral 3
Interpretation:
According to the description of the survey report it has been analysed that As per the
views of people there is a positive impact of employees retention or turnover on the overall
performance of Wenzels the Bakers. Among the selected 30 respondents 25 respondents said
that employee retention and turnover has positive impact on the over all performance of
business. 2 people said that employee-retention and turnover has negative impact over the
operations of firm and remaining people are neutral regarding the same as they are not giving
any kind of opinion.
19
25
23
Positive
Negative
Neutral

Theme 6) Different measures are used by Wenzels the Bakers for retaining employees for long
run of business operations.
Q6) What measures are used by Wenzels the Bakers for retaining employees
for long run of business operations?
Frequency
ï‚· Monetary Benefits 22
ï‚· Non-monetary Benefits 8
Interpretation:
The detailed analysis of the project represents that there are different measures which are
used by Wenzels the Bakers for retaining employees for long run of business operations. 22 out
of 30 respondents are in favour of monetary benefits, thus in this organisation is provided
compensation, incentives, extra pay, overtime etc. to the employees and this is the major
attraction of the employees towards the firm. Remaining people are in favour with the non-
monetary benefits, thus in this flexible time schedule, higher position, effective job profile etc.
can be offered by the firm to their employees for the purpose of retaining them at longer basis.
20
22
8
Monetary Benefits
Non-monetary Benefits
run of business operations.
Q6) What measures are used by Wenzels the Bakers for retaining employees
for long run of business operations?
Frequency
ï‚· Monetary Benefits 22
ï‚· Non-monetary Benefits 8
Interpretation:
The detailed analysis of the project represents that there are different measures which are
used by Wenzels the Bakers for retaining employees for long run of business operations. 22 out
of 30 respondents are in favour of monetary benefits, thus in this organisation is provided
compensation, incentives, extra pay, overtime etc. to the employees and this is the major
attraction of the employees towards the firm. Remaining people are in favour with the non-
monetary benefits, thus in this flexible time schedule, higher position, effective job profile etc.
can be offered by the firm to their employees for the purpose of retaining them at longer basis.
20
22
8
Monetary Benefits
Non-monetary Benefits
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Theme 7) There are multiple consequences that company may face due to dissatisfaction among
employees.
Q7) What are the consequences that company may face due to dissatisfaction
among employees?
Frequency
ï‚· High Staff Turnover 15
ï‚· Less productivity 8
ï‚· Reduction in sales 7
Interpretation:
The Overall in-depth analysis of the project it has been evaluated that there are multiple
consequences that company may face due to dissatisfaction among employees. 15 out of 30
people are go with the aspect of high staff turnover thus this is the major issue which is faced by
an organisation due to high level of dissatisfaction of employees, thus this may also affect the
retention of employees. 8 people are in favour of less productivity, thus this is also a major factor
which has huge impact over the operation of firm. Remaining people are in favour of reduction
21
15
8
7
High Staff Turnover
Less productivity
Reduction in sales
employees.
Q7) What are the consequences that company may face due to dissatisfaction
among employees?
Frequency
ï‚· High Staff Turnover 15
ï‚· Less productivity 8
ï‚· Reduction in sales 7
Interpretation:
The Overall in-depth analysis of the project it has been evaluated that there are multiple
consequences that company may face due to dissatisfaction among employees. 15 out of 30
people are go with the aspect of high staff turnover thus this is the major issue which is faced by
an organisation due to high level of dissatisfaction of employees, thus this may also affect the
retention of employees. 8 people are in favour of less productivity, thus this is also a major factor
which has huge impact over the operation of firm. Remaining people are in favour of reduction
21
15
8
7
High Staff Turnover
Less productivity
Reduction in sales

in sales, thus higher dissatisfaction of employees demotivated them and this has impacted over
the performance of the employee at work place.
22
the performance of the employee at work place.
22

Theme 8) Various offshoot are arises due to high Staff turnover on the overall performance of
Wenzels the Bakers.
Q8) What offshoot are arises due to high Staff turnover on the overall
performance of Wenzels the Bakers?
Frequency
ï‚· Increase in Cost of Company 14
ï‚· Less profitability 8
ï‚· Dissatisfaction of employees 8
Interpretation:
The detailed expressed in the above mentioned chart represents that there are various
offshoot are arises due to high Staff turnover on the overall performance of Wenzels the Bakers.
