K12 English Assignment: Full Stop, Pedagogy, and Adverse Childhood

This homework assignment delves into the critical role of full stops in English language acquisition and literacy within a K12 setting. The assignment explores the importance of proper punctuation, specifically the use of full stops, in constructing clear and effective sentences. It examines how the knowledge of English enables effective communication, and how literacy skills like reading, writing, speaking, and listening are interconnected. Moreover, the assignment considers the application of pedagogical approaches, such as micro-teaching, to enhance children's learning experiences. The assignment also addresses the impact of adverse childhood experiences on children's education and development, highlighting the need for supportive learning environments and strategies to mitigate potential challenges. The assignment provides a micro-teach plan focusing on teaching children about full stops, the use of pedagogy and the importance of the topic, and the need for providing equal opportunities for all children, regardless of their background or experiences. The assignment also emphasizes the importance of creating a safe and supportive learning environment where children feel comfortable expressing themselves and seeking help when needed.

Assessment
Table of Contents

INTRODUCTION...........................................................................................................................1
Main Body.......................................................................................................................................1
CONCLUSION................................................................................................................................8
REFERENCES................................................................................................................................9

INTRODUCTION
It is essential that every child must have an equal opportunity for education and must allow a
mainstream school to reach and have full potential and better knowledge. It has been seen that
some children are there who are going through some uncertain and adverse situation, therefore it
has become vital to take some crucial steps to help these children and protect them from all kind
of adverse and worst situation (Areba and et. al., 2021). The use of micro- teach and pedagogy
can be made in an efficient way to protect and safeguard these children from the threat and risk
of adverse situation in their childhood. Thus, the current assignment is based on the analysis
about the adverse situation encountered by the children along with discussion about concepts like
pedagogy and micro- tech to provide better understanding and education to child along with
presenting a Micro tech plan on selected concept of English – Full Stop.
Main Body
Every child should have an education and have the opportunity to go to a mainstream
school to reach their full potential and learning knowledge; therefore, education is to prepare
children for the wider society. Knowledge of English is one of the most important topics for a
child to learn as it would enable them to communicate by learning their spoken language and in
this way teaching them effective communication skills. Myhill infers that “literacy unites the
important skills of reading, writing, speaking and listening.” (Myhill, 2006). The most significant
reason for children learning English is that language is the basis, and the more you can master it,
the more effectively you interact however other children who are learning English as their
second language needs more support. Cox says, “when talking about language, have referred
primarily to English as a mother tongue it will become complex when we begin to talk about
other languages”. (Cox, 2011). Children’s checking through their work allows them to go over
their work and make amendments to it by allowing the child to see if their sentences make sense
by reconstructing their writing. Myhill indicates that “good oral work enhances pupils
understanding of language in oral and written forms. (Myhill, 2006). Children going through
what they have written will enable them to identify if they have used repetitive words, and this
way, they would be able to use a variety of words that they could find from a dictionary. The
statement that I have picked is proofreading for punctuation errors from the national curriculum
therefore the activity that I have picked is identifying full stop. The activities that Collins has
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referred to are giving them worksheets that involve writing the full stop for example, “I want to
look at the television”. (Collins, 2011). One of the activities are identify where the full stops are
that has been used in the sentences; therefore, Collins gives an example: “we put a full stop at the
end of a sentence,”, a child should be able to identify where they should put a full stop at a
sentence, but it is beneficial for a child to be shown an example to give an awareness. In order
for this activity to be carried out it is important to have awareness that there are different
pedagogical approaches of teaching styles, such as constructivist, collaborative as each child has
a different fingerprint of learning styles. Wall infers that “Pedagogy refers to that set of
instructional techniques and strategies that enable learning to occur.” “(Wall, 2015). Some
children might like to see the work being demonstrated; however, some children like to have
one-to-one support. e.g., we could write a comma and a full stop on a whiteboard as this way it
would allow children to volunteer to say which one is a full stop. Learning styles can recognise
children needs in order for teaching to be scheduled that suit the children needs Learning styles is
about recognising the preferences of individuals and also developing strategies to help them
succeed. Supporting children is an educational context that is accredited to Bruner, who detected
the way parents communicate with their children to help them learn; however how parents would
offer support but would slowly withdraw the support until the child could implement the task.
