Engineering Perspectives on Sustainability: A Detailed Report

This report provides a comprehensive overview of sustainability, addressing various environmental challenges and proposing potential solutions. It begins by identifying key issues such as climate change, deforestation, and freshwater depletion, followed by an analysis of their causes, including greenhouse gas emissions and unsustainable practices. The report then proposes solutions centered around green infrastructure, sustainable design, and stakeholder engagement. It defines stakeholders, differentiates between risk and uncertainty, and explores the application of engineering ethics and effective communication. Furthermore, the report delves into sustainable design conditions for a hydro plant, time management strategies, and the importance of self-awareness and social-ecological thinking. It emphasizes the role of engineers in promoting sustainability and provides insights into change proposals and waste management. The report concludes by outlining criteria for smart cities, focusing on effective coordination and collaboration for sustainable urban development.

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Running Head: SUSTAINABILITY 0

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Table of Contents
1. Issues on planet...................................................................................................................1
2. Causes.................................................................................................................................2
3. Suitable solution.................................................................................................................2
4. Stakeholder.........................................................................................................................2
5. Project stakeholders............................................................................................................3
6. Sustainable design...............................................................................................................3
7. Sustainable design conditions.............................................................................................3
Flow duration curve................................................................................................................3
Flow rate measurement...........................................................................................................3
Weir and open channel...........................................................................................................4
Trash rack design and penstock design..................................................................................4
8. Self-awareness....................................................................................................................4
9. Social-ecological thinking and uncertainty.........................................................................4
10. Uncertainty & risk...........................................................................................................4
11. Management of time.......................................................................................................5
Plan work ahead.....................................................................................................................5
Clear priority and focus..........................................................................................................5
Shorter deadlines and everyday summaries...........................................................................5
12. Engineering ethics...........................................................................................................5
13. Communication...............................................................................................................5
14. Change proposal..............................................................................................................6
15. Wastes.............................................................................................................................6
16. Criteria of smart city.......................................................................................................6
17. Effective coordination, collaboration, & communication...............................................7
References..................................................................................................................................8

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1. Issues on planet
The world is facing many serious problems like climate change, ocean over-fishing,
freshwater depletion, deforestation, and undeveloped green infrastructure. There are many
causes of not maintaining a green infrastructure as an organization not become capable
enough to generate sustainability in an ecosystem and social services (Hite, & Seitz, 2016).
The main challenge is incorporating the basic concept of sustainability into an economic and
social system. For example, in urban areas Stormwater is negatively seen that impacts
humans negatively by flooding. Green infrastructure is the most important component of
sustainable urban communities, if not maintained than decrease the air quality regulation,
water flow regulation, Erosion protection, Pollination, and so on (Yearley, 2014).
1. Causes
Higher global temperature effects environmental and social fluctuations that directly and
indirectly caused by human secretions of gases of the greenhouse. This occurs when many air
pollutants and carbon dioxide and greenhouse gases accumulate in the environment and
engage sunlight and solar radio action that rebounded off the surface of the earth. This is the
main problem in the atmosphere that acts as a blanket, warming and trapping heat the planet.
Burning of fossil fuel like oil, coal, and usual gas for energy, cut & burn forests for creating
plantations and pasture overloads atmosphere. Agricultural practices and management of
waste have generated many problems to release strong global warming gases like nitrous
oxide & methane (Körner, 2012).
2. Suitable solution
There is a need to establish an effective green infrastructure by communities develop, and
shift of climate patterns and need to be replaced, upgrade, rehabilitate that continue to grow.
There should be a gray stormwater structure intended to transfer urban stormwater away from
the built environment and green infrastructure will reduce and treat stormwater as a source by
delivering the economic, social, and environmental benefits. Green infrastructure increases
the existing green structure to increase the existing gray structure that will promote the urban
livability and increase communities’ bottom line. It will reduce the cost of the community's
infrastructure and promote economic growth and produce construction and preservation jobs
(Gunasekaran & Spalanzani, 2012).

