Dissertation: Occupational Stress and Male Engineering Employees

This dissertation investigates the impact of occupational stress on the psychological wellbeing of male employees in the engineering industry. It explores the causes of stress, examines strategies used by organizations to mitigate stress, and analyzes how work pressures affect employees' mental health. The study employs a mixed-methods approach, including literature review, research methodologies, and data analysis using SPSS. The dissertation also provides recommendations for reducing occupational stress and improving employee wellbeing, encompassing a comprehensive overview of the research process, from introduction and literature review to data analysis, discussion, and conclusions. The findings highlight the importance of addressing workplace stress to enhance both individual and organizational performance.

DISSERTATION
(Impact of occupational stress on psychological well-
being amongst male employees in Engineering)

ABSTRACT
In this study is has been described the impact of work stress on psychological well being
of male worker which make them unable to perform better, they cannot be able to complete task
on time that create barriers in professional as well as personal career growth. In this dissertation
the results are also gathered on the bases on having crucial impact of employees in their personal
and professional life. Due to facing over work pressure they are not concentrating on single work
and thus, resulting in facing depression. It also arises due to not taking proper care by superiors
at the time of managing work.
Thus, there is no such close relationship between employer and employee which resulting
in facing barriers in interacting accurately. The another reason for identifying stress is no open
doors in organisation. The organisation develop various strategies to deal with the problems and
stress of the employee’s. It has been described in the study that the training and development,
motivation and rewards are provided to the employees to reduce their stress level and maintain
their performance in the company. It also explains that overstress increases the burden and
depression for employees.

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
I express my gratuitous thank to my tutors under whose guidance I completed my
dissertation with effective outcomes. The another thank is specially for my parent who supported
me and believe that I can accomplish this research in authentic way.
I feel so grateful that I had supporting friends who guided me at every stage and also
provide resource to competed the dissertation. Finally my special regards to God who provide
strength and patience to handle barrier in positive way.

Table of Contents
ABSTRACT.....................................................................................................................................2
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT...............................................................................................................3
Topic- Identify of the impact of occupational stress on psychological well-being amongst male
employees in Engineering industry. ................................................................................................5
INTRODUCTION...........................................................................................................................5
Aims and Objectives...............................................................................................................6
OBJECTIVE OF THE STUDY.......................................................................................................6
RELEVANCE OF RESEARCH......................................................................................................8
LITERATURE REVIEW................................................................................................................9
RESEARCH METHODOLOGIES...............................................................................................19
Introduction..........................................................................................................................19
Research Philosophy............................................................................................................19
Research Approach...............................................................................................................20
Research Design...................................................................................................................21
Qualitative Data- Semi-structured interviews......................................................................22
Research Sample..................................................................................................................23
Quantitative Data- Outline Questionnaire............................................................................23
Sample Design- Employees..................................................................................................24
Data Collection and Analysis...............................................................................................24
DATA ANALYSIS AND RESULTS............................................................................................26
DISCUSSION & CONCLUSION.................................................................................................44
RECOMMENDATIONS...............................................................................................................47
CONCLUSION....................................................................................................................48
REFERENCES..............................................................................................................................51
APPENDIX....................................................................................................................................53
QUESTIONNAIRE..............................................................................................................53

