Literature Review: Energy Efficiency Project Implementation Issues

This literature review focuses on energy efficiency strategies within organizations, emphasizing their importance for financial performance and environmental responsibility. It highlights the need for energy consumption measurement and the integration of renewable energy sources. The review covers government initiatives, technical advancements, and behavioral changes that positively impact energy efficiency. It also discusses the implementation of project management in energy management, the development of energy efficiency frameworks, and the retrofitting of buildings to ensure energy efficiency at a fundamental level. The literature cited supports the idea that a multi-faceted approach, incorporating technical, organizational, and behavioral aspects, is crucial for achieving significant improvements in energy efficiency.

Literature Review
Energy Efficiency
Energy efficiency is an important activity to maintain within an organization in order to improve
the financial performance of the company as well as to add their contribution towards the
betterment of the society and the protection of planet earth. Nur, Mohammad and others (2015);
Allouhi, et al. (2015) are of the opinion that energy efficiency strategies should be an integral
part of the goals and objectives of the organization. These authors suggest that it is important to
measure the energy consumption used in an organization (Bakar, et al. 2015). Noreddine (2015)
have suggested that renewable energy should be used within the organization in order to save
energy (Ghaffour, et al. 2015). Optical networks will help with the issue of capacity crunch. It is
been considered that optical networks has the ability to improve the energy efficiency (Napoli, et
al. 2015). Sarat and others (2016), has focused the literature on that revolves around government
initiatives and strategies towards improving energy efficiency in the country.
Government’s role
Government plays an important role in guiding the organizations towards achieving their energy
related objectives (Sahoo, Varma and Talwar 2016, Department of Energy & Climate Change
2012). Experts have provided that energy efficiency approaches can be adopted at technical
level, organizational level as well as at behavioral level within an organization. Technical
advancements as well as bringing behavioral change can positively impact the energy efficiency
of an organization (Ruparathna, Hewage and Sadi 2016).
Project Management and Framework
Project management should be implemented in energy management which majorly focuses on
five key elements that is strategy, planning, organizing, implementation, and controlling

(Schulze, et al. 2016). It has been suggested that an energy efficiency framework should be
developed so that the measures can be characterized, and on the basis of this policy makers can
take decisions (Trianni, Cagno and Donatis 2014, Department of Energy and Climate Change
2016, United Nations 2017, García, et al. 2017).
Retrofitting of buildings
Another measure suggested towards energy efficiency is retrofitting the building so that energy
efficiency can be ensured at the very basic level (Zou, et al. 2017, Radwan, et al. 2016, Nilsson,
Aronsson and Jagemar 1994).

References
Allouhi, A., Y. El Fouih, T. Kousksou, A. Jamil, Y. Zeraouli, and Y. Mourad. "Energy
consumption and efficiency in buildings: current status and future trends." Journal of
Cleaner Production 109 (2015): 118-130, doi.: 10.1016/j.jclepro.2015.05.139
Bakar, N. N. A., et al. "Energy efficiency index as an indicator for measuring building energy
performance: A review." Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews 44 (2015): 1-11,
doi: 10.1016/j.rser.2014.12.018
Department of Energy & Climate Change. The Energy Efficiency Strategy: The Energy
Efficiency Opportunity in the UK. Department of Energy & Climate Change, 2012.
https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/
attachment_data/file/65602/6927-energy-efficiency-strategy--the-energy-efficiency.pdf
Department of Energy and Climate Change. National Energy Efficiency Data Framework:
Summary of analysis using the National Energy Efficiency Data-Framework (NEED).
Department of Energy and Climate Change, 2016.
https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/
attachment_data/file/532535/National_Energy_Efficiency_Data-
Framework__NEED__Main_Report.pdf
García, Óscar, Javier Prieto, Ricardo S. Alonso, and Juan M. Corchado. "A Framework to
Improve Energy Efficient Behaviour at Home through Activity and Context Monitoring."
Sensors 17, no. 8 (2017), doi: 10.3390/s17081749
Ghaffour, Noreddine, Jochen Bundschuh, Hacene Mahmoudi, and Mattheus F.A. Goosen.
"Renewable energy-driven desalination technologies: A comprehensive review on

challenges and potential applications of integrated systems." Desalination 356 (2015):
94-114, doi: 10.1016/j.desal.2014.10.024
Napoli, Antonio, et al. "Next generation elastic optical networks: The vision of the European
research project IDEALIST." IEEE Communications Magzine 53, no. 2 (2015): 152-162,
doi: 10.1109/MCOM.2015.7045404
Nilsson, Per-Erik, Stefan Aronsson, and Lennart Jagemar. "Energy-efficient retrofitting of office
buildings." Energy and Buildings 21, no. 3 (1994): 175-185, doi: 10.1016/0378-
7788(94)90033-7
Radwan, Ahmed F., Ahmed A. Hanafy, Mohamed Elhelw, and Abd El-Hamid A. El-Sayed.
"Retrofitting of existing buildings to achieve better energy-efficiency in commercial
building case study: Hospital in Egypt." Alexandria Engineering Journal 55, no. 4
(2016): 3061-3071, doi: 10.1016/j.aej.2016.08.005
Ruparathna, Rajeev, Kasun Hewage, and Rehan Sadi. "Improving the energy efficiency of the
existing building stock: A critical review of commercial and institutional buildings."
Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews 53 (2016): 1032-1045, doi:
10.1016/j.rser.2015.09.084
Sahoo, Sarat Kumar, Payal Varma, and Krishna Prabhakar Lall Chanpreet Kaur Talwar. "Energy
efficiency in India: Achievements, challenges and legality." Energy Policy 88 (2016):
495-50, doi: 10.1016/j.enpol.2015.10.049
Schulze, Mike, Henrik Nehler, Mikael Ottosson, and Patrik Thollander. "Energy management in
industry – a systematic review of previous findings and an integrative conceptual
framework." Journal of Cleaner Production 112, no. 5 (2016): 3692-3708.

Trianni, Andrea, Enrico Cagno, and Alessio De Donatis. "A framework to characterize energy
efficiency measures." Applied Energy 118 (2014): 207-220, doi:
10.1016/j.jclepro.2015.06.060
United Nations. "Framework Guidelines for Energy Efficiency Standards in Buildings."
Ministerial Conference & the Eight International Forum Energy for Sustainable
Development. Astana, 2017.
Zou, Patrick X.W., Rodney Stewart, Morshed Alam, Edoardo Bertone, and Oz Sahin.
"Retrofitting Public Buildings for Energy and Water Efficiency." Sbenrc.com.au. 2017.
http://sbenrc.com.au/app/uploads/2015/11/SBEnrc-1.43-Industry-ReportWEB.pdf.