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3. Stakeholder
A stakeholder is a party that is interested in the organization and affect or affected by the
business. A stakeholder can be internal and external. An internal stakeholder is an individual
that interest in an organization by a direct relationship like employment, investment, or
ownership. The external stakeholder is an individual that directly not work with the
organization but affected by the outcome and action of business. I am working as an engineer
in a power distribution organization name called “Ergon Energy there are stakeholders are
employees, directors, owners, creditors, unions, government, suppliers and community. All
the stakeholders are note equal (Peloza, & Shang, 2011).
4. Project stakeholders
Project stakeholder for green infrastructure is an organization or person that positively and
negatively impacted by the project. The main group of stakeholders would be the project
team, the project manager, the sponsor, the functional management, and the customers. A
stakeholder register will be made to define the information about the stakeholder’s
management. At the starting of the project interviews with the stakeholders, preferences will
support understanding the preferences. Stakeholder’s engagement should be done by
communicating with project stakeholders to gain support for the project that will specify the
frequency and type of media, communications, contact persons and locations of events of
communication.
5. Sustainable design
In the green infrastructure sustainable design pursues to decrease negative impacts on the
atmosphere, health, and comfort of generating occupants by improving and building
performance. The main objective of sustainable principle consists of optimizing site potential,
minimize non-renewable depletion of energy, environmentally preferable products, defend
and conserve water, increase indoor environmental worth, and optimize maintenance and
operational practices. This will encourage the choices at each stage of the design procedure
and decrease the negative impact on the environment. For additional energy t-5 lamps by
smaller housing units is a way to protect space and helped to reduce material and construction
costs (Khalili, & Duecker, 2013).
6. Sustainable design conditions
The sustainable design conditions for a hydro plant in Thailand will consider to prepare and
take into account in the design process these reflections are as follows:

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Flow duration curve
The type, size, and speed of the turbine will be established on the net cranium and the
determined flow rate of water must be resolute by the stream or river that the turbine shall be
connected. This must be built by the route of river plants and a maximum flow of water by
flow extent curve for the stream or river. This is a way for establishing the discharge data
through plotting a duration of the flow curve. It can be gained by hydro-graph by data
organizing through magnitude in place of chronologically (Verhulst, & Boks, 2012).
Flow rate measurement
It is a conventional system intended for medium to big reviews and means rapidity of the
water.
Weir and open channel
This generates the possibility to build a Weir.
Trash rack design and penstock design
This support to prevent waste from getting an entry in the entrance flume and generate a
slanting position. Penstocks use to convey water from the consumption to the powerhouse.
7. Self-awareness
Self-awareness is the best viewed from the standpoint of personal development and support
to have a deep understanding of values, habits, strengths, and weaknesses. I demonstrate my
self-awareness by a strong character that creates the ability to lead by purpose, authenticity,
trust, and openness. This support to give a clear understanding from other people. This helps
me to identify gape that effective and needs additional work. For example, my consciousness
is a spectrum of feelings that include instinct, emotion, thinking by a holographic conscious
visual of reality that is quieter and more accurate in language and the easiest way to update
consciousness with the latest information gained.
8. Social-ecological thinking and uncertainty
Dependencies and interactions between nature and humans are known as social-ecological
thinking. Nature and humans are coupled at a strong level toward the point that conceived as
a social-ecological system. In the global society, resilience starts from the belief that nature
and human is strongly couple towards the point to conceive as a social-ecological system. In
a globalized society ecosystem not virtually shaped by people without the need for the
ecosystem and provided services. The system of social-ecological is uncertain and composed

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of many diverse non-humans and human objects that interact. They acclimatize changes in
the atmosphere and the atmosphere fluctuates as a result (Azkarate, Ricondo, & Martínez,
etc. 2011).
9. Uncertainty & risk
The risk is known as a situation of charming or losing something valuable. Uncertainty is a
situation that there is no information about the events of the future. Risk is measured and
quantified by theoretical models. Uncertainty is not the potential to measure quantifiable
terms regarding unpredictable future events. In risk potential customer are known and the
outcome is unknown in uncertainty. Controlled risk can be properly measured and taken to
regulate it. Insecurity is beyond the control of enterprise or person as the future is known as
an uncertain. Risk minimization can be complete by necessary precautions and as opposed to
the insecurity that cannot be reduced.
10. Management of time
There are many strategies of time management can be applied by me to save time and
schedule own work in green infrastructure project (Bond, Morrison-Saunders, Gunn, &, etc.
2015). The following are the steps used to manage time by working a project of a team.
Plan work ahead
Accomplish a specified timeframe will support to set up a process of a team project. By
planning a day to day task will support to generate a to-do list that improves the visibility of
the requirements in many assignments and support to establish requirements and goals of the
project.
Clear priority and focus
This is important to prioritize the order of task as per the importance, effort, and urgency to
achieve goals. This will support to spot tasks that need attention and focus on them.
Shorter deadlines and everyday summaries
Shorter deadlines support to finish the work on the available time. The review of time on a
certain date will support to complete the work by show of results. Day to day summary will
support to discover and check the task by motivating for the next day.
11. Engineering ethics
Engineering is a procedure to develop an effective mechanism that eases and quickens that
work by using limited resources with the help of technology. Ethics is a principle accepted by

