Analyzing Employee Satisfaction at Marks & Spencer During COVID-19

This research report examines employee satisfaction at Marks & Spencer during the COVID-19 pandemic. It begins with an introduction to the topic, highlighting the importance of employee satisfaction in maintaining business objectives during times of crisis. The report outlines the research ...Read More

Unit 11 Research Project
Business

Executive Summary
The pandemic of covid-19 has affected the business organizations in a negative manner. the
people have lost their jobs as there was cut down in the rates of employment. Due to this, it is
essential that it is essential for the businesses to retain the employees who are with the companies
so that they can work to achieve the business objectives. the employee satisfaction plays an
essential role in the pandemic situation. For doing so, a research is being undertaken which
involves data collection through primary and secondary research. For secondary research,
literature review is being used while for conducting primary research, questionnaire will be used
which will help achieving the research objectives.

Contents
Executive Summary.........................................................................................................................2
Research Topic: Employee satisfaction at workplace under pandemic situation............................1
INTRODUCTION...........................................................................................................................1
Research Aim...............................................................................................................................1
Research Objectives.....................................................................................................................1
Research Rationale......................................................................................................................2
Research Questions......................................................................................................................2
Literature Review ...........................................................................................................................2
To understand the concept of employee satisfaction...................................................................3
To analyse the various ways applied by Marks & Spencer for employee satisfaction during
COVID-19...................................................................................................................................3
To determine the different benefits obtain by Marks & Spencer by satisfying their staff..........3
Methodology and Data Collection ..................................................................................................4
Data analysis and interpretations ....................................................................................................9
Research Outcomes.......................................................................................................................12
Conclusion and Recommendations ...............................................................................................12
CONCLUSION..........................................................................................................................12
RECCOMMENDATION..........................................................................................................13
Reflection & Recommendation of alternative research methodology500.....................................13
REFERENCES..............................................................................................................................14

Research Topic: Employee satisfaction at workplace under pandemic
situation.
INTRODUCTION
The COVID-19 pandemic has had huge as well as swift impacts upon the workplace. Moreover,
the global lockdown and travel bans have turn over anticipations related to work nature and
interaction of corporate. Additionally, individuals have identified that they do not have to be
into offices, that they may get much of the aspects done remotely. Employee satisfaction is
regarded as the happiness level or contentment a staff feels for their jobs In addition to this, it is a
vital aspects of any firms or businesses. When staff feels happy as well as satisfied with work
and management of culture, they put its effective potential for developing the entity successful.
A satisfied workers is one of the affirmative into its approach. They are proactive, committed
and productive for contribution towards organisational objectives. Along with this, the prioritise
staff satisfaction would enhance their bottom line profitability, develops low staff turnover as
well as improve whole business productivity & performance. In order to accomplish this
research, the chosen company is Marks & Spencer. It was established in year 1884 and also one
of the well known retail brand that have headquarters is in London, England, UK. They mainly
deals in selling clothes, home & food products. The topics which are going to be discussed in
this report are aim, objectives, rational and questions of study. Moreover, literature reviews,
methodology & data collection, data analysis & interpretation. Apart from this, conclusion,
recommendations, reflectional and alternative research methodology are also provided in this
research.
Research Aim
“To analyse the employee satisfaction at workplace under pandemic situation. A case study
on Marks & Spencer”.
Research Objectives
 To understand the concept of employee satisfaction.
 To analyse the various ways applied by Marks & Spencer for employee satisfaction
during COVID-19.
 To determine the different benefits obtain by Marks & Spencer by satisfying their staff
1

Research Rationale
There are various cause to chose this particular topic as well as one of the key research is
personal interests of investigator. Moreover, investigator is interested to improve the
understanding upon employee satisfaction under pandemic situations as this assists them to
motivate their staff in future. In addition to this, the study is developing a affirmative
conceptions into researcher minds as acknowledgement associated to employee satisfaction. For
performing the study effectively, there are several skills that are required so through performing
particular investigation, investigator would gain aids to maximise different competencies like
communication skills, decision making skills and so on. All these competencies may be utilised
through investigator into upcoming studies as well. Also, the investigation would be
implemented into organisation so it would be advantageous for scholar to increase its
understandings in regards employee satisfaction.
Research Questions
 What is the concept of employee satisfaction?
 What are the various ways applied by Marks & Spencer for employee satisfaction during
COVID-19?
 What are the different benefits obtain by Marks & Spencer by satisfying their staff?
Literature Review
Literature review is described as the academic writing piece that represents an effectual
acknowledgement upon particular research topic. Additionally, this is published information
upon particular aspects that aids investigator for gaining depth understandings about topic. This
is essentially the secondary information that is gathered by various sources such as articles,
journals, books, online sites and others. The key objective of literature review is to analyse the
employee satisfaction at workplace under pandemic situation. For instance, some aspects are
highlighted such as employee satisfaction concepts, various ways applied by Marks & Spencer
for employee satisfaction during COVID-19 and the different benefits obtain by Marks &
Spencer by satisfying their staff.
2