The investigation is conducted among 30 respondents and among all of them 14 are in favour of
increase in cost of company thus it is the key offshoot which has arises due to the reason of high
staff turnover. 8 people are go with less profitability, thus higher staff turnover may reduced the
profit level of firm and remaining people are in favour of dissatisfaction of employees as this is
also a major aspect which arises through high staff turnover.
23
14
8
8
Increase in Cost of Company
Less profitability
Dissatisfaction of employees
Wenzels the Bakers.
Q8) What offshoot are arises due to high Staff turnover on the overall
performance of Wenzels the Bakers?
Frequency
ï‚· Increase in Cost of Company 14
ï‚· Less profitability 8
ï‚· Dissatisfaction of employees 8
Interpretation:
The detailed expressed in the above mentioned chart represents that there are various
offshoot are arises due to high Staff turnover on the overall performance of Wenzels the Bakers.
The investigation is conducted among 30 respondents and among all of them 14 are in favour of
increase in cost of company thus it is the key offshoot which has arises due to the reason of high
staff turnover. 8 people are go with less profitability, thus higher staff turnover may reduced the
profit level of firm and remaining people are in favour of dissatisfaction of employees as this is
also a major aspect which arises through high staff turnover.
23
14
8
8
Increase in Cost of Company
Less profitability
Dissatisfaction of employees
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Theme 9) There are different ways that are requires to be considered by Wenzels the Bakers to
reduce staff turnover.
Q9) What ways are requires to be considered by Wenzels the Bakers to reduce
staff turnover?
Frequency
ï‚· Training sessions 10
ï‚· Hiring or skilled people 7
ï‚· Flexible working schedule 7
ï‚· Competitive pay 6
Interpretation:
From the given description of the above mentioned pie chart it has been interpreted that
there are different ways that are requires to be considered by Wenzels the Bakers to reduce staff
turnover. 10 out of 30 people are in favour of training session thus it is the most essential aspect
which is requires to be considered by the firm in respect to reducing extra staff turnover. 7
people are go with the statement of hiring or skilled people, 7 people are in favour of flexible
24
10
7
7
6
Training sessions
Hiring or skilled people
Flexible working schedule
Competitive pay
reduce staff turnover.
Q9) What ways are requires to be considered by Wenzels the Bakers to reduce
staff turnover?
Frequency
ï‚· Training sessions 10
ï‚· Hiring or skilled people 7
ï‚· Flexible working schedule 7
ï‚· Competitive pay 6
Interpretation:
From the given description of the above mentioned pie chart it has been interpreted that
there are different ways that are requires to be considered by Wenzels the Bakers to reduce staff
turnover. 10 out of 30 people are in favour of training session thus it is the most essential aspect
which is requires to be considered by the firm in respect to reducing extra staff turnover. 7
people are go with the statement of hiring or skilled people, 7 people are in favour of flexible
24
10
7
7
6
Training sessions
Hiring or skilled people
Flexible working schedule
Competitive pay

working schedule and remaining people are go with competitive pay, as these all the major
aspect which helps the firm in reducing high staff turnover in proper manner.
25
aspect which helps the firm in reducing high staff turnover in proper manner.
25

Theme 10) People think that proper retention of employees help in reducing the frequency of
staff turnover of Wenzels the Bakers.
Q10) Do you think that proper retention of employees help in reducing the
frequency of staff turnover of Wenzels the Bakers?
Frequency
ï‚· Yes 27
ï‚· No 3
Interpretation:
The descriptive analysis of the project explains that 27 out of 30 people think that proper
retention of employees help in reducing the frequency of staff turnover of Wenzels the Bakers.
The key motive of a business is to retaining employees for long time in respect to attaining long
term benefits and success. Remaining people are not in favour with the same as per their opinion
proper retention of employees does not help in reducing the frequency of staff turnover of
Wenzels the Bakers.
26
27
3
Yes
No
staff turnover of Wenzels the Bakers.
Q10) Do you think that proper retention of employees help in reducing the
frequency of staff turnover of Wenzels the Bakers?
Frequency
ï‚· Yes 27
ï‚· No 3
Interpretation:
The descriptive analysis of the project explains that 27 out of 30 people think that proper
retention of employees help in reducing the frequency of staff turnover of Wenzels the Bakers.