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society and equates to human being's moral standards. The engineer with ethics effectively
supports society. Engineering ethics are implemented in engineering by engineers as
important for the good of society. This is a study of decisions, values, and policies that
morally desirable in practices and research of engineering. The role of an engineering
organization is to design mechanical systems. These should assist the manufacturing, heating,
and cooling.
12. Communication
This is the most important part of the business. This will support to realize the difference
between non-effective and effective communication in an organization. Communication can
be in the form of oral and written. For a demonstration of oral communication personal
discussion, the informal conversation will be done and identify the result of the successful
completion of work. For written communication, I will publish the email within the
organization and identify the number of responses to the email and implement the process of
work.
13. Change proposal
This is a formal proposal to change the level of service or activities for funding that affects
the work scope. This must be planned and coordinated effort between contractor and client.
An identification of the problem supports to find a difference between the actual and desired
situation. Benefits and necessities of change support to grow. This support to generate more
flexibility and include the re-evaluation of a belief system. Change proposal support to revel
strength and help to establish an ability to adapt to a new environment. Change proposal
brings new actions and keep mind active and refocus on thoughts to stay active.
14. Wastes
This can be classified into five types and naturally found around the house. It consists of
liquid waste, solid waste, hazardous waste, organic waste, and recyclable waste. E-waste is
devoted to the removal of broken or outdated electronic materials and components. This is
recyclable and valuable like reusable laptops and RAM (Random Access Memory). The
waste hierarchy is used in the process of evaluation that protects the atmosphere by source
and energy consumption through favorable to least favorable actions. This support to
establish prefer program priorities relies on sustainability. This indicates an order of
preferences for action to decrease and manage waste and presented in the form of a pyramid

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diagrammatically. This support the objective of the organization to extract the extreme
benefits from product and generate the least amount of waste (Williams, & Baláž, 2015).
15. Criteria of smart city
State government shortlists smart cities on the basis of adequate supply of water, assured
supply of electricity, sanitation with solid management of waste, effective urban mobility,
and transport of public, affordable housing for poor persons, effective digitalization and IT
connectivity, sustainable environment, good governance with citizen participation, security
and safety of citizen specially for children, women, and elderly, and education, and health.
Combat poverty by endorsing economic development and the formation of a job. Decrease air
pollution by improving energy use and substitute use of a system of transport. Incorporate the
trees and plant trees for the care of town green spaces as the main element in urban planning.
This generates private-public partnerships to deliver services like housing and waste
discarding (Lombardi, Giordano, Farouh &, etc., 2012).
16. Effective coordination, collaboration, & communication
Success in an engineering project is achieved by invention and communication. Effective
coordination, collaboration, & communication is very crucial for the success of engineering
projects as many individuals involved in the efficiency of a project that is key drivers. These
are very important as a support to track the process of completion of work. These all support
to generate the effectiveness to focus on the processes and increase innovation and flexibility.
This knowledge of work effectively in a highly cognitive and highly social environment.
These all support the members of a project to develop ideas and draw own insight, memory,
and analytical skills. Concepts and ideas are very useful for an organization and must be
available for development.

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References
Yearley, S., 2014. The Green Case (Routledge Revivals): A Sociology of Environmental
Issues, Arguments and Politics. Routledge.
Hite, K.A. and Seitz, J.L., 2016. Global issues: an introduction. John Wiley & Sons.
Körner, C., 2012. Alpine treelines: functional ecology of the global high elevation tree limits.
Springer Science & Business Media.
Gunasekaran, A. and Spalanzani, A., 2012. Sustainability of manufacturing and services:
Investigations for research and applications. International journal of production
economics, 140(1), pp.35-47.
Peloza, J. and Shang, J., 2011. How can corporate social responsibility activities create value
for stakeholders? A systematic review. Journal of the Academy of Marketing Science, 39(1),
pp.117-135.
Khalili, N.R. and Duecker, S., 2013. Application of multi-criteria decision analysis in the
design of a sustainable environmental management system framework. Journal of Cleaner
Production, 47, pp.188-198.
Verhulst, E. and Boks, C., 2012. The role of human factors in the adoption of sustainable
design criteria in business: evidence from Belgian and Dutch case studies. International
journal of innovation and sustainable development, 6(2), pp.146-163.
Azkarate, A., Ricondo, I., Pérez, A. and Martínez, P., 2011. An assessment method and
design support system for designing sustainable machine tools. Journal of Engineering
Design, 22(3), pp.165-179.
Bond, A., Morrison-Saunders, A., Gunn, J.A., Pope, J. and Retief, F., 2015. Managing
uncertainty, ambiguity, and ignorance in impact assessment by embedding evolutionary
resilience, participatory modeling, and adaptive management. Journal of environmental
management, 151, pp.97-104.
Williams, A.M. and Baláž, V., 2015. Tourism risk and uncertainty: Theoretical
reflections. Journal of Travel Research, 54(3), pp.271-287.

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Lombardi, P., Giordano, S., Farouh, H. and Yousef, W., 2012. Modeling smart city
performance. Innovation: The European Journal of Social Science Research, 25(2), pp.137-
149.