Topic- Identify of the impact of occupational stress on psychological well-
being amongst male employees in Engineering industry.
INTRODUCTION
Occupational stress defined as state of tension that can occurs at time when an individual
senses a disagreement between working environment challenges and their possibilities of coping
(Adisa, Osabutey and Gbadamosi, 2016). In today's work life, employees are working for longer
hours as rising level of responsibilities requires them to exert themselves to meet out falling
expectation about performance of work. It can be enhanced at time when employee do not feel
supported by supervisors and colleague. Thus, this is situation in which employee do not have
little control over work processes. Additionally, pressure of quality, innovation and enhance in
pace of doing business grew equally dramatically and this created stress within employees.
Many enterprise in the world are witnessing an alarming increase of negative impact of
stress on productivity of employees. However, poor time management, inability to get things
done on time, unclear job description and feelings of insecurity are the causes to stress. Immense
pressure at workplace led to stress and this brings low productivity levels at workplace. In
addition to this, occupational stress termed out as stress that experienced by employees in the
workplace and this may lead to have impact on psychological well-being on individuals.
Additionally, occupational stress has adverse and pessimistic effect on mental health,
measured by insomnia, depression, depression and this leads to psychological well being,
anxiety, happiness etc. In today's world stress has become the worldwide phenomenon that can
occurs in every workplace. Henceforth, it can be stated that this has adverse affect on mental
health and quality of organisational productivity. Thus, occupational stress contributes wide
number of difficulties and hindrances to enterprise in the shape of non attendances, poor health
outcomes and loss of efficiency (Aranha and et.al., 2017). Furthermore, occupational stress can
be stated as noteworthy issues with organisational management and leadership. However, the
stress of workplace contributes towards the problem like family issues, unsatisfactory
performance, poor social relationship and unproductive organisation.
However, report will based on to formulation of the aim and objectives on the basis of
given topic. Thus, research methodologies will be defined so that research can be ascertained
with use of proper methods and this leads to authentic information. However, primary and
secondary both technique will be adopted so that reliable and authentic information can be

ascertained. Depth analysis will be conducted with help of literature review and data collection
method so that depth information about the topic can assist the researcher to gain insights about
the topic of research. However, the data analysis will be conducted with use of SPSS technique
by use of correlation method so that reliable and valid data can be collected.
Statement of the problem
There are many enterprise that mainly aims as to attain higher productivity and end up
saddling employees with overload of work to meet out the deadline and physical effects of
employees that may result into something contrary within organization to accomplish. In order
to generate enough revenue to be self sustaining and to be able to fund the acquisition of modern
equipment means efficient services and have optimal employment of resources.
Therefore, it has been identified that continuous change in management strategies and
administration and demand of employees is continually increasing. This is the term that has
brought immense pressure on employees and they are expected to deliver the world class
services. However, present study will be conducted to identify the impact of stress on
psychological well-being of employees.
Aims and Objectives
Aim:
To identify the impact of occupational stress on psychological well-being amongst male
employees in Engineering industry.
OBJECTIVE OF THE STUDY
The engineering industry is considered one of the most challenging and project driven
working environments where workloads are inconsistent and stress levels are high ( Au and
Ahmed, 2016). Henceforth, object of this research is based on aim of study and articulated in
following manner as-
The aim of this study is to
 To ascertain the causes of stress within organisation.
 To examine the different strategies used by organisation to prevent and help employees to
cope with stress.
 To explore the impact of work pressures on the psychological well-being of male
employees in engineering.

 To analyse ways in which employees cope with workplace stress and balance home-work
life.
 To provide suggestive measures to mitigate occupational stress and bring effective
psychological well being among male and employees in engineering industry.
Research questionnaire
 What are the causes of stress?
 How stress management strategies have been employed to assist employees to manage
stress?
 Does work pressure has impact on psychological well being of employees in
engineering?
Significance of the study
The main aim of study is to determine the impact of stress on employees productivity and
their psychological well being. Henceforth, researcher believes that study would go a long way
to notifying all organization and most effectively in the service sector on the need to ensure the
effective management of stress for their employees.
On the other hand, findings will add to studies that have been done so that individual
belong to somewhere else can appreciate the problem. However, this research study will provide
the suggestion on term that how to reduce the effects of stress on output. On the other hand, it
will be a source for further research and act as to relevance to stakeholder.
Scope of study
The study has mainly focused on to determine the impact of occupational stress on
productivity of employees and their psychological well-being. It is one of the major factor that
aids to get in depth and comprehensive understanding of causes of stress to make the meaningful
research (Baron, Franklin and Hmieleski, 2016).
Additionally, drawbacks are an inevitable part of almost every venture individual to carry
out and to overcome them to perform task effective ahead. These challenges at some extent
affected the progress of the study and also assisted to the researcher to work tirelessly in making
the success of this study a reality.
Limitation of the study
It is the study that necessarily limited in scope as there is series of resource limitation as
well as practical research limitation. Therefore, this research has some limitation as the time