To understand the concept of employee satisfaction.
Employee satisfaction is regarded as the happiness level or contentment a staff feels for their
jobs In addition to this, it is a vital aspects of any firms or businesses. When staff feels happy as
well as satisfied with work and management of culture, they put its effective potential for
developing the entity successful. A satisfied workers is one of the affirmative into its approach.
They are proactive, committed and productive for contribution towards organisational objectives.
Along with this, the prioritise staff satisfaction would enhance their bottom line profitability,
develops low staff turnover as well as improve whole business productivity & performance.
To analyse the various ways applied by Marks & Spencer for employee satisfaction during
COVID-19.
The COVID-19 pandemic has had huge as well as swift impacts upon the workplace. Moreover,
the global lockdown and travel bans have turn over anticipations related to work nature and
interaction of corporate. So, this is very essential for Marks & Spencer to keep their employees
satisfied. Some of the ways are:
Providing appreciation and recognition: In the terms of organisation this is essential that to
appreciate employees for their good deeds so that they can work with higher motivation and
skills in order to attain organisational objectives. Recognition and appreciation is fundamental
requirement of employees in which team members may execute their workings in appropriate
manner. So with the help of emphasising on employees recognition and appreciation employees
can be satisfied and work with greater efficiency
To determine the different benefits obtain by Marks & Spencer by satisfying their staff
The different benefits obtain by Marks & Spencer by satisfying their staff during pandemic
situation are discussed below:
Higher productivity: Based on the Villanova University research represents that, staff who report
higher job satisfaction tends to attain higher productivity.” This form sense that satisfied staff
would feel much invested into organisational success and so perform harder to aids in attaining it
during COVID-19.
Better consumer service: Satisfied staff are happier individuals in general, that states that they
are much opt towards providing cheerful services to their clients during pandemic time also. In
addition to this, they readily highlights that their firm with pride, driving towards gratified
customers
3

Methodology and Data Collection
Respective section is a crucial part of each study task that renders essential data related to the
chosen and preferences of research methods from set of several approach of study for performing
research into much reliable and effective way. With regards of present study, Saunders research
oinions which have been utilised for assuring the appropriate adoption of and preferences f study
with effective justification for its utilise.
Figure 1: Research Onion, 2020.
Research Philosophy:
Research theory is characterized as an accept about how information related to the peculiarity is
expected to be assembled, assessed and utilized. The fundamental motivation behind research
philosophy is to manage the sources, nature and advancement of information. In straightforward
terms it has been underlined that exploration reasoning give an accept about the manner by
which information about the peculiarity is expected to be gathered, dissected and utilized. In
research procedure research theory assumes significant part as it successfully helps in acquiring
comprehension of basic conclusions, reasons and inspiration. Notwithstanding this it likewise
helps in giving understanding into the issue and further aides in creating theory or thoughts for
possible quantitative exploration. There are fundamentally various sorts of examination
reasoning which is Positivism, interpretivism, Pragmatism and Realism. With the assistance of
these analyst can actually accomplish and achieve wanted research goals. For this of positivism
research philosophy is chosen. The principle purpose for exploiting this strategy is that it a
course of setting theory and permit analyst to lead profound examination to quantify the
4

