Exploring Dementia: A Public Health Report for England's Healthcare

This report investigates dementia as a significant public health concern in England, focusing on the perspectives of Thurrock council and comparing it to London borough. It identifies key areas of concern through virtual research of local health and social services, collecting and discussing relevan...Read More

The Health Report

Table of Contents
1. INTRODUCTION.......................................................................................................................3
2. UNDERTAKE A VIRTUAL RESEARCH TOUR OF YOUR LOCAL HEALTH, SOCIAL
SERVICES, AND HEALTH SERVICES TO IDENTIFY KEY AREAS OF PUBLIC HEALTH
CONCERN......................................................................................................................................3
a. Choosing a locality.............................................................................................................3
b. Collect and discuss social and health data about that area that you have chosen..............4
3. IDENTIFY THE DETERMINANTS, INEQUALITIES AND BARRIERS TO HEALTH.......6
4. REVIEW THE SERVICES AND HEALTH CARE THAT ARE AVAILABLE FOR THE
PUBLIC HEALTH NEED THAT YOU HAVE CHOSEN............................................................8
Identify local, national policy, services, charities available for your public health concern. 8
Look at the role of the nurse in health promotion and screening in this area.........................8
5. CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATION.........................................................................10
Thurrock community forum.................................................................................................11
Local authority health profile...............................................................................................11
Services and healthcare available for public health need.....................................................12
REFERENCES..............................................................................................................................13

1. INTRODUCTION
Dementia refers to the loss of memory, problem-solving, language and other thinking
abilities which are there able to help in providing better effect to the people with dementia. There
are large population who are suffering form dementia. Reason of the report is to identify the
public health concern that can help to deliver better care services to the dementia patients.
Chosen area is England where there are many people are suffering from dementia. Here, There
are many people of old age who get normally impacted of dementia. Dementia refers to the
general term of loss of memory, problem-solving, thinking abilities and difficulty in language.
Alzheimer is one of the common cause of dementia. It contains various cognitive decline
symptoms along with different types of brain disorder. It is related with mental health. Dementia
cases has increased in the Thurrock where people need for specific care and support at their
home or community. Thurrock is the community forum where Thurrock council focus on
delivering of care and services to the people with dementia disease. They use their own resources
and support public to get equality health services. They focus on local community instead of
national wide. This report consist discussion about the health concern about the people with
dementia and need of health in community. This report consist about the country data
information which can help in the assessment (Manthorpe, (2018)). This report also includes the
public health concern which is related with data, graph and tables. In this report, there is
comparison between national and worldwide data. There is also identification of health
inequalities and determinants which can impact the public health issues. This also provides the
understanding about the community health and social data which includes employment rates,
economic deprive or level of education.
2. UNDERTAKE A VIRTUAL RESEARCH TOUR OF YOUR LOCAL
HEALTH, SOCIAL SERVICES, AND HEALTH SERVICES TO
IDENTIFY KEY AREAS OF PUBLIC HEALTH CONCERN
a. Choosing a locality
England is the country within United Kingdom where dementia is the public health
concern. There are large population suffering from the issue of dementia within county.
According to Alzheimer's society, there are large number of dementia patient in all over England.
About 690,000 people are living with dementia that causes within old age people. There are

about 565,000 people who receive community care or unpaid care or they generally live in care
home. England have large number of dementia patient where there is need to focus on nursing
care that need to get involve the need of assessment of dementia (Chang, (2021)).
b. Collect and discuss social and health data about that area that you have chosen
Finding Statistics and Information:
There is need to provide care and support to patient who are suffering form this disease.
As a nursing professional there is need to understand the need for care to the dementia patient.
Illustratio
n 1: Averaage cost for dementa patient for health (2021)
According to Alzheimer's society, it has been evaluated that there is high annual cost for
treatment of dementia which is around £24.2 billion in year 2015 were about 42% of this was
attributable to unpaid care. Health care cost is about £3.8 billion. Whereas, there are about £10.2
billion invest on the social care which is three time larger than health care cost. There is high
cost investment on the moderate, mild and severe dementia which is £27,450, £24,400, and
£46,050, respectively which is per person per year (The costs of dementia in England, (2019)).