allocated for conducting this study was very short to allow for adequate data collection and this
divided between the main academic work that included face to face examination.
Therefore, whole information was in detailed aspect and the some respondents did not
corporate with researcher at the time of collecting the data. However, it has been found that
financial constraint has also become the vast problem that researcher faced at time of
undertaking the study.
RELEVANCE OF RESEARCH
The whole study has organised into the five chapters. It will define the overall structure
of research project and this also inclusive of differed chapters. Additionally, structure of the
project defined in the below contexted manned as-
Chapter 1: Introduction
This is first chapter that streamlines the overall structure of research report. Henceforth,
researcher will define background, aims, objectives and research questions etc. Additionally, this
all needs to be achieved (Baron, Franklin and Hmieleski, 2016). However, this is initial phase
that plays crucial role in undertaking the whole research study in significant mode.
Chapter 2: Literature review
It is second chapter that assist to analyse the secondary information by the use of books,
journal and article etc. Therefore, this aids to gather the depth information on given topic to
research. However, secondary information can be collected in ease mode and this can be
assistive in term to gather detailed information to research.
Chapter 3: Research methodologies
This step will define various method to research study. With application of statistical and
logical technique it can be easy to determine, elaborate and measure the data effectively.
Additionally, it defines the systematic plan for collecting the research and also includes method
as implication, data collection and interpretation etc.
Chapter 4: Data analysis
It is term that defines systematic information about the research topic. However, the
chapter will show that first hand information to the research can be defined with use of primary
data. It is attractive approach that defines how all data can be collected and interpreted (Baron,
Franklin and Hmieleski, 2016 ). In order to explain it, the researcher can use graph, chart, table
etc. Valid and reliable data can be collected with help of tables, interpretation etc.

Chapter 5: Discussion and analysis
At this stage, the conclusion will be drawn on the basis of information. This chapter will
cover the whole discussion of the report.

LITERATURE REVIEW
This is term that defined as comprehensive summary of the previous research on topic. It
is inclusive of survey, books, scholarly articles and any other sources relevant to particular issue.
Therefore, it aids to have in depth grasp of subject.
Theme 1: Different initiatives used by organisation to prevent and help employees cope with
stress.
Workplace stress defined as harmful physical and emotional responses that can bring
conflict between job demands on employee and amount of control on employee. As per the view
of Adisa, Osabutey and Gbadamosi, (2016) stated that this is pattern of physiological,
emotional, cognitive and behavioural reaction that can bring sometimes harsh impact on working
of the enterprise. In contrary to Aranha and et.al., (2017) stated that wellness programme must be
designed to improve employee health as this can aids to enhance productivity, decrease the level
of stress and boost morale. It can be reduce if employee can avail better training facilities so that
better and improved activities can be carried out to building health strategies. According to the
view of Au and Ahmed, (2016) stated that employees are most crucial assets to the enterprise
and without their effective support organisation cannot able to survive with profitability for
longer term.
However, two things can be effective in terms to manage and reduce the stress as greater
control and autonomy and good employees. In contrary to Baron, Franklin and Hmieleski, (2016)
stated that managers experience significantly less stress when they have good relationship to
their workers. Employee must be encouraged to use paid time off. Therefore, employee need
little downtime away from workplace to relax and balance to work with life.
As per the view of Cho and Tay, (2016) stated that one of core responsibilities of
manager is to pass solution at time of conflict so that better activities can be carried out.
Workplace stress can be promoted with help of promoting support and open communication
within enterprise. With help of offering the stress management programme and to provide stress
management programmes to supervisors behaviour may have strong influence on workers. On
the other hand, De Clercq and Belausteguigoitia, (2017) stated that occupation stress can be
defined as harmful physical and psychological consequences to individuals that results between
demand of working environment and needs, resources and abilities to individuals. In contrary to
stated that occupation stress has become one of major issue of modern world. Managers to the