The key motive of a business is to retaining employees for long time in respect to attaining long
term benefits and success. Remaining people are not in favour with the same as per their opinion
proper retention of employees does not help in reducing the frequency of staff turnover of
Wenzels the Bakers.
26
27
3
Yes
No
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Evaluation And Findings
Concept of employee retention and turnover
From the overall analysis of the project it has been discussed that employee retention and
turnover is considered as the key aspect of human resource management and plays vital role in
growth and development of business in effective manner. The key motive of business is to
retaining employees for long run of business operations thus experienced employees are more
effective and liable in developing the operations and functions of the firm in effective manner. In
this modern business environment most organisational employers are concern over find relevant
distinguishing the issue that impacted over employee’s morale and address this issue, there is
evidence that organisations always puts their efforts at constant basis for enhancing employees to
work with the same organisation for long term. This helps the firm in concerning on their long
term organisational aims and objectives. The main intention of a business behind this effort is to
cut down workforce turnover so that the company is able to obtain its targeted goals and
objective in the less period of time. The study also determines that employees turnover is also a
major concern of business thus organisations are also concern over reducing extra employee
turnover in respect to developing the operations of firm in effective manner.
The Various factors that affect retention initiatives and turnover in Wenzels
As per the detailed analysis of the project it has been evaluated that employee retentions
is considered as the key aspect of a business thus it plays vital role in growth and development of
business in effective manner. Wenzels is the leading organisation which deals in bakery items
and widely concern over satisfying the needs and wants of customers at market place. The key
consideration is based on retaining experienced employees within work place in respect to
attaining higher growth and success. Higher employee retention is also effective in reducing the
turnover of business, thus may have direct impact over the profitability and growth of business.
With the help of employee retention the profitability of the firm has enhanced through fulfilling
the desires of the customers at market place. Employee retention also create value for the firm in
reducing the cost of training, thus in this it is not required for the firm to provide training to their
employees as the workers are already experienced and known to the environment of business.
The Benefits of employee retention and turnover in Wenzels
From the overall analysis of the project it has been discussed that Employee retention
refers to that condition when a company do efforts to maintain a working environment which
27
Concept of employee retention and turnover
From the overall analysis of the project it has been discussed that employee retention and
turnover is considered as the key aspect of human resource management and plays vital role in
growth and development of business in effective manner. The key motive of business is to
retaining employees for long run of business operations thus experienced employees are more
effective and liable in developing the operations and functions of the firm in effective manner. In
this modern business environment most organisational employers are concern over find relevant
distinguishing the issue that impacted over employee’s morale and address this issue, there is
evidence that organisations always puts their efforts at constant basis for enhancing employees to
work with the same organisation for long term. This helps the firm in concerning on their long
term organisational aims and objectives. The main intention of a business behind this effort is to
cut down workforce turnover so that the company is able to obtain its targeted goals and
objective in the less period of time. The study also determines that employees turnover is also a
major concern of business thus organisations are also concern over reducing extra employee
turnover in respect to developing the operations of firm in effective manner.
The Various factors that affect retention initiatives and turnover in Wenzels
As per the detailed analysis of the project it has been evaluated that employee retentions
is considered as the key aspect of a business thus it plays vital role in growth and development of
business in effective manner. Wenzels is the leading organisation which deals in bakery items
and widely concern over satisfying the needs and wants of customers at market place. The key
consideration is based on retaining experienced employees within work place in respect to
attaining higher growth and success. Higher employee retention is also effective in reducing the
turnover of business, thus may have direct impact over the profitability and growth of business.
With the help of employee retention the profitability of the firm has enhanced through fulfilling
the desires of the customers at market place. Employee retention also create value for the firm in
reducing the cost of training, thus in this it is not required for the firm to provide training to their
employees as the workers are already experienced and known to the environment of business.
The Benefits of employee retention and turnover in Wenzels
From the overall analysis of the project it has been discussed that Employee retention
refers to that condition when a company do efforts to maintain a working environment which
27

encourage current employees to sustain in the company. In context of Wenzels, they are running
various employee retention policies to enhance their employees job satisfaction and reduce the
essential costs involved in hiring and training new staff. Moreover, employee turnover is defined
as the number of employees who leave an organisation and are replaced by new employees.
Every company wants that percentage of employee retention is always higher in their
organisation as it leads them to a growing position in the market. Wenzels can get various
benefits by sustain their employees in organisation for a long time period.