Demonstrate The Statistics
Illustration 2: Epidemiology and risk factors of dementia | Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery
& Psychiatry, (2021)
It can be observed that there are more than 10,000 people are having dementia after age
of 65 who need better and effective care within community. These number are continuously
increasing with increase in their age. This provides the information that male and female are
getting dementia on large number. Female are more exposed to dementia in comparison to male
(Hanna, (2021).
Discuss The Statistics:
This is the data which provides the information regarding the dementia. These data
provides relevance data regarding dementia population who needed better care and support to
spend their life effectively. This can help to deliver the information that can help to analysis the
data of people who are affected and living with dementia.
It is growing challenge which need to deal effectively and with proper care. Dementia is
related with health and care issue which is associated in all over the world. It has been analysed
that in every five years cases of dementia gets doubled. In some cases, there is chance of getting

dementia which can present various issues for the person affected, their carer and for their
family. It is estimated that there are about one out of three people take care of people with
dementia. Half of the population are employed and about 66,000 people have already cut their
working hours and about 50,000 people have left their job to take care of their family member.
Thurrock council provides care to the people with dementia effectively and are associated with
NHS to get concern with other patient of dementia to deliver better care and social support for
their improved health (Dementia Profile, (2021)).
It can be observed that there are about 1 of 3 people develop dementia in their lifetime
where about 850,000 people are with dementia within UK. Whereas, around 50 million people
have developed with dementia where about 60% of them are living in low or middle-income
country. There are about 10 million cases comes every year. NHS is one of the best healthcare
service provider within country which is able to provide care and support to dementia patient
their carers and their families to live. This also provides the best place within world which
undertake research to dementia and others disease related with neurodegenerative. It provides
equal access to healthcare for everyone with proper coordination with meaningful care. They are
having various partners who deliver better and effective care to patient with dementia which
includes Thurrock council. NHS England help to deliver better care and treatment to the patient
with dementia. It also partnership with other care provider like Alzheimer's society, department
of health, public health England, Thurrock council etc. They are able to provide their services to
the patient and help in delivery their care for health improvement (Zissimopoulos, (2018).
Difference between Thurrock and London borough
Thurrock focus on early intervention, prevention and healthy lifestyle. Whereas, London
borough focuses on the delivery of healthcare and treatment for diseases.
Thurrock provides dementia training to their staff member for better delivery of care and
services for better impact. Whereas, London borough doesn't provide any special training to their
staff member to focus on specific care and services for dementia patients.
Thurrock library services have dementia friends training and having many books which
have information about dementia and other mental health related problem. Whereas, London
borough have no any such type of services available which can help to provide information about
dementia or mental health.

3. IDENTIFY THE DETERMINANTS, INEQUALITIES AND BARRIERS
TO HEALTH
The major factors of the health determinants and inequalities within the Thurrock which
may impact the public health issue like Dementia are age, sexuality, socio-economic status and
the cardiovascular risk. This are some important determinants of the health and inequality,
which comes under the range of social, environment elements and influence the health status.
Overall health of the community get affected by these factors. There are some other important
factors which contribute to the inequalities and negative health determinants, such as
unemployment rates, lack of education, economic instability. Unemployment rate is contributing
to the psychological emotional and biological problems. Because due to this people get
depressed for their Daily life needs fulfilment, as without employment they cannot get the money
to meet their personal need, in other hand Thurrock population is having lack of education for
which this place is working, but the educational problems lead to the lack of health care
awareness, due to which peoples do not get the knowledge of mental health care and
management and leading to the Dementia. Another health determinant like social economic
issues are causing the inequality in the health care provisions related to the different services
which is also associated with the Dementia. Thurrock is working on the prevention and
management of Dementia by considering the management of all these health determinants. Such
as health care authorities of this place is working on the management of heart health issues and
its prevention because this is also associated with the Dementia. Educational programs are also
conducted on the regular basis for the public awareness and in context to the equality within the
health care provision different polices are implemented according to the human right act.
Because education, employment and equality are the key factors management of which can help
to prevent the cases of Dementia. The profile of Dementia patient is the indicator which helps to
arrange six domains which includes prevalence, preventing well, living well, diagnosis well,
dying well and supporting well. This is associated with dementia profile within England.
Health inequalities refers to variation in delivery of healthcare services within groups of
people. There is variation in access to care resist various group of people to get better and
effective healthcare services. Contemporary public health, proper nutrition and physical
exercise- For better health, it is necessary to focus on meal which should be nutritional that can
allow to focus on better physical health. There is also need to focus on the physical exercise that

can provide better physical health and allow to perform various activity easily when provided
some care to the dementia patient.
Due to dementia there are many populations who get depressed and live in isolation
which require high quality of care and support. But there are no many people who can took care
of them and this make them feel isolated. There are very less population who get negative
thoughts within their mind. This continue thought lead to make them think of attempting suicide.
There are comparatively less cases where due to getting isolated, people with dementia attempted
suicide. From study there are about 4% of dementia patient attempt suicide or think to end their
life. Rising age and social isolation is the social determinants which can have high impact on the
patient with dementia. Due to age there is high risk of getting dementia where care and support is
highly needed to live quality of life. This make patient need for effective care and support.
Various determinants are there which needs to be understand the need for health in this
area. Inequalities in health is one of the major reason which includes access to care for various
group of people that plays important factor to focus on health need. There are various social care
services are available along with health services which is related with health care determinants.
Patient is need to provide personal care to the people with dementia, holistic care and many
more. People with dementia are unable to learn the previous thing and can get forget many things
which are related with their life. They are also not able to communicate with other due to
language problem.
4. REVIEW THE SERVICES AND HEALTH CARE THAT ARE
AVAILABLE FOR THE PUBLIC HEALTH NEED THAT YOU HAVE
CHOSEN
Identify local, national policy, services, charities available for your public health concern
Local authority health profile focuses on the overview of existing health and allow local
population to better care and services. It also helps government to focus on better health of
population. Thurrock associated with NHS to serve patient with dementia disease to provide
appropriate care and services.
There are several dementia charities which offer support or advice. Alzheimer's society is
one of the charity which website have all the information which can lead to create dementia
within any person. It also supports to live with dementia by providing care and appropriate

support. There are also some of the services which helps to manage and support dementia patient
which are Independent Age, National Health Services, Age UK's advice Line and many more.
There are various policies which helps patient with dementia to get better care and support even
financially for their improved health. There are various general practitioners and NHS therapy
helps to deal with dementia and helps to provide better care and support to live with dementia
along with improved health (Tatangelo, (2018).
Look at the role of the nurse in health promotion and screening in this area
There is need for proper assessment process which can help nursing staff to identify the
health related issues which can be applicable for public health need. There Beck Depression
Inventory (BDI) is one of the most applied tool to identify the depression with people. These are
health related services which are available to provide care to the patient with dementia at the
local community where they live (Yang, (2018).
Nurses provides their health and social care services to the people with dementia. This is
associated with providing dementia patient health related care that can help them to deliver
effective health concern. Nurses can help people by providing care services to them for proper
care at the community or at their home. They provide their services to the people for better and
improved health of patient with dementia. Thurrock also combines with NHS to focus on
effective delivery of their services at national level as well as local area. This enable them to
deliver their services at national level in various part of the country along with local area. This
comprises of delivery of care services to patient for their better health (Richardson, (2019).
Thurrock council provides day care to people which is able to deliver better and effective
care to people either at the community level or in domestic area. Many people are unable to get
out through their community area or domestic area that make them unable them to receive
healthcare services at the healthcare premises. In such condition there is need to deliver better
health and social care services which can allow them to help people to take part in various fun
activity (Kelly, (2018). This allow to help and support in personal care. They also help people to
take medication at proper time which can lead to health improvement (Eriksen, (2019). They are
also able to help in providing fresh and healthy meal in delivery of proper meal with water to
take care and maintain health. This type of care allows people to meet with new people which
can boost their confidence and make them happy. This is also an important part to get better
health. Day care is also provided by nursing staff to some specific people who are having their

age more than 65 years and are dealing with frailty or illness. People with learning and physical
disability are also able to get day care services. Sight or hearing loss people also required for day
care services. There are also many people who are suffering from mental health and leaving their
premises can be harmful for either patient or for other. In such case they are also eligible to get
day care service (Gnjidic, (2018).
Old age people are generally affected by the dementia problem and Thurrock council and
nursing staff helps those people to improve their life and health. This is the council which works
nationally and locally for advising people and their family that can help them to improve the
quality of life along with their health. This council provides various types of care and support to
dementia people who need some specific support or care. This council also provides domestic
help which help patient and their family member for taking care of patient of dementia at their
community area or at their apartment. This council provides their staff member to take care of
the patient in helping them in performing various activities and care which they required at their
home. There is need to provide better delivery of health care services to the people who are
living alone and having no any family member to take care of their health and support in
performing activities. Such type of patient requires someone to take care of them and their
health. Thurrock council helps such type of patient with dementia by providing their healthcare
services at home and also helps to deliver better care at home. Old age people who live alone and
having dementia needs care and support to live their life effectively (Clifford, (2018)).
Nurse should provide the information related with dementia to their patient and related
concern and area to take care like helping in daily activity, performing various task, focusing in
delivering care and support, need to focus on timely medication and many more. There is also
need to provide time to time training to the nursing staff which can help to deliver managing care
for the dementia patient. These are some of the information which needed to provide among the
team member for better and effective delivery of healthcare services. Dementia patient face
difficulty in solving their problem and requires some level of care and support that can help them
to perform or complete their task. Large population who are there with dementia are old age
people who required personal care for live effectively with better quality. There is also need to
focus on the delivery of personal care which can help people to live with better quality and also
help to perform various activity which are needed but due to their old age and needed care and
support to perform those activity (Lawler, (2021).

5. CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATION
From above discussion, it can be concluded that dementia is the mental health issue
which is develop and caused by the influence of different health and inequality determinants.
There are various data which can help to understand the number of dementia patient who get
yearly increase with globe and country. There is discussion about the various services and role of
nurses that can help to deliver better care and service for the dementia patient.
It is recommended that proper nursing assessment should be there to identify the patient for their
treatment and care. There is need to focus on delivery of proper care for health improvement.
There is also need for the screening and assessment process for screening of dementia. The
global pattern of the well-being is highly influence by the epidemiology, demography, genomics
and other wider determinants of the health, illness and well-being. In context to the improvement
of physical, mental and other health related outcomes that is important to implement the
principles, practices and evidence based approaches of screening programmes. Because this
helps in the analysis of right symptoms and factors of the health. So, appropriate treatment and
actions is can be selected for the care and management of specific health condition. There are the
several needs of selected community which have to fulfil for the management of effective well-
being and health. There is the need of more equability approaches in health care provision and
education of the peoples along with their employability. So, this will lead to the reduction of
health issues and risk.

REFERENCES
Books and Journals
Chang, (2021). Mandarin version of dementia and driving decision aid (DDDA): Development
and stakeholder evaluation in Taiwan. International journal of older people
nursing, 16(3), e12370.
Clifford, (2018). Exploring nursing staff views of responsive behaviours of people with dementia
in long‐stay facilities. Journal of psychiatric and mental health nursing, 25(1), 26-36.
Eriksen, (2019). Farm-based day care services–a prospective study protocol on health benefits
for people with dementia and next of kin. Journal of multidisciplinary healthcare, 12,
643.
Gnjidic, (2018). The impact of dementia diagnosis on patterns of potentially inappropriate
medication use among older adults. The Journals of Gerontology: Series A, 73(10),
1410-1417.
Hanna, (2021). Emotional and mental wellbeing following COVID-19 public health measures on
people living with dementia and carers. Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry and
Neurology, 0891988721996816.
Kelly, (2018). From rural citizenship to the rural citizen: Farming, dementia and networks of
care. Journal of Rural Studies, 63, 96-104.
Lawler, (2021). Room for improvement: An online survey of allied health professionals’
dementia knowledge. Australasian Journal on Ageing, 40(2), 195-201.
Manthorpe, (2018). Practitioners' understanding of barriers to accessing specialist support by
family carers of people with dementia in distress. International Journal of Care and
Caring, 2(1), 109-123.
Richardson, (2019). History of benzodiazepine prescriptions and risk of dementia: possible bias
due to prevalent users and covariate measurement timing in a nested case-control
study. American journal of epidemiology, 188(7), 1228-1236.
Tatangelo, (2018). “I just don’t focus on my needs.” The unmet health needs of partner and
offspring caregivers of people with dementia: A qualitative study. International
Journal of Nursing Studies, 77, 8-14.
Yang, (2018). Measurement tools of resource use and quality of life in clinical trials for dementia
or cognitive impairment interventions: A systematically conducted narrative
review. International journal of geriatric psychiatry, 33(2), e166-e176.
Zissimopoulos, (2018). The impact of changes in population health and mortality on future
prevalence of Alzheimer’s disease and other dementias in the United States. The
Journals of Gerontology: Series B, 73(suppl_1), S38-S47.
Online:
The costs of dementia in England, (2019), [Online], Available through
<https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6618309/>
Dementia Profile, (2021), [Online] Available through <https://fingertips.phe.org.uk/profile-
group/mental-health/profile/dementia>
Epidemiology and risk factors of dementia | Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery & Psychiatry,
(2021) [Online] available through <https://jnnp.bmj.com/content/76/suppl_5/v2>