enterprise are responsible for execution of all reasonable resources so that enterprise activities
can be carried down effectively. As per the view of De Clercq, Dimov and Belausteguigoitia,
(2016) stated that the core focus of programmers can be directed towards the individuals
workers, working groups and organisation as a whole. No matter how good job is or how good
manager is, employees have to face the stress. It will bear a gigantic influence on the overall
performance within an organization. There are modern tactics which are used to staff members to
deal with stress such as information and awareness Thus, it can be stated that stress management
is significant part of maintaining better physical and emotional relationship with others.
As per the view of Cho and Tay, (2016) stated that the one and foremost way to prevent
excessive build-up of stress that offers employees more breaks throughout the day. This facilities
needs to offer to breaking up the day of workers with small pockets of relief that can assist
employee to be more productive and less stress. In contrary to De Clercq and Belausteguigoitia,
(2017) stated that managers and employers to the enterprise must be transparent about the goals
of firm and how job roles support these goals. It aids to give employees peace of mind as they
know what is really needs to focus on and how to take actions to accomplish the desired goals set
by firm. Employees to the enterprise must take initiatives to develop these goals so that they can
feel the part of process.
According to the view of De Clercq, Dimov and Belausteguigoitia, (2016) stated that
keeping employees within flexible work environment aids enhance the employee productivity.
On the other hand, flexibility in working environment aids to reduce the pressure of work and
they become able to perform effectively. As per the view of Cho and Tay, (2016) stated that
there is nothing that can cause stress on employee like poor management, with providing proper
training facilities to supervisors the efficiency of employees can be enhanced. It is inclusive of
effective communication skills, to set out goals, by providing adequate training facilities to
employees assist to bring better advancement. In contrary to De Clercq, Dimov and
Belausteguigoitia, (2016) stated that managers to the enterprise must put their focus on work and
company by giving employees purpose and pride in the work.
In contrary to Cho and Tay, (2016) stated that assisting employees in conflict situation
can help employee to perform effectively and efficiently. Managers to the enterprise must put
their focus to positive aspect of the work and help employees to perform effectively. Thus,
effective management of the stress can leads to improved health. Additionally, Cho and Tay,

(2016) it can be stated that effective stress management techniques can offset the negative
impacts of life. Thus, consistently enhanced workload with extremely long hours that couple
with expectation to produce impeccable work product on short deadlines can put the employee at
stress.
As per the view of Adisa, Osabutey and Gbadamosi, (2016) stated that corporate wellness
program needs to be launched to promote employees self care. Thus, programme needs to
provide knowledge about the healthier diet, depression, education and financial resources to
support in debt management and retirement. Thus, number of steps must be taken as to set out
the goals for employees, to encourage mindfulness with team, to providing flexible working
environment, encouraging employees to perform their best and to have better workplace
recognition. Managers to the enterprise needs to make timely communication with workers so
that they can able to analyse the needs and wants of employees. As per the view of Aranha and
et.al., (2017) stated that stress management programme must be initiatives as it is comprehensive
and preventive programme that primarily aims to foster psychological well being by energizing
climate of work, to enhance relationship.
Theme 2: Investigate the sources of work pressures to assist employees to cope up with work
pressure.
According to Everyone who has job felt pressure at some point. Everyone feels pressure
to meet deadline but when it is in the continuous form then it became chronic. Work Related
stress take a big toll on health of the employees. A Stressful work environment causes the
problems for example headache, short temper, sleep disturbances and also results in insomnia,
weakened immune system. Individual who experiencing stress in excessive amount deals it with
more unhealthy ways such as eating unhealthy foods, abusing drugs, alcohol, smoking cigarettes.
here are certain steps to manage stress such as by keeping stress tracking record for that
individual keep a journal so that they can identify that which situation creates most stress and
how they respond to such circumstances. They also record the information about environment,
also included the circumstances involved and how they react about such circumstances. Keeping
notes helps them to find the stress related pattern and how they react with such situation. People
instead of developing Habits of consuming alcohol or fast food they can attempt the healthy
choice such as exercise is a great option to reduce the stress. Yoga is considered as an excellent
choice not only yoga any kind of physical activity is a great source of stress buster. Also, make