The higher level of employee retention and turnover can provide various benefits to the
company and help them to achieve a great success. In Wenzles, if their employees sustain in the
company for longer period of time then they can get various benefits like cost benefits which
incurred due to the relieving of employees from the company. If the employees are sustain in the
Wanzles, they can save their training cost and hiring cost. They can also take advantage of
experienced employees because they know how to achieve targets with best utilization of the
sources. Other, benefits employees retention are culture of organisation, it reflects the culture
when employees retain in the company for a long time, benefits of loyal employees, quality at
work, and many others.
In the case of wanzels, employee turnover is considered beneficial for the company
because it can help the company for upgrade their staff with new ideas, fresh perspectives, and
lower salaries. These are some benefits which Wenzels can get by increasing their employee
retention and turnover percentage in the company.
The Impact of employees retention or turnover on the overall performance of Wenzels the
Bakers
As per the discussion on employee retention and turnover is proving that the purpose of
this dissertation is to analyse why the employee retention and turnover is very important in the
bakers. There are various factors in the bakers which affects the employee retention which
includes absence of a clear career path, financial insecurity, lack of satisfaction, and many others.
Bakers work is so creative which needs new talents so it need more employees with new ideas
but due to the labour exhausting job and creative work most of the people leave the job early and
look for better opportunities.
If Wenzels want from employees that they sustain in the company they should
examine why the employees are reliving the job and what is the interesting part of the job which
28
various employee retention policies to enhance their employees job satisfaction and reduce the
essential costs involved in hiring and training new staff. Moreover, employee turnover is defined
as the number of employees who leave an organisation and are replaced by new employees.
Every company wants that percentage of employee retention is always higher in their
organisation as it leads them to a growing position in the market. Wenzels can get various
benefits by sustain their employees in organisation for a long time period.
The higher level of employee retention and turnover can provide various benefits to the
company and help them to achieve a great success. In Wenzles, if their employees sustain in the
company for longer period of time then they can get various benefits like cost benefits which
incurred due to the relieving of employees from the company. If the employees are sustain in the
Wanzles, they can save their training cost and hiring cost. They can also take advantage of
experienced employees because they know how to achieve targets with best utilization of the
sources. Other, benefits employees retention are culture of organisation, it reflects the culture
when employees retain in the company for a long time, benefits of loyal employees, quality at
work, and many others.
In the case of wanzels, employee turnover is considered beneficial for the company
because it can help the company for upgrade their staff with new ideas, fresh perspectives, and
lower salaries. These are some benefits which Wenzels can get by increasing their employee
retention and turnover percentage in the company.
The Impact of employees retention or turnover on the overall performance of Wenzels the
Bakers
As per the discussion on employee retention and turnover is proving that the purpose of
this dissertation is to analyse why the employee retention and turnover is very important in the
bakers. There are various factors in the bakers which affects the employee retention which
includes absence of a clear career path, financial insecurity, lack of satisfaction, and many others.
Bakers work is so creative which needs new talents so it need more employees with new ideas
but due to the labour exhausting job and creative work most of the people leave the job early and
look for better opportunities.
If Wenzels want from employees that they sustain in the company they should
examine why the employees are reliving the job and what is the interesting part of the job which
28

support them to stay with the organisation. People are attracted by bakers industries due to
various reasons like creative work, friendly environment, higher salary, and many other. If they
want to overcome this situation, wenzles bakers should provide them various encouragements
like higher salary, great ambience, promotion chances and many other. On the other hand, to
sustain an inventive and cost effective business, the wenzels bakers must concentrate on
retaining their staff and also reducing turnover rate. The high rate of turnover leads to increasing
the overall production cost and furthermore, new employees always have an issue with the
acknowledgement from the regular guests.
Whereas on the other hand attracting, retaining, and engaging the employees
produce quality results for the industry which leads to good customer satisfaction. By employees
retaining wenzles can inspire to the productive and talented employees of the organisation to stay
whereas. However, if an organisation would success to keep all the employees, those who are
beneficial for the company then the company does not want to spend on hiring and training new
employees.
29
various reasons like creative work, friendly environment, higher salary, and many other. If they
want to overcome this situation, wenzles bakers should provide them various encouragements
like higher salary, great ambience, promotion chances and many other. On the other hand, to
sustain an inventive and cost effective business, the wenzels bakers must concentrate on
retaining their staff and also reducing turnover rate. The high rate of turnover leads to increasing
the overall production cost and furthermore, new employees always have an issue with the
acknowledgement from the regular guests.