Stephanie says, "Pedagogy should neither be to staff directed with a high share of staff-initiated
nor too child-cantered. (Stephanie 2015). Some children would have some learning needs; as
children might have dyslexia therefore, labelling them will recognise each student's strength and
weaknesses however labelling can sometimes have a destructive impact on that child as by
making that child feel for self for fulfilling prophecy, therefore, the child would lose hope in
himself. Children who have the support and staff-directed approaches have some advantages
such as better learning. But this approach can sometimes negatively affect their children's
motivation. Children can choose whether they would like to do the activity in a group discussion,
or they would like to do the work by themselves, depending on how they would prefer to carry it
out. Geopel infers that "Some children are keen to sit near the front, wanting engagement, while
others sit in the back. (Geopel, 2015) As children are doing the activity they would build on their
knowledge of their speaking skills by having a discussion as this way children would be able to
learn that whatever they do in their life would take place in the corporation of other people and
according to functionalism each aspect of society depends on each other. Also, every child does
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not learn the same; e.g., some children might learn better when expressing their ideas. The major
points of considering the children who have different kinds of needs are to show what support
the child needs to enable them to achieve their aims.
Throughout the activity, it is important to consider equal opportunities for children where
there should be no differences regardless of their background therefore, they should be treated
equally for example having the equal support of help therefore all children are taught the skills
obligatory by the national curriculum. Children who have different ethnicities and have poverties
could barricade to success. Sarah says," Children who experience domestic violence or parental
ill-health whilst they are growing up may be at increased risk. (Sarah, 2004). For example, if one
boy comes from a wealthy family while the other is from a poorer family, it would cause much
difference between as the unequal distribution will assist the privileged boy and hamper the
disadvantaged child. Children who have family problems can arise behavioural and emotional
issues, which would lead children problems such as not coping with other peers as there are
adverse environmental factors, such as psychosocial anxiety can affect emotional development.
It is important to have a conversation with the children as one of them might be depressed,
however, it is important that a child needs to feel with someone whom they feel trustworthy.
Jones infers, "Schools should be a affirming place for children where they can feel able to trust
and talk openly with adults." (Jones, 2015). Due to the death of a girl named Victoria Climbie
who was abused and neglected by her parents therefore every child matters act came into place at
2003 and this policy applied to every child However, it is important to know that some children
might have adverse childhood such as emotional abuse as their parents might have left their
children. How it could have an unexpected disaster for the child and how it can arise certain
issues as a child in need are more likely to experience social and emotional issues as their parents
might have neglected some children for the different kinds of issues and how it could have an
unexpected and extreme issue for the child because of the value society attaches to parenthood
therefore, every child has a right to be protected from abuse and neglect. It is important to know
to have an awareness of the children behaviour as they might be lead to being disruptive and that
would cause different issues for the child as they will not be able to do the activity and it would
disrupt a lesson as other children won’t be able to learn anything as well therefore praising the
child would encourage them to carry on this type of particular behaviour however it is important
to keep in mind when telling off children it is important that the child shouldn’t feel embarrassed
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in front of the other children. “Morgan infers remember to praise the child when he re-joins the
class/ group sensibility and also when using reprimands and never embarrassing or ridiculing the
children”. (Morgan, 2011). If one child behaves inappropriately throughout the activity,
encourage the child; if they do not carry on this behaviour they would be praised as this way this
type of behaviour would become a habit for them. This way praising the child and give them a
reward will encourage them to carry on this behaviour as this would become a habit for them.
Therefore, before starting the activity, it is a good idea to ring a bell signal for children to
commence the required behaviour in order for children to be aware that it is time for the class.
The overarching aim of English of the national curriculum is to establish high standards
of language by preparing pupils with a strong knowledge of the spoken and written language,
and the overall aim of planning the full stops activity is that it allows the children to learn what
full stops are and learn a new range of vocabulary and comprehend the use of grammar.