outcome. Notwithstanding this examination theory will essentially assist analyst with leading
exploration in a reasonable and suitable way and backing more logical and down to effective
method for satisfying goals of examination.
Research Approach:
Research approach is principally an arrangement and a strategy which is comprehensive of steps
of expansive supposition to detail techniques for information examination, assortment and
interpretation. This part of exploration philosophy assumes significant part as it assists specialist
with forming the way that can additionally be used to lead the report. Furthermore it has been
underlined that this perspectives helps in the inquiry of writing improvement of exploration
questions and production of the most appropriate review design. There are fundamentally two
sorts of examination approaches which are inductive and logical that assists examiner with
directing exploration as indicated by the chose topics. In request to satisfy targets of present
exploration analyst will embrace utilization of insightful exploration approach. The principle
purpose for exploiting this technique is that it helps in making sense of easygoing connection
among ideas and factors and furthermore assists with estimating ideas quantitatively.
Research Strategy:
Research staartegy is mostly characterized as a bit by bit of activity which appropriately
give specialist a bearing to attempt endeavors and contemplations and further empower them to
direct research in a precise way and on time to offer quality results. The fundamental benefit of
examination system in research procedure is that it assists agent with picking the right
information assortment and further dissect them in viable manner. It additionally helps rearcher
to pick the right methodology while leading the research. There are various kinds of exploration
methodology which is comprehensive of activity research, review, perception tests and more.In
request to direct present examination examiner will embrace benefit of survey. The principle
purpose for exploiting this strategy is that it assists examiner with having higher reaction rate and
permit them to have explanation and it is more affordable or tedious.
Research Method Choice:
Research strategies are mostly characterized as the procedures cycles or procedures that
specialist use to gather information or any proof for examination to lead research in successful
way and further convey better comprehension of the topic.This part of exploration philosophy
assumes significant part as it gives agent to have fitting data and information to direct research in
5

powerful way. Quantitative and subjective are two unique types of examination technique which
assist examiner with directing inside and out examination of research.In request to lead present
examination quantitative examination strategy is applied .The explanation for exploiting this
technique is that it will assist analyst with directing information assortment in fast way and
furthermore helps in assessing search findings.In expansion to this is research strategy decision
will likewise assist scientists with eliminating inclinations from examination and make the
discoveries more precise and furthermore permit examiners to acquire enormous example sizes.
With the assistance of exploiting this technique specialist will lead assortment of information in
viable way and will introduce data and realities in more deliberate way with the assistance of
outlines and tables.
Research Time Horizon:
To achieve research targets and points in time successful way time skyline plays significant
role.This is essentially characterized as a length which is expected by agent to satisfy by and
large examination in occasion characterized and viable manner.Furthermore it has been
underlined that this is one of the main parts of exploration procedure which assumes significant
part in research, as it fundamentally helps scientists to have exact information to satisfy research
in compelling way (Babii,2020).With the assistance of this analyst can save their time and can
put resources into significant exercises to satisfy research in powerful manner.It has been
underlined that there are fundamentally two types of time skyline which longitudinal as well as
cross-sectional time skyline. Withhelp of taking fitting time skyline as per be research specialist
can satisfy research in a proper time.In request to direct present exploration scientist under
exploit cross-sectional time horizon.The principle point behind exploiting this strategy is that it
will assist examiners with achieving generally speaking examination objectives in successful
manner.Furthermore it has been underlined that this time skyline technique will likewise assist
agents with gathering information at a solitary moment and gather data from a bigger pool of
subjects and look at contrasts. Likewise, it has been underlined that with the assistance of
exploiting this strategy examiner point towards to achieve generally research goals and exercises
like assortment of data and information in suitable time.
Research Techniques and Procedures:
Research methods and systems are methodologies which assist specialists with using
them to gather information or data for investigation to properly uncovered new data or make
6

better type of comprehension of the chose point (Mukherjee,2019).Interview, perception,
contextual analysis, agenda, review, poll are various kinds of examination procedures.
Notwithstanding this examination technique assumes significant part in research philosophy at is
fundamentally offer specialist to have deliberate and logical and methodical work plan.In request
to finish the exploration there are various sorts of exploration strategy which is quantitative,
subjective and blended strategy to altogether satisfy generally points and goals of present
exploration agent attempt utilization of overview in which with the assistance of survey
perspective of different respondents can be dissected in a clear cut and compelling way. This
assist specialist with satisfying exploration in powerful manner. While in wording with research
strategy agent attempt utilization of quantitative technique to achieve generally speaking targets
of examination.
Information Collection and Data Analysis Methods:
In research approach information assortment and examination assumes significant part as
these are characterized as apparatuses which is comprehensive of series of graph, maps,diagrams
which is intended to gather decipher and introduce data and information that has been
collected.It has been underlined that there are primarily to sources from where information can
be aggregated by researchers.These are comprehensive of essential as well as auxiliary
wellspring of information assortment method.Both of these techniques assumes significant
unviable part satisfy research goals (Nayak and Singh, 2021).In request to direct present
exploration agent undertaking utilization of both the type of information assortment strategy in
which in setting with essential exploration technique examiner gathered direct and true
arrangement of information as study with the assistance of poll and further gathered data from
chose participants.While then again in setting with optional type of information assortment
technique, in this specialist gathered fitting information and data with the assistance of assessing
past discoveries, perspective of writers, books, officers with the assistance of writing review. In
expansion to this, investigation of essential information attempted by examiner with the
assistance of deciphering them by taking utilization of recurrence table and pie chart. While then
again examination of information is being led with the assistance of writing survey in a
methodical way.
Sampling:
7