Whereas on the other hand attracting, retaining, and engaging the employees
produce quality results for the industry which leads to good customer satisfaction. By employees
retaining wenzles can inspire to the productive and talented employees of the organisation to stay
whereas. However, if an organisation would success to keep all the employees, those who are
beneficial for the company then the company does not want to spend on hiring and training new
employees.
29
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REFERENCES
Books and Journals
Acord, R., 2018. The Impact of a School Improvement Grant on Student Achievement in a Rural
Mississippi Elementary School. Delta State University.
Al-Emadi, A. A .Q., Schwabenland, C. and Wei, Q., 2015. The vital role of employee retention
in human resource management: A literature review. IUP Journal of Organizational
Behavior. 14(3). p.7.
Allen, D. G. and Shanock, L. R., 2013. Perceived organizational support and embeddedness as
key mechanisms connecting socialization tactics to commitment and turnover among
new employees. Journal of Organizational Behavior. 34(3). pp.350-369.
Allui, A. and Sahni, J., 2016. Strategic human resource management in higher education
institutions: empirical evidence from Saudi. Procedia-Social and Behavioral Sciences.
235. pp.361-371.
Alniaçik, E. and et. al., 2013. Does person-organization fit moderate the effects of affective
commitment and job satisfaction on turnover intentions?. Procedia-Social and
Behavioral Sciences. 99. pp.274-281.
Bakowicz, M. M., 2016. Enhancing Pga Golf Management Internships-A Social Perspective.
Balance, W. L., 2013. Work Life Balance. Work. 1(1.5). pp.2-0.
Baylis, A. and Perks-Baker, S., 2017. Enhanced health in care homes. King's Fund.
Bergold, J. and Thomas, S., 2012. Participatory research methods: A methodological approach in
motion. Historical Social Research/Historische Sozialforschung, pp.191-222.
Brock, J. M., 2011. The relationship between co-active coaching techniques and client resistance
in mandatory contexts at a Christian healthcare organization (Doctoral dissertation,
Capella University).
Cardy, R. L. and Lengnick-Hall, M. L., 2011. Will they stay or will they go? Exploring a
customer-oriented approach to employee retention. Journal of Business and Psychology.
26(2). pp.213-217.
Chan, A. N. W., 2015. Social support for improved work integration: Perspectives from
Canadian social purpose enterprises. Social Enterprise Journal. 11(1). pp.47-68.
Chen, H.C. and et. al., 2016. The meaningfulness of managerial work: case of Taiwanese
employees. Chinese Management Studies. 10(1). pp.138-154.
Cleary, M., Horsfall, J. and Hayter, M., 2014. Data collection and sampling in qualitative
research: does size matter?. Journal of advanced nursing. 70(3). pp.473-475.
Creswell, J. W. and Poth, C. N., 2017. Qualitative inquiry and research design: Choosing among
five approaches. Sage publications.
Danbold, F. and Huo, Y. J., 2017. Men's defense of their prototypicality undermines the success
of women in STEM initiatives. Journal of Experimental Social Psychology. 72. pp.57-
66.
Dulmus, C. N. and Sowers, K. M. eds., 2014. Adult development and well-being: The impact of
institutional environments. Routledge.
Farrar, J., 2015. An empirical analysis of taxpayers fairness preferences from Canadas Taxpayer
Bill of rights. Journal of Accounting and Taxation. 7(5). pp.71-79.
Frecknall-Hughes, J., James, S. and McIlwhan, R., 2014. The tax implications of Scottish
devolution or further devolution. Institute of Chartered Accountants in Scotland.
30
Books and Journals
Acord, R., 2018. The Impact of a School Improvement Grant on Student Achievement in a Rural
Mississippi Elementary School. Delta State University.
Al-Emadi, A. A .Q., Schwabenland, C. and Wei, Q., 2015. The vital role of employee retention
in human resource management: A literature review. IUP Journal of Organizational
Behavior. 14(3). p.7.
Allen, D. G. and Shanock, L. R., 2013. Perceived organizational support and embeddedness as
key mechanisms connecting socialization tactics to commitment and turnover among
new employees. Journal of Organizational Behavior. 34(3). pp.350-369.
