This report provides a detailed exploration of engineering geology and soil mechanics, covering various aspects of rock formation, classification, and properties. It begins with an analysis of different rock types (sedimentary, igneous, and metamorphic), their modes of formation, and common rock-forming minerals, including their susceptibility to weathering. The report then delves into soil descriptions, classification, and the determination of basic soil properties such as permeability, shear strength, and consolidation. It also includes calculations and graphs related to these properties. Furthermore, the report examines geotechnical design parameters, methods of ground investigation, and laboratory measures on soils, including shear strength determination and soil permeability tests. The report offers comprehensive insights into the principles and practices of engineering geology and soil mechanics.