Thus, the current assignment and micro tech plan prepared by me is based on the title of
English - The Full stop for which an aim is set that consists of the fact that people and
individuals must be taught and should have the habit of proofreading the content to check the
punctuation and make their English more current. Apart from this, the main objectives that are
associated with current assignment consists of making students and child aware about the fact
that where should be the full stops should be used in a sentence and all the children must need to
become able to recognises and make proper use of full stops (Tirrell-Corbin, 2019). Apart from
this, it has been also analysed that some children are also there who have an adverse childhood
and other things that is lead out due to lack of attention and care from their parents or due to
some other miss happening took place. Thus, these kinds of adverse situation and personal
experience leads to a negative impact on the thinking and learning ability of a child. The use of
micro- teach and pedagogy can be made in an efficient way to protect and safeguard child from
the threat and risk of adverse situation in their childhood. The concept of pedagogy is mainly
related and associated with the method and practice of teaching that is mainly related and
associated with the any kind of academic subject or theoretical concept. One of the most
powerful use of the pedagogical teaching comprises of a practises where students and the
teachers were set to produce work and have practical and systematic learning together (Naik,
2019). Thus, under the concept of pedagogy and micro tech the main aim and focus of the
teacher is to becomes more of a mentor or a coach for helping out students and children to
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achieve the learning goal within the classroom as well as the micro-teaching session aim at
allowing these faculty and teachers to effectively focus on teaching and their assessment
strategies in a positive and non-threatening environment along with and by the way of receiving
continuous supportive feedback on their teaching pattern from their peers.
Apart from this, an analysis can be made out that the National Curriculum is having a
main aim to provide pupils and children with an introduction to the core knowledge and equal
opportunities for all children that they need and required to be educated and become a
responsible citizen. The statement given by National Curriculum mainly aim at to embody rigour
and high standards in the education sector along with creating a coherence and equality in
whatever is taught in schools. Beside this, proper emphasis and control is also lead out by
National Curriculum to ensure that all children must be able and should taught the essential
knowledge, especially in the key areas and subject disciplines (Butler, Maguin and Carello,
2018). English is taken as mother language of a large number of population thus, it become and
tend to be a vial and key area of learning for students and especially for young children to
become able to effectively communicate and share thoughts. Beside this, as per the statement
lead out by the Early Years Foundation Stage (EYFS) which aim at setting standards for the
better learning, equal development and efficient care of children from birth to 5 years old. It has
been set out that all the schools as well as the Ofsted-registered early years providers needs and
must have to follow the EYFS along with including childminders, preschools, nurseries and
school reception classes for protecting children formal all kind of adverse childhood as well as
making them more prepared to meet any adverse situation (Agostini, Giountoli and Marelli,
2020).
On the basis of the vital and suitable statement from the National Curriculum or EYFS
framework, the selected topic that is address within micro-teach is based on the topic of English.
The main reason and justification behind selecting this vital topic is based on the fact that
English is a most vital language that plays an essential and crucial role in everyone’s lives as it
tend to help in communication. Beside this, effective understanding about English language is
also vital and important as it is the main language for studying any subject all over the world.
Beside this, it has been also observed that the English is important for students and children as it
plays a vital role in broadens their minds and also tend to develops emotional skills which is
important and helpful in improving the quality of life and present them from adverse situation
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and also tend to provide better job opportunities in future. The current assessment and project is
based on teaching the students about the punctuation used in English the main emphasis and
discussion of which is limited to full stop (Bouf, 2017).
The full stop or full point ( . ) is basically a punctuation mark that is used for several purposes
within a sentence and most often used to mark the end of any declarative sentence leaving and
opposed to use after the question or exclamation sentence (Sellbom, 2019). It forms a vital part
and important form of punctuation mark in writing English which is mainly used at the end of a
statement.
For example: I like to eat to pizza.
The schools are going to get open from Wednesday.
Further, the use of full stop is also made at the end of sentences which are in form of
commands like pick up the blue ball. Apart from this, use of full stop is also seen at the end I
sentence that are of in nature of indirect questions like she had asked me why I did not go to the
school yesterday (Bhandari, Raman and Padmanabhan, 2019). Along with this, the use of full
stop is also commonly seen with the abbreviation when they are used in shortened version like
U.S.A is an abbreviated form of United nation of America. Finally, use of full stop is also seen in
Website address like www.dictionary.com. It has been analysed that the use of full stop and
effectively recognising full stop is quite challenging sometime for children as some children
might struggle to comprehend what full stops are and how to use it (Schofield, 2020). Thus,
following micro teach plan is prepared to offer an effective class and period for children on the
topic based on The Full stop.