Allui, A. and Sahni, J., 2016. Strategic human resource management in higher education
institutions: empirical evidence from Saudi. Procedia-Social and Behavioral Sciences.
235. pp.361-371.
Alniaçik, E. and et. al., 2013. Does person-organization fit moderate the effects of affective
commitment and job satisfaction on turnover intentions?. Procedia-Social and
Behavioral Sciences. 99. pp.274-281.
Bakowicz, M. M., 2016. Enhancing Pga Golf Management Internships-A Social Perspective.
Balance, W. L., 2013. Work Life Balance. Work. 1(1.5). pp.2-0.
Baylis, A. and Perks-Baker, S., 2017. Enhanced health in care homes. King's Fund.
Bergold, J. and Thomas, S., 2012. Participatory research methods: A methodological approach in
motion. Historical Social Research/Historische Sozialforschung, pp.191-222.
Brock, J. M., 2011. The relationship between co-active coaching techniques and client resistance
in mandatory contexts at a Christian healthcare organization (Doctoral dissertation,
Capella University).
Cardy, R. L. and Lengnick-Hall, M. L., 2011. Will they stay or will they go? Exploring a
customer-oriented approach to employee retention. Journal of Business and Psychology.
26(2). pp.213-217.
Chan, A. N. W., 2015. Social support for improved work integration: Perspectives from
Canadian social purpose enterprises. Social Enterprise Journal. 11(1). pp.47-68.
Chen, H.C. and et. al., 2016. The meaningfulness of managerial work: case of Taiwanese
employees. Chinese Management Studies. 10(1). pp.138-154.
Cleary, M., Horsfall, J. and Hayter, M., 2014. Data collection and sampling in qualitative
research: does size matter?. Journal of advanced nursing. 70(3). pp.473-475.
Creswell, J. W. and Poth, C. N., 2017. Qualitative inquiry and research design: Choosing among
five approaches. Sage publications.
Danbold, F. and Huo, Y. J., 2017. Men's defense of their prototypicality undermines the success
of women in STEM initiatives. Journal of Experimental Social Psychology. 72. pp.57-
66.
Dulmus, C. N. and Sowers, K. M. eds., 2014. Adult development and well-being: The impact of
institutional environments. Routledge.
Farrar, J., 2015. An empirical analysis of taxpayers fairness preferences from Canadas Taxpayer
Bill of rights. Journal of Accounting and Taxation. 7(5). pp.71-79.
Frecknall-Hughes, J., James, S. and McIlwhan, R., 2014. The tax implications of Scottish
devolution or further devolution. Institute of Chartered Accountants in Scotland.
30

Geddes, E. R., 2014. Shaping and sustaining a community in covenant: Retention of Salvation
Army officers in the USA Eastern Territory. Nyack College, Alliance Theological
Seminary.
Gialuisi, O. and Coetzer, A., 2013. An exploratory investigation into voluntary employee
turnover and retention in small businesses. Small Enterprise Research. 20(1). pp.55-68.
Gretzinger, S. and et. al., 2014, October. Managing human resource based intellectual capital in a
global setting: The impact of cultural practices on the effectiveness of retention
incentives. In 11th International Conference on Intellectual Capital, Knowledge
Management and Organisational Learning (ICICKM), University of Sydney Business
School Sydney (pp. 194-203).
Guest, D. E., 2011. Human resource management and performance: still searching for some
answers. Human resource management journal. 21(1). pp.3-13.
Hansen, M., 2012. Birds of a feather flock together race versus gender preference in the South
African workplace(Doctoral dissertation, University of Cape Town).
Hassan, W. and et. al., 2013. The effect of training on employee retention. Global Journal of
Management and Business Research.
Hildebrandt, L., 2012. Providing Grief Resolution as an Oncology Nurse Retention Strategy.
Clinical journal of oncology nursing. 16(6).
Ingersoll, R. M. and May, H., 2012. The magnitude, destinations, and determinants of
mathematics and science teacher turnover. Educational Evaluation and Policy Analysis.
34(4). pp.435-464.
Ingersoll, R. M. and May, H., 2012. The magnitude, destinations, and determinants of
mathematics and science teacher turnover. Educational Evaluation and Policy Analysis.
34(4). pp.435-464.
Jiang, K., and et. al., 2012. When and how is job embeddedness predictive of turnover? A meta-
analytic investigation. Journal of Applied Psychology. 97(5). p.1077.