This is principally characterized as an essential interaction which help specialist to
attempt to achieved research targets and obvious and compelling manner. In request to lead
present examination research with the assistance of choosing test size from enormous number of
populace with the assistance of arbitrary inspecting technique participate during the time spent
gathering data and data. In this with the assistance of exploiting choosing 30 respondence
scientists will direct research goals in a powerful way. Notwithstanding this the essential point
behind choosing respondents as workers of organization is that they are having exceptional
information on the chose theme. Notwithstanding this it has been recognized that with the
assistance of making the most of this type of strategy agent can lead research in an unprejudiced
way, as it helps in giving equivalent opportunities to the all members.
Ethical Considerations
For performing the study effectively, ethics plays essential role. Moreover, this has been
represented that there are various ethical problems which may be faced by investigator to
perform the progress of study is crucially inclusive f appropriate maintaining of authenticity and
privacy of accumulated information. Within it, to effectively overcome as well as obviate those
kinds of ethical problems investigators would consider the utilisation of BERA code of ethics.
They key reason besides undertaking benefits of it to effectually maintain current study
authencity. In addition to this, investigator would compy along with Data protection act for
essentially maintain the information privacy.
According to the above mentioned research methodology analysis it has been identified
that this is one of the most important aspect of research which help investigators to undertake use
of research with the help of appropriate tools techniques and methods. In order to conduct
present research investigator with the help of positivism research philosophy, deductive research
approach, survey strategy, questionnaire quantitative research method, taking advantage of cross
sectional time horizon and taking use of appropriate research techniques is aiming towards to
fulfill overall research objectives in a well defined and effective manner. In addition to this to
analyse research, research will undertake use of collection of primary and secondary source of
8

data collection methods and will further analyse them with the help of frequency table and pie
chart, along with literature review. With the help of taking advantage of all these techniques and
tools in research methodology investigator is aiming towards to fulfill overall research objectives
while assuring positive outcomes.
Data analysis and interpretations
Q1. Do have any idea about the concept of employee satisfaction?
Yes
NO
Q2. What are the various ways applied by Marks & Spencer for employee satisfaction during
COVID-19?
Appropriate rewards and incentives
Providing appreciation and recognition
Q3. What are the different benefits obtain by Marks & Spencer by satisfying their staff?
Higher productivity
Better consumer service
Q4. Is employee satisfaction is beneficial for Marks & Spencer’s business performance and
productivity?
True
False
Q5. Does the employee satisfaction during covid-19 have positive impacts upon the
organisation work productivity?
Yes
No
Q6. Any suggestion
Q1. Do have any idea about the concept of employee satisfaction? Frequency
Yes 27
NO 3
Q2. What are the various ways applied by Marks & Spencer for employee Frequency
9

satisfaction during COVID-19?
Appropriate rewards and incentives 16
Providing appreciation and recognition 14
Q3. What are the different benefits obtain by Marks & Spencer by satisfying
their staff?
Frequency
Higher productivity 18
Better consumer service 12
Q4. Is employee satisfaction is beneficial for Marks & Spencer’s business
performance and productivity?
Frequency
True 22
False 8
Q5. Does the employee satisfaction during covid-19 have positive impacts
upon the organisation work productivity?
Frequency
Yes 20
No 10
Q6. Any suggestion
Interpretation
Theme 1: any idea about the concept of employee satisfaction.
Q1. Do have any idea about the concept of employee satisfaction? Frequency
Yes 27
NO 3
Interpretation: As per the above chart, it has been analysed that out of 30 participants, 27 are
with yes and rest 3 of them are saying no. So, this states that most of the participants haave the
ideas about employee satisfaction. Employee satisfaction is regarded as the happiness level or
contentment a staff feels for their jobs In addition to this, it is a vital aspects of any firms or
businesses. When staff feels happy as well as satisfied with work and management of culture,
they put its effective potential for developing the entity successful. A satisfied workers is one of
the affirmative into its approach. They are proactive, committed and productive for contribution
towards organisational objectives. Along with this, the prioritise staff satisfaction would enhance
10