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Micro Tech Lesson
Student
teacher
name:
XYZ Date: abc
Micro
teach
lesson
title:
Full stop Venue/Online: Online
Micro teach aims:
Pupils should be taught to proofread for
punctuation
Micro teach objectives/outcomes:
 Understanding where full stops are used in a
sentence.
 All children should be able to recognise full
stops.
 More children would have a quite
understanding of what full stops are.
 some children might struggle to comprehend
what full stops are
Class details for micro-teach:
English Language class :- Full stop
Cross-curricular opportunities:
Opportunities to develop effective communication skills
along with getting better understanding about punctuations
in English.
What resources will I require:
Copies of full stops worksheets activity
Pens/highlighter
Writing materials e.g. pencils and rubbers and rulers.
Specific learner needs:
This particular class is available for all children to make
them able to carry out practices based on full stop
activity. Use of different type of learning like visual
learning would also be made to meet the specific needs
of learners.
Timing Topic/knowledge/skill Teacher activities Learner activities Assessment
for learning
checks
1
minute
Introduction of session and
starting activity
Introduction of the topic
would be provided
The students are required
to carefully listen to the
teachers and look at the
worksheet
Assessment of
the level of
children
understanding
by the way of
showing
picture of full
stop
3
minute
s
Comprehension Task:
main Process for learners
• A topic based
question wold be
asked from
Learner are required to
identify where the full
stop should be in the
Assessment of
ability by
random
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children
• A brief
description about
full stop and its
uses would be
provided
provided worksheet. questions
about full stop
1
minute
Language Focus Task:
Working Collaboratively
 an example of full
stop would be shown
to the children by full
stop image and stick
it on the board to see
it as it would give
children aware of
what a full stop look
likes.
 practises worksheet
will be provided to
child and ask them to
read the few first
lines of the sentences
and ask them to put
the full stops as a part
of collaborative
learning.
The children must be
attentive and should
listen properly all the
rules that are explained
by teachers about full
stop.
Assessment of
children
learning would
be made
through the
evaluation of
right and
wrong answers
provided by
them.
5
minute
s
Communicative task-
Developing interpersonal
dialogue
• a range of
situation is
provided to
children to make
them able to
effectively
communicate.
• Questions but use
of a full stop
would be
addressed
The learners are expected
to take part in
communication in an
effective manner to
resolve all the confusion
and queries related with
the current topic.
Assessment of
leaners
understanding
would be made
on the basis of
queries and
communication
made by them.
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CONCLUSION
On the basis of above assignment, a conclusion can be made that every child is having
different learning ability that is based on the situation and experience faced by them. It has been
also analysed that certain worst situation and adverse conditions like emotional abuse as their
parents might have left their children along with environmental factors, such as psychosocial
anxiety which leads significant impact on their learning. Further, a conclusion can also be made
that use of a micro tech plan facilitates more effective teaching practises to ensure better
understanding and learning on a specific topic.
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REFERENCES
Books and journal
Agostini, A., Giountoli, J. and Marelli, L., 2020. RE: Europe’s forest management did not
mitigate climate warming. Full stop.
Areba, E.M. and et. al., 2021. Adverse childhood experiences and suicidality: school
connectedness as a protective factor for ethnic minority adolescents. Children and Youth
Services Review, 120, p.105637.
Bhandari, R., Raman, B. and Padmanabhan, V., 2019. Fullstop: A camera-assisted system for
characterizing unsafe bus stopping. IEEE Transactions on Mobile Computing.
Bouf, A., 2017. Desertification, full stop: who will save the Eure-et-Loir? What about the
provision of care?. Médecine, 13(9), pp.421-427.
Butler, L.D., Maguin, E. and Carello, J., 2018. Retraumatization mediates the effect of adverse
childhood experiences on clinical training-related secondary traumatic stress
symptoms. Journal of Trauma & Dissociation, 19(1), pp.25-38.
Chaplain, R. (2003) Teaching without disruption in the primary school: a model for managing
pupil behaviour. London: RoutledgeFalmer.
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