Kalemci Tuzun, I. and Arzu Kalemci, R., 2012. Organizational and supervisory support in
relation to employee turnover intentions. Journal of Managerial Psychology. 27(5).
pp.518-534.
Kaplan, S., LaPort, K. and Waller, M. J., 2013. The role of positive affectivity in team
effectiveness during crises. Journal of Organizational Behavior. 34(4). pp.473-491.
Karatepe, O. M., 2012. The effects of coworker and perceived organizational support on hotel
employee outcomes: The moderating role of job embeddedness. Journal of Hospitality
& Tourism Research. 36(4). pp.495-516.
Kim, N., 2014. Employee turnover intention among newcomers in travel industry. International
Journal of Tourism Research. 16(1). pp.56-64.
Larkin, J. E., Brasel, A. M. and Pines, H. A., 2013. Cross-disciplinary applications of I/O
psychology concepts: Predicting student retention and employee turnover. Review of
General Psychology. 17(1). pp.82-92.
Masibigiri, V. and Nienaber, H., 2011. Factors affecting the retention of Generation X public
servants: An exploratory study. SA Journal of Human Resource Management. 9(1).
pp.1-11.
Maxwell, J. A., 2012. Qualitative research design: An interactive approach (Vol. 41). Sage
publications.
31
Army officers in the USA Eastern Territory. Nyack College, Alliance Theological
Seminary.
Gialuisi, O. and Coetzer, A., 2013. An exploratory investigation into voluntary employee
turnover and retention in small businesses. Small Enterprise Research. 20(1). pp.55-68.
Gretzinger, S. and et. al., 2014, October. Managing human resource based intellectual capital in a
global setting: The impact of cultural practices on the effectiveness of retention
incentives. In 11th International Conference on Intellectual Capital, Knowledge
Management and Organisational Learning (ICICKM), University of Sydney Business
School Sydney (pp. 194-203).
Guest, D. E., 2011. Human resource management and performance: still searching for some
answers. Human resource management journal. 21(1). pp.3-13.
Hansen, M., 2012. Birds of a feather flock together race versus gender preference in the South
African workplace(Doctoral dissertation, University of Cape Town).
Hassan, W. and et. al., 2013. The effect of training on employee retention. Global Journal of
Management and Business Research.
Hildebrandt, L., 2012. Providing Grief Resolution as an Oncology Nurse Retention Strategy.
Clinical journal of oncology nursing. 16(6).
Ingersoll, R. M. and May, H., 2012. The magnitude, destinations, and determinants of
mathematics and science teacher turnover. Educational Evaluation and Policy Analysis.
34(4). pp.435-464.
Ingersoll, R. M. and May, H., 2012. The magnitude, destinations, and determinants of
mathematics and science teacher turnover. Educational Evaluation and Policy Analysis.
34(4). pp.435-464.
Jiang, K., and et. al., 2012. When and how is job embeddedness predictive of turnover? A meta-
analytic investigation. Journal of Applied Psychology. 97(5). p.1077.
Kalemci Tuzun, I. and Arzu Kalemci, R., 2012. Organizational and supervisory support in
relation to employee turnover intentions. Journal of Managerial Psychology. 27(5).
pp.518-534.
Kaplan, S., LaPort, K. and Waller, M. J., 2013. The role of positive affectivity in team
effectiveness during crises. Journal of Organizational Behavior. 34(4). pp.473-491.
Karatepe, O. M., 2012. The effects of coworker and perceived organizational support on hotel
employee outcomes: The moderating role of job embeddedness. Journal of Hospitality
& Tourism Research. 36(4). pp.495-516.
Kim, N., 2014. Employee turnover intention among newcomers in travel industry. International
Journal of Tourism Research. 16(1). pp.56-64.
Larkin, J. E., Brasel, A. M. and Pines, H. A., 2013. Cross-disciplinary applications of I/O
psychology concepts: Predicting student retention and employee turnover. Review of
General Psychology. 17(1). pp.82-92.
Masibigiri, V. and Nienaber, H., 2011. Factors affecting the retention of Generation X public
servants: An exploratory study. SA Journal of Human Resource Management. 9(1).
pp.1-11.
Maxwell, J. A., 2012. Qualitative research design: An interactive approach (Vol. 41). Sage
publications.
31
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