their bottom line profitability, develops low staff turnover as well as improve whole business
productivity & performance.
Theme 2: the various ways applied by Marks & Spencer for employee satisfaction during
COVID-19.
Q2. What are the various ways applied by Marks & Spencer for employee
satisfaction during COVID-19?
Frequency
Appropriate rewards and incentives 16
Providing appreciation and recognition 14
Theme 3: the different benefits obtain by Marks & Spencer by satisfying their staff.
Q3. What are the different benefits obtain by Marks & Spencer by satisfying
their staff?
Frequency
Higher productivity 18
Better consumer service 12
Interpretation: As per the above chart, it has been interpreted that are the different benefits obtain
by Marks & Spencer by satisfying their staff such as higher productivity, better customer
services and many others. So, among 30 respondence, 18 are in favour of higher productivity and
rest 12 of them are with better consumer services. This states that employees satisfaction
enhances the organisational productivity in effective and efficient way. Higher productivity:
Based on the Villanova University research represents that, staff who report higher job
satisfaction tends to attain higher productivity.” This form sense that satisfied staff would feel
much invested into organisational success and so perform harder to aids in attaining it during
COVID-19. Also, satisfied staff are happier individuals in general, that states that they are much
opt towards providing cheerful services to their clients during pandemic time also. In addition to
this, they readily highlights that their firm with pride, driving towards gratified customers.
Theme 4: employee satisfaction is beneficial for Marks & Spencer’s business performance and
productivity.
Q4. Is employee satisfaction is beneficial for Marks & Spencer’s business
performance and productivity?
Frequency
True 22
11

False 8
Theme 5: Employee satisfactions during covid-19 have positive impacts upon the organisation
work productivity.
Q5. Does the employee satisfaction during covid-19 have positive impacts
upon the organisation work productivity?
Frequency
Yes 20
No 10
Theme 6: Any suggestion.
Q6. Any suggestion
As per the above, it has been suggested that Marks & Spencer have to provide much focus
upon employees satisfaction especially during pandemic times. For instance they have to opt
various effective way in order to satisfy their workers such as Appropriate rewards and
incentives
Providing appreciation and recognition. As it provides several benefits to organisation like
higher productivity, better services to clients and so on. This form sense that satisfied staff
would feel much invested into organisational success and so perform harder to aids in attaining
it during COVID-19. Also, satisfied staff are happier individuals in general, that states that
they are much opt towards providing cheerful services to their clients during pandemic time
also. In addition to this, they readily highlights that their firm with pride, driving towards
gratified customers.
12

Research Outcomes
Conclusion and Recommendations
CONCLUSION
As per the above study, it has been concluded that employee satisfaction is much crucial within
organisation mainly during pandemic situation. As Employee satisfaction is regarded as the
happiness level or contentment a staff feels for their jobs In addition to this, it is a vital aspects of
any firms or businesses. When staff feels happy as well as satisfied with work and management
of culture, they put its effective potential for developing the entity successful. A satisfied
workers is one of the affirmative into its approach. They are proactive, committed and productive
for contribution towards organisational objectives. Along with this, the prioritise staff
satisfaction would enhance their bottom line profitability, develops low staff turnover as well as
improve whole business productivity & performance.
RECCOMMENDATION
As per the above, it has been recommended that Marks & Spencer have to provide much focus
upon employees satisfaction especially during pandemic times. For instance they have to opt
various effective way in order to satisfy their workers such as Appropriate rewards and
incentives
Providing appreciation and recognition. As it provides several benefits to organisation like
higher productivity, better services to clients and so on. This form sense that satisfied staff would
feel much invested into organisational success and so perform harder to aids in attaining it during
COVID-19. Also, satisfied staff are happier individuals in general, that states that they are much
opt towards providing cheerful services to their clients during pandemic time also. In addition to
this, they readily highlights that their firm with pride, driving towards gratified customers
Reflection & Recommendation of alternative research method
Every research require an alternative research methodology in order to get next best data which
is best in the current research process. I have privileged for doing this research in order to
improve my knowledge about employee satisfaction in order to analyze the business position. I
13

would suggest that an alternative research methodology will be more useful in which deductive
approach will be used. This research require in secondary form of data in order to collect the data
in the article manner and from a wide range of sources. This methodology will be helpful more
as it will save time in future as well as cost to maintain the project budget.
14

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