Legal System Evolution, Laws, and Court Structure of England & Wales

This essay discusses the evolution of the legal system in England and Wales, highlighting its common law foundation mixed with legislation and precedents. It outlines the differences between the legal systems of England & Wales, Scotland, and Netherlands, emphasizing the hybrid nature of the Scottish system. The essay differentiates between public and private law, further breaking down private law into civil and criminal categories. It also details the structure and roles of the High Court of Justice, including its three divisions (Chancery, Family, and Queen's Bench), and the Supreme Court as the final court of appeal. The evolution from the House of Lords to the Supreme Court in 2009 is mentioned, underscoring the court's vital role in shaping the legal landscape. Access more solved assignments and past papers on Desklib.

Business Law

Table of Contents
INTRODUCTION...........................................................................................................................3
MAIN BODY...................................................................................................................................3
Write an essay discussing the evolution of the legal system and the types of laws of England
and Wales. The essay must also provide a detailed discussion about the court structure of the
country.........................................................................................................................................3
Conclusion.......................................................................................................................................4
REFERENCES................................................................................................................................5

INTRODUCTION
The law is a very crucial tool in order to regulate the country. This is mainly important in
the countries which is democratic. In English law, there are various types legal system. These are
basically of three different provision like England & Wales, Scotland and Netherlands. All of
them has various judicial system(Shebaita, 2020). The law can be public or personal. The role of
Court in English system is too crucial for the supreme court which is being incorporated
presently in October. On the other hand, the High Court is third largest court that is the court of
appeal. This essay would discuss about the evolution of the legal system of UK. It would also
outline the different types of law that is prevailing in the country. Moreover, it would also
explain about the hierarchy of courts in UK.
MAIN BODY
Write an essay discussing the evolution of the legal system and the types of laws of England and
Wales. The essay must also provide a detailed discussion about the court structure of the
country.
The legal system is a procedure that is used for interpreting, implementing as well as
enforcing laws in a country. The country UK has a monarch so it does not have a president in the
country. This means that the law is common for all persons in the country. It was organized by
King Henry II in year 1154 to 1189. Moreover, the England and Wales has the common law
system that is mixed by both the legislation as well as the precedents that is being declared in
case laws. Such laws has been passed by head of the State, the House of Commons as well as the
House of Lords. It is a very heterogeneous approach because the England and Wales, Scotland
and Netherlands all has the various different judicial system. But, a similarity exist between the
England & Netherlands judicial system. On the other hand, the Scotland has a more hybrid
approach that is made up of both common law as well as the civil law systems. It has the more
independent system in the country. This is also derived its similarities from Rome Dutch
Law(Arias and Kouroutakis, 2020).
The UK Law has been distributed in two main parts. These are the public law and private
law. The public Law relates to the relationship of single with the other state. On the other hand,
the private law is the one that regulates its relationship between single and a private
arrangement. This is further divided like civil law and private law. The difference originating

between criminal and civil law is that civil law operates with negligence, land law, contracts,
etc. On the other hand, the criminal law is one where the wrong conduct is done against the
society.
The courts plays a very important role in the English Legal system. The court are
classified into various categories that includes the high court and the supreme court. The High
Court of Justice is too known as Her Majesty's High Court of Justice in England. The supreme
court is the senior most court in England and Wales. This is the third highest court in the UK .
This court acts as the appellate body. This is because all the decisions that can be heard and
made in the lower courts is heard in the high court of the nation. The decisions of the High Court
is binding on the lower courts of the country. The High Court is made up of 3 divisions. These
are the Chancery Division, the Family Division and the Queens Bench Division. The Queens
Division Bench is related to the civil wrong that deals with both the contract as well as the tort
law of the country. This has the power to use the judicial review as well as too made up of many
courts such as Commercial Courts, Admiralty Court along with the Administrative Court. The
family Division court deals with all the matters of family as well as the high court delivers in all
these types of cases(Peroni, 2018). The Chancery Division operates with many other laws. It
operates different types of laws such as Company Law, Land probate, Partnership claims, etc.
The Supreme Court is the last and the final court of appeal in the country. It plays an
essential role in the improvement of the country by helping in deciding the present cases of the
court, administrative as well as its regulation. As the supreme court is the final court of appeal it
can only use the cases when it is created by the lower court. In the Supreme Court of UK, it came
into existence on 1 October, 2009. Hence, by replacing the House Of Lords. The key role of
Supreme Court is that it acts as the final court of appeal in both the cases of criminal and civil in
England, Wales and Northern Ireland(Martínez, 2018).
Conclusion
This essay summarises about the judicial system of English Law such as Pandora box.
The sources of law is too essential and the fact that various province has various judicial system
which is too fascinating and of great demand to see that by this it has so much diversity in its
system but still has one the biggest legislation as well as the judicial system. This essay also
summarises about the different kinds of law that is being operated and used in the country UK.

REFERENCES
Books and Journals
Shebaita, M., 2020. The Notion of Administrative Contracts in Civil Law System vs Common
Law System. Available at SSRN 3706353.
Arias, S. and Kouroutakis, A., 2020. Separation of powers and executive clemency in the civil
law world: A comparative study. In Executive Clemency (pp. 58-75). Routledge.
Peroni, G., 2018. The regulation of patrimony within civil law systems: from a unitary to a
divisional approach in the management of patrimonial assets and its effects on private
international law rules. Journal of Private International Law, 14(2), pp.368-382.
Martínez Velencoso, L.M., 2018. The Impact of Harmonized European Private Law and the
Acquis Communautaire on Spanish Law. Journal of Civil Law Studies, 11